Date:	Wed, 03 Dec 2008 17:56:37 +0900
From:	Kentaro Takeda <takedakn@...data.co.jp>
To:	sds@...ho.nsa.gov, serue@...ibm.com,
	linux-security-module@...r.kernel.org,
	linux-fsdevel@...r.kernel.org
CC:	akpm@...ux-foundation.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
	haradats@...data.co.jp
Subject: [PATCH (mmotm-2008-12-02-17-08)] Introduce security_path_set/clear()
 hooks.

Stephen, Serge,
Here is the patch for introducing new security_path_set()/clear() hooks.

This patch enables LSM module to remember vfsmount's pathname so that it can 
calculate absolute pathname in security_inode_*(). Since actual MAC can be 
performed after DAC, there will not be any noise in auditing and learning 
features. This patch currently assumes that the vfsmount's pathname is stored in 
hash table in LSM module. (Should I use stack memory?)

Since security_inode_*() are not always called after security_path_set(), 
security_path_clear() hook is needed to free the remembered pathname.

Andrew,
If lsm and fs guys accept this patch, please replace 
introduce-new-lsm-hooks-where-vfsmount-is-available.patch with this patch.


Otherwise, if we could call DAC functions, such as may_create(), in LSM module, 
security_path_clear() hook would not be needed. This approach is simple, but it 
might be objected because of layering. ;-)

Regards,

----- What is this patch for? -----

There are security_inode_*() LSM hooks for attribute-based MAC, but they are not
suitable for pathname-based MAC because they don't receive "struct vfsmount"
information.

----- How this patch was developed? -----

Two pathname-based MACs, AppArmor and TOMOYO Linux, are trying to merge
upstream. But because of "struct vfsmount" problem, they have been unable to
merge upstream.

Here are the list of approaches and the reasons of denial.

(1) Not using LSM
 http://lwn.net/Articles/277833/

 This approach was rejected because security modules should use LSM because the
 whole idea behind LSM was to have a single set of hooks for all security
 modules; if every module now adds its own set of hooks, that purpose will have
 been defeated and the kernel will turn into a big mess of security hooks.

(2) Retrieving "struct vfsmount" from "struct task_struct".
 http://lkml.org/lkml/2007/11/5/388

 Since "struct task_struct" contains list of "struct vfsmount",
 "struct vfsmount" which corresponds to "struct dentry" can be retrieved from
 the list unless "mount --bind" is used.

 This approach turned out to cause a critical problem that getting namespace_sem
 lock from security_inode_*() triggers AB-BA deadlock.

(3) Adding "struct vfsmount" parameter to VFS helper functions.
 http://lkml.org/lkml/2008/5/29/207

 This approach adds "struct vfsmount" to VFS helper functions (e.g. vfs_mkdir()
 and vfs_symlink()) and LSM hooks inside VFS helper functions. This approach is
 helpful for not only AppArmor and TOMOYO Linux 2.x but also SELinux and
 auditing purpose, for this approach allows existent LSM users to use pathnames
 in their access control and audit logs.

 This approach was rejected by Al Viro, the VFS maintainer, because he thinks
 individual filesystem should remain "struct vfsmount"-unaware and VFS helper
 functions should not receive "struct vfsmount".

 Al Viro also suggested to move existing security_inode_*() to out of VFS
 helper functions so that security_inode_*() can receive "struct vfsmount"
 without modifying VFS helper functions, but this suggestion was opposed by
 Stephen Smalley because changing the order of permission checks (i.e.
 MAC checks before DAC checks) is not acceptable.

(4) Passing "struct vfsmount" via "struct task_struct".
 http://lkml.org/lkml/2007/11/16/157

 Since we didn't understand the reason why accessing "struct vfsmount" from
 LSM hooks inside VFS helper functions is not acceptable, we thought the reason
 why VFS helper functions don't receive "struct vfsmount" is the amount of
 modifications needed to do so. Thus, we proposed to pass "struct vfsmount" via
 "struct task_struct" so that modifications remain minimal.

 This approach was rejected because this is an abuse of "struct task_struct".

(5) Remembering pathname of "struct vfsmount" via "struct task_struct".
 http://lkml.org/lkml/2008/8/19/16

 Since pathname of a "struct dentry" up to the mount point can be calculated
 without "struct vfsmount", absolute pathname of a "struct dentry" can be
 calculated if "struct task_struct" can remember absolute pathname of a
 "struct vfsmount" which corresponds to "struct dentry".
 As we now understand that Al Viro is opposing to access "struct vfsmount" from
 LSM hooks inside VFS helper functions, we gave up delivering "struct vfsmount"
 to LSM hooks inside VFS helper functions.
 Kernel 2.6.26 introduced read-only bind mount feature, and hooks for that
 feature (i.e. mnt_want_write() and mnt_drop_write()) were inserted around
 VFS helper functions call. Since mnt_want_write() receives "struct vfsmount"
 which corresponds to "struct dentry" that will be passed to subsequent VFS
 helper functions call, we associated pathname of "struct vfsmount" with
 "struct task_struct" instead of associating "struct vfsmount" itself.

