linux-kernel - Re: New fast(?)-boot results on ARM

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Date:	Fri, 14 Aug 2009 22:04:57 +0200
From:	Denys Vlasenko <vda.linux@...glemail.com>
To:	Robert Schwebel <r.schwebel@...gutronix.de>
Cc:	linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, linux-embedded@...r.kernel.org,
	Arjan van de Ven <arjan@...ux.intel.com>,
	Tim Bird <tim.bird@...sony.com>, kernel@...gutronix.de
Subject: Re: New fast(?)-boot results on ARM

On Fri, Aug 14, 2009 at 7:02 PM, Robert
Schwebel<r.schwebel@...gutronix.de> wrote:
> So we basically have 7 s for the kernel. The rest is userspace, which hasn't
> seen much optimization yet, other than trying to start the GUI application as
> early as possible, while doing all other init stuff in parallel. Adding "quiet"
> brings us another 300 ms.
>
> That's factor 70 away from the 110 ms boot time Tim has talked about some days
> ago (and he measured on an ARM cpu which had almost half the speed of this
> one), and I'm wondering what we can do to improve the boot time.
>
> Robert
>
> rsc@...be:~$ microcom | ptx_ts "U-Boot 2.0.0-rc9"
> [  2.395740] <  2.395740>
> [  2.395860] <  0.000120>
> [  0.000011] <  0.000011> U-Boot 2.0.0-rc9 (Aug  5 2009 - 10:05:58)
> [  0.000059] <  0.000048>
> [  0.003823] <  0.003764> Board: Phytec phyCORE-i.MX27
> [  0.010753] <  0.006930> cfi_probe: cfi_flash base: 0xc0000000 size: 0x02000000
> [  0.018711] <  0.007958> NAND device: Manufacturer ID: 0x20, Chip ID: 0x36 (ST Micro NAND 64MiB 1,8V 8-bit)
> [  0.026592] <  0.007881> imxfb@...fb0: i.MX Framebuffer driver
> [  0.178655] <  0.152063> dev_protect: currently broken
> [  0.178736] <  0.000081> Using environment in NOR Flash
> [  0.182577] <  0.003841> initialising PLLs
> [  0.367142] <  0.184565> Malloc space: 0xa3f00000 -> 0xa7f00000 (size 64 MB)
> [  0.370568] <  0.003426> Stack space : 0xa3ef8000 -> 0xa3f00000 (size 32 kB)
> [  0.445993] <  0.075425> running /env/bin/init...
> [  0.870592] <  0.424599>
> [  0.874559] <  0.003967> Hit any key to stop autoboot:  0

boot loader is not fast. considering its simple task,
it can be made faster.

> [  1.326621] <  0.452062> loaded zImage from /dev/nand0.kernel.bb with size 1679656
> [  2.009996] <  0.683375> Uncompressing Linux............................................................................................................... done, booting the kernel.
> [  2.416999] <  0.407003> Linux version 2.6.31-rc4-g056f82f-dirty (sha@...opus) (gcc version 4.3.2 (OSELAS.Toolchain-1.99.3) ) #1 PREEMPT Thu Aug 6 08:37:19 CEST 2009

Other people already commented on this (kernel is too big)

> [  2.418729] <  0.001730> CPU: ARM926EJ-S [41069264] revision 4 (ARMv5TEJ), cr=00053177
> [  2.423081] <  0.004352> CPU: VIVT data cache, VIVT instruction cache
> [  2.426592] <  0.003511> Machine: phyCORE-i.MX27
...
> [  2.742628] <  0.016050> 0x000000360000-0x000004000000 : "root"
> [  3.058610] <  0.315982> UBI: attaching mtd7 to ubi0
> [  3.062878] <  0.004268> UBI: physical eraseblock size:   16384 bytes (16 KiB)
> [  3.070601] <  0.007723> UBI: logical eraseblock size:    15360 bytes
> [  3.070665] <  0.000064> UBI: smallest flash I/O unit:    512
> [  3.078564] <  0.007899> UBI: VID header offset:          512 (aligned 512)
> [  3.078609] <  0.000045> UBI: data offset:                1024
> [  5.006609] <  1.928000> UBI: attached mtd7 to ubi0
> [  5.013157] <  0.006548> UBI: MTD device name:            "root"

As others commented, ubi looks slow and you probably need to find out why.

