linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH RFC] x86: check for and defend against BIOS memory corruption

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Date:	Mon, 8 Sep 2008 12:35:47 +0100 (BST)
From:	Hugh Dickins <hugh@...itas.com>
To:	Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@...p.org>
cc:	Ingo Molnar <mingo@...e.hu>,
	Rafał Miłecki <zajec5@...il.com>,
	Alan Jenkins <alan-jenkins@...fmail.co.uk>,
	"H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@...or.com>,
	Linux Kernel Mailing List <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH RFC] x86: check for and defend against BIOS memory
 corruption

On Fri, 29 Aug 2008, Jeremy Fitzhardinge wrote:
> Hugh Dickins wrote:
> 
> > Is this the right moment for me to mention again that I'm not sure
> > your reuse of existing pagetables was quite right anyway: NX being
> > excluded from level2_ident_pgt, but wanted in the direct map?
> 
> We could add NX.  What's the behaviour of setting NX in a
> non-NX-supporting CPU?  I don't think it would trigger a "reserved bit"
> exception (the other high pte flags don't).  Or failing that, we could
> mask out NX once we've worked out the CPU doesn't support it (at the
> same time it relocates the pagetables to the kernel's load-time address).

I've no experience of what happens if NX is set to a non-NX-supporting
CPU, so can't advise on that at all.  But I think you're looking at
it the wrong way round - or else I am.

Here's the declaration and comment on level2_ident_pgt in head_64.S:

NEXT_PAGE(level2_ident_pgt)
	/* Since I easily can, map the first 1G.
	 * Don't set NX because code runs from these pages.
	 */
	PMDS(0, __PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE_EXEC, PTRS_PER_PMD)

(The "Since I easily can" comment is there because it used to map
only a subset needed for early kernel startup, not the whole 1G.)

So it's very intentionally leaving NX out there.  I believe the
level2_ident_pgt page appears twice or more in the pagetable layout,
used to map two or more areas of virtual address space - once to
provide the direct map at ffff880000000000 and once to provide
the kernel image virtual mapping at ffffffff80200000.

I think we don't want NX on Linux kernel text ;-?

Before your 2.6.27-rc changes, init_memory_mapping subsequently
replaced the direct map usage by a separately constructed pagetable,
similar to it but with NX set throughout.  After your 2.6.27-rc
changes, level2_ident_pgt is found there already so left untouched -
leaving NX out of that first 1G of the direct map forever (when CPA
splits it up, the smaller pages inherit the lack of NX too).

I noticed when changing /proc/meminfo to show DirectMap in kB,
and tried to fix it, but only gave myself a non-booting system
(I probably shrank my direct map to 0 while implicitly using it).
And at that stage I didn't realize at all that it was a recent
regression arising from your mods.

I'm reluctant to delve in there again at present, and unsure
what the right fix should be: perhaps the code which checks if
an entry is already there, should check if it has the desired
flags?

Hugh
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