 This approach was not explicitly rejected, but there seems to be performance
 problem.

(6) Introducing new LSM hooks.
 http://lkml.org/lkml/2008/9/24/48

 We understand that adding new LSM hooks which receive "struct vfsmount" outside
 VFS helper functions is the most straightforward approach. This approach has
 less impact to existing LSM module and no impact to VFS helper functions.

(7) Remembering pathname of "struct vfsmount" via new LSM hooks.
 (this patch)

 We proposed (6) so that we can implement MAC which can take an absolute
 pathname of a requested file into account. We embedded DAC's code copied from
 VFS helper functions into (6). But we received a comment that copying DAC's
 code is not a good thing. Thus, we once gave up doing DAC checks before MAC
 checks.
 
 But, we do want to do DAC checks before MAC checks so that we can avoid MAC's
 noisy error messages generated by access requests which will be rejected by
 DAC.
 
 There are two restrictions for now.
 
 One is that we should avoid accessing "struct vfsmount" inside VFS helper
 functions and security_inode_*() so that we can keep clear separation between
 vfsmount-aware layer and vfsmount-unaware layer. Thus, there is no chance to
 pass "struct vfsmount" parameter to VFS helper functions and
 security_inode_*().

 The other is that we should avoid copying DAC's code into security_path_*().
 The security_path_*() which was proposed in (6) allows us to implement MAC
 which can take an absolute pathname of a requested file into account, but
 keeps us away from doing DAC checks before MAC checks.
 
 We were using security_path_*(), but we still want to do DAC checks before
 MAC checks. Thus, we propose this patch which is a variant of (5) (which was
 not explicitly rejected). This patch introduces
 security_path_set(struct vfsmount *) and security_path_clear().
 We want to use these hooks as follows.
 
 (a) Let security_path_set() which are inserted before calling VFS helper
     functions remember the absolute pathname of "struct vfsmount" and
     store the result which are in the form of "char *" into private hash.
 
 (b) Let security_inode_*() do MAC using the pathname stored by
     security_path_set().
 
 (c) Let security_path_clear() which are inserted after calling VFS helper
     functions clear the pathname from private hash.
 
 This approach is similar to (5), but to avoid performance problem,
 this patch inserts into minimal locations that TOMOYO Linux needs.

Signed-off-by: Kentaro Takeda <takedakn@...data.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@...ove.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Toshiharu Harada <haradats@...data.co.jp>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@...iv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@....de>
Cc: Crispin Cowan <crispin@...spincowan.com>
Cc: Stephen Smalley <sds@...ho.nsa.gov>
Cc: Casey Schaufler <casey@...aufler-ca.com>
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@...ei.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>
---

 fs/namei.c               |   43 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 fs/open.c                |    6 ++++++
 include/linux/security.h |   24 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 net/unix/af_unix.c       |    5 +++++
 security/Kconfig         |   10 ++++++++++
 security/capability.c    |   17 +++++++++++++++++
 security/security.c      |   16 ++++++++++++++++
 7 files changed, 121 insertions(+)

--- linux-2.6.28-rc7-mm1.orig/fs/namei.c
+++ linux-2.6.28-rc7-mm1/fs/namei.c
@@ -1556,12 +1556,15 @@ int may_open(struct nameidata *nd, int a
 		 * Refuse to truncate files with mandatory locks held on them.
 		 */
 		error = locks_verify_locked(inode);
+		if (!error)
+			error = security_path_set(nd->path.mnt);
 		if (!error) {
 			DQUOT_INIT(inode);
 
 			error = do_truncate(dentry, 0,
 					    ATTR_MTIME|ATTR_CTIME|ATTR_OPEN,
 					    NULL);
+			security_path_clear();
 		}
 		put_write_access(inode);
 		if (error)
@@ -1586,7 +1589,12 @@ static int __open_namei_create(struct na
 
