linux-kernel - Re: Broken ARM atomic ops wrt memory barriers (was : [PATCH] Add cmpxchg support for ARMv6+ systems)

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Date:	Wed, 27 May 2009 08:59:17 -0700
From:	"Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@...ux.vnet.ibm.com>
To:	Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@...ymtl.ca>
Cc:	Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@....com>,
	Russell King - ARM Linux <linux@....linux.org.uk>,
	Jamie Lokier <jamie@...reable.org>,
	linux-arm-kernel@...ts.arm.linux.org.uk,
	linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: Broken ARM atomic ops wrt memory barriers (was : [PATCH] Add
	cmpxchg support for ARMv6+ systems)

On Wed, May 27, 2009 at 10:52:44AM -0400, Mathieu Desnoyers wrote:
> * Catalin Marinas (catalin.marinas@....com) wrote:
> > On Tue, 2009-05-26 at 21:22 -0400, Mathieu Desnoyers wrote:
> > > So, my questions is : is ARMv7 weak memory ordering model as weak as
> > > Alpha ?
> > 
> > I'm not familiar with Alpha but ARM allows a weakly ordered memory
> > system (starting with ARMv6), it's up to the processor implementer to
> > decide how weak but within the ARM ARM restrictions (section A3.8.2).
> > 
> > I think the main difference with Alpha is that ARM doesn't do
> > speculative writes, only speculative reads. The write cannot become
> > visible to other observers in the same shareability domain before the
> > instruction occurs in program order. But because of the write buffer,
> > there is no guarantee on the order of two writes becoming visible to
> > other observers in the same shareability domain. The reads from normal
> > memory can happen speculatively (with a few restrictions)
> > 
> > Summarising from the ARM ARM, there are two terms used:
> > 
> >         Address dependency - an address dependency exists when the value
> >         returned by a read access is used to compute the virtual address
> >         of a subsequent read or write access.
> >         
> >         Control dependency - a control dependency exists when the data
> >         value returned by a read access is used to determine the
> >         condition code flags, and the values of the flags are used for
> >         condition code checking to determine the address of a subsequent
> >         read access.
> >         
> > The (simplified) memory ordering restrictions of two explicit accesses
> > (where multiple observers are present and in the same shareability
> > domain):
> > 
> >       * If there is an address dependency then the two memory accesses
> >         are observed in program order by any observer
> >       * If the value returned by a read access is used as data written
> >         by a subsequent write access, then the two memory accesses are
> >         observed in program order
> >       * It is impossible for an observer of a memory location to observe
> >         a write access to that memory location if that location would
> >         not be written to in a sequential execution of a program
> > 
> > Outside of these restrictions, the processor implementer can do whatever
> > it makes the CPU faster. To ensure the relative ordering between memory
> > accesses (either read or write), the software should have DMB
> > instructions.
> 
> Great, so no need to worry about smp_read_barrier_depend then, given
> there is an address dependency.

No need to worry from a CPU viewpoint, but still need to disable any
value-speculation optimizations that the compiler guys might indulge in.

							Thanx, Paul

> Thanks !
> 
> Mathieu
> 
> > -- 
> > Catalin
> > 
> 
> -- 
> Mathieu Desnoyers
> OpenPGP key fingerprint: 8CD5 52C3 8E3C 4140 715F  BA06 3F25 A8FE 3BAE 9A68
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