 	if (!IS_POSIXACL(dir->d_inode))
 		mode &= ~current->fs->umask;
+	error = security_path_set(nd->path.mnt);
+	if (error)
+		goto out_unlock;
 	error = vfs_create(dir->d_inode, path->dentry, mode, nd);
+	security_path_clear();
+out_unlock:
 	mutex_unlock(&dir->d_inode->i_mutex);
 	dput(nd->path.dentry);
 	nd->path.dentry = path->dentry;
@@ -1999,6 +2007,9 @@ asmlinkage long sys_mknodat(int dfd, con
 	error = mnt_want_write(nd.path.mnt);
 	if (error)
 		goto out_dput;
+	error = security_path_set(nd.path.mnt);
+	if (error)
+		goto out_drop_write;
 	switch (mode & S_IFMT) {
 		case 0: case S_IFREG:
 			error = vfs_create(nd.path.dentry->d_inode,dentry,mode,&nd);
@@ -2011,6 +2022,8 @@ asmlinkage long sys_mknodat(int dfd, con
 			error = vfs_mknod(nd.path.dentry->d_inode,dentry,mode,0);
 			break;
 	}
+	security_path_clear();
+out_drop_write:
 	mnt_drop_write(nd.path.mnt);
 out_dput:
 	dput(dentry);
@@ -2070,7 +2083,12 @@ asmlinkage long sys_mkdirat(int dfd, con
 	error = mnt_want_write(nd.path.mnt);
 	if (error)
 		goto out_dput;
+	error = security_path_set(nd.path.mnt);
+	if (error)
+		goto out_drop_write;
 	error = vfs_mkdir(nd.path.dentry->d_inode, dentry, mode);
+	security_path_clear();
+out_drop_write:
 	mnt_drop_write(nd.path.mnt);
 out_dput:
 	dput(dentry);
@@ -2180,7 +2198,12 @@ static long do_rmdir(int dfd, const char
 	error = mnt_want_write(nd.path.mnt);
 	if (error)
 		goto exit3;
+	error = security_path_set(nd.path.mnt);
+	if (error)
+		goto exit4;
 	error = vfs_rmdir(nd.path.dentry->d_inode, dentry);
+	security_path_clear();
+exit4:
 	mnt_drop_write(nd.path.mnt);
 exit3:
 	dput(dentry);
@@ -2265,7 +2288,12 @@ static long do_unlinkat(int dfd, const c
 		error = mnt_want_write(nd.path.mnt);
 		if (error)
 			goto exit2;
+		error = security_path_set(nd.path.mnt);
+		if (error)
+			goto exit3;
 		error = vfs_unlink(nd.path.dentry->d_inode, dentry);
+		security_path_clear();
+exit3:
 		mnt_drop_write(nd.path.mnt);
 	exit2:
 		dput(dentry);
@@ -2346,7 +2374,12 @@ asmlinkage long sys_symlinkat(const char
 	error = mnt_want_write(nd.path.mnt);
 	if (error)
 		goto out_dput;
+	error = security_path_set(nd.path.mnt);
+	if (error)
+		goto out_drop_write;
 	error = vfs_symlink(nd.path.dentry->d_inode, dentry, from);
+	security_path_clear();
+out_drop_write:
 	mnt_drop_write(nd.path.mnt);
 out_dput:
 	dput(dentry);
@@ -2443,7 +2476,12 @@ asmlinkage long sys_linkat(int olddfd, c
 	error = mnt_want_write(nd.path.mnt);
 	if (error)
 		goto out_dput;
+	error = security_path_set(nd.path.mnt);
+	if (error)
+		goto out_drop_write;
 	error = vfs_link(old_path.dentry, nd.path.dentry->d_inode, new_dentry);
+	security_path_clear();
+out_drop_write:
 	mnt_drop_write(nd.path.mnt);
 out_dput:
 	dput(new_dentry);
@@ -2677,8 +2715,13 @@ asmlinkage long sys_renameat(int olddfd,
 	error = mnt_want_write(oldnd.path.mnt);
 	if (error)
 		goto exit5;
+	error = security_path_set(oldnd.path.mnt);
+	if (error)
+		goto exit6;
 	error = vfs_rename(old_dir->d_inode, old_dentry,
 				   new_dir->d_inode, new_dentry);
+	security_path_clear();
+exit6:
 	mnt_drop_write(oldnd.path.mnt);
 exit5:
 	dput(new_dentry);
--- linux-2.6.28-rc7-mm1.orig/fs/open.c
+++ linux-2.6.28-rc7-mm1/fs/open.c
@@ -272,9 +272,12 @@ static long do_sys_truncate(const char _
 		goto put_write_and_out;
 
 	error = locks_verify_truncate(inode, NULL, length);
+	if (!error)
+		error = security_path_set(path.mnt);
 	if (!error) {
 		DQUOT_INIT(inode);
 		error = do_truncate(path.dentry, length, 0, NULL);
+		security_path_clear();
 	}
 
 put_write_and_out:
@@ -329,7 +332,10 @@ static long do_sys_ftruncate(unsigned in
 
 	error = locks_verify_truncate(inode, file, length);
 	if (!error)
+		error = security_path_set(file->f_path.mnt);
+	if (!error)
 		error = do_truncate(dentry, length, ATTR_MTIME|ATTR_CTIME, file);
+	security_path_clear();
 out_putf:
 	fput(file);
 out:
--- linux-2.6.28-rc7-mm1.orig/include/linux/security.h
+++ linux-2.6.28-rc7-mm1/include/linux/security.h
@@ -470,6 +470,12 @@ static inline void security_free_mnt_opt
  *	@inode contains a pointer to the inode.
  *	@secid contains a pointer to the location where result will be saved.
  *	In case of failure, @secid will be set to zero.
+ * @path_set:
+ *	Calculate pathname of vfsmount for subsequent vfs operation.
+ *	@vfsmnt contains the vfsmount structure.
+ *	Return 0 on success, negative value otherwise.
+ * @path_clear:
+ *	Clear pathname of vfsmount calculated by @path_set.
  *
  * Security hooks for file operations
  *
@@ -1331,6 +1337,11 @@ struct security_operations {
 				   struct super_block *newsb);
 	int (*sb_parse_opts_str) (char *options, struct security_mnt_opts *opts);
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY_PATH
+	int (*path_set) (struct vfsmount *vfsmnt);
+	void (*path_clear) (void);
+#endif
+
 	int (*inode_alloc_security) (struct inode *inode);
 	void (*inode_free_security) (struct inode *inode);
 	int (*inode_init_security) (struct inode *inode, struct inode *dir,
@@ -2705,6 +2716,19 @@ static inline void security_skb_classify
 
 #endif	/* CONFIG_SECURITY_NETWORK_XFRM */
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY_PATH
+int security_path_set(struct vfsmount *vfsmnt);
+void security_path_clear(void);
+#else	/* CONFIG_SECURITY_PATH */
+static inline int security_path_set(struct vfsmount *vfsmnt)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+static inline void security_path_clear(void)
+{
+}
+#endif	/* CONFIG_SECURITY_PATH */
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_KEYS
 #ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY
 
--- linux-2.6.28-rc7-mm1.orig/net/unix/af_unix.c
+++ linux-2.6.28-rc7-mm1/net/unix/af_unix.c
@@ -836,7 +836,12 @@ static int unix_bind(struct socket *sock
 		err = mnt_want_write(nd.path.mnt);
 		if (err)
 			goto out_mknod_dput;
+		err = security_path_set(nd.path.mnt);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_mknod_drop_write;
 		err = vfs_mknod(nd.path.dentry->d_inode, dentry, mode, 0);
+		security_path_clear();
+out_mknod_drop_write:
 		mnt_drop_write(nd.path.mnt);
 		if (err)
 			goto out_mknod_dput;
--- linux-2.6.28-rc7-mm1.orig/security/Kconfig
+++ linux-2.6.28-rc7-mm1/security/Kconfig
@@ -81,6 +81,16 @@ config SECURITY_NETWORK_XFRM
 	  IPSec.
 	  If you are unsure how to answer this question, answer N.
 
+config SECURITY_PATH
+	bool "Security hooks for pathname based access control"
+	depends on SECURITY
+	help
+	  This adds security_path_set() and security_path_clear()
+	  hooks for pathname based access control.
+	  If enabled, a security module can use these hooks to
+	  implement pathname based access controls.
+	  If you are unsure how to answer this question, answer N.
+
 config SECURITY_FILE_CAPABILITIES
 	bool "File POSIX Capabilities"
 	default n
--- linux-2.6.28-rc7-mm1.orig/security/capability.c
+++ linux-2.6.28-rc7-mm1/security/capability.c
@@ -263,6 +263,19 @@ static void cap_inode_getsecid(const str
 	*secid = 0;
 }
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY_PATH
+
+static int cap_path_set(struct vfsmount *vfsmnt)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void cap_path_clear(void)
+{
+}
+
+#endif
+
 static int cap_file_permission(struct file *file, int mask)
 {
 	return 0;
@@ -883,6 +896,10 @@ void security_fixup_ops(struct security_
 	set_to_cap_if_null(ops, inode_setsecurity);
 	set_to_cap_if_null(ops, inode_listsecurity);
 	set_to_cap_if_null(ops, inode_getsecid);
+#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY_PATH
+	set_to_cap_if_null(ops, path_set);
+	set_to_cap_if_null(ops, path_clear);
+#endif
 	set_to_cap_if_null(ops, file_permission);
 	set_to_cap_if_null(ops, file_alloc_security);
 	set_to_cap_if_null(ops, file_free_security);
--- linux-2.6.28-rc7-mm1.orig/security/security.c
+++ linux-2.6.28-rc7-mm1/security/security.c
@@ -355,6 +355,22 @@ int security_inode_init_security(struct 
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(security_inode_init_security);
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY_PATH
+
+int security_path_set(struct vfsmount *vfsmnt)
+{
+	return security_ops->path_set(vfsmnt);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(security_path_set);
+
+void security_path_clear(void)
+{
+	return security_ops->path_clear();
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(security_path_clear);
+
+#endif
+
 int security_inode_create(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, int mode)
 {
 	if (unlikely(IS_PRIVATE(dir)))

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