> [  5.014566] <  0.001409> UBI: MTD device size:            60 MiB
> [  5.018660] <  0.004094> UBI: number of good PEBs:        3880
> [  5.022585] <  0.003925> UBI: number of bad PEBs:         0
> [  5.026797] <  0.004212> UBI: max. allowed volumes:       89
> [  5.026849] <  0.000052> UBI: wear-leveling threshold:    4096
> [  5.030779] <  0.003930> UBI: number of internal volumes: 1
> [  5.034583] <  0.003804> UBI: number of user volumes:     1
> [  5.046572] <  0.011989> UBI: available PEBs:             0
> [  5.046622] <  0.000050> UBI: total number of reserved PEBs: 3880
> [  5.046657] <  0.000035> UBI: number of PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling: 38
> [  5.050606] <  0.003949> UBI: max/mean erase counter: 2/0
> [  5.050668] <  0.000062> UBI: image sequence number: 0
> [  5.058619] <  0.007951> UBI: background thread "ubi_bgt0d" started, PID 215
> [  5.062620] <  0.004001> oprofile: using timer interrupt.
> [  5.070584] <  0.007964> TCP cubic registered
> [  5.070637] <  0.000053> NET: Registered protocol family 17
> [  5.074624] <  0.003987> RPC: Registered udp transport module.
> [  5.082616] <  0.007992> RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
> [  5.605159] <  0.522543> eth0: config: auto-negotiation on, 100FDX, 100HDX, 10FDX, 10HDX.
> [  6.602621] <  0.997462> IP-Config: Complete:
> [  6.606638] <  0.004017>      device=eth0, addr=192.168.23.197, mask=255.255.0.0, gw=192.168.23.2,
> [  6.614588] <  0.007950>      host=192.168.23.197, domain=, nis-domain=(none),
> [  6.618652] <  0.004064>      bootserver=192.168.23.2, rootserver=192.168.23.2, rootpath=

Well, this ~1 second is not really kernel's fault, it's DHCP delay.
But, do you need to do it at this moment?
You do not seem to be using networking filesystems.
You can run DHCP client in userspace.

> [  6.630579] <  0.011927> UBIFS: recovery needed
> [  6.662655] <  0.032076> UBIFS: recovery completed
> [  6.666587] <  0.003932> UBIFS: mounted UBI device 0, volume 1, name "root"
> [  6.670570] <  0.003983> UBIFS: file system size:   58490880 bytes (57120 KiB, 55 MiB, 3808 LEBs)
> [  6.678572] <  0.008002> UBIFS: journal size:       7741440 bytes (7560 KiB, 7 MiB, 504 LEBs)
> [  6.682573] <  0.004001> UBIFS: media format:       w4/r0 (latest is w4/r0)
> [  6.686572] <  0.003999> UBIFS: default compressor: lzo
> [  6.690562] <  0.003990> UBIFS: reserved for root:  0 bytes (0 KiB)
> [  6.694599] <  0.004037> VFS: Mounted root (ubifs filesystem) on device 0:12.
> [  6.702568] <  0.007969> Freeing init memory: 100K

So, about 4 seconds for kernel init (I subtracted DHCP and boot loader times).

And now userspace takes 7 seconds, mostly because it does not
parallelize boot process:

> init started: BusyBox v1.13.4 (2009-08-06 08:30:14 CEST)
> [  7.050625] <  0.187504> mounting filesystems...done.
> [  7.078608] <  0.027983> running rc.d services...

these services seem to start one by one:

> [  7.137924] <  0.059316> starting udev
> [  7.147925] <  0.010001> mounting tmpfs at /dev
> [  7.182299] <  0.034374> creating static nodes
> [  7.410613] <  0.228314> starting udevd...done
> [  8.811097] <  1.400484> waiting for devices...done
> [  8.918710] <  0.107613> syslogd starting
> [  9.050585] <  0.131875> tweaking ondemand scaling governor
> [ 10.010600] <  0.960015> Starting system message bus: dbus.
...
> [ 13.546627] <  0.024002> OSELAS(R)-phyCORE-trunk (PTXdist-1.99.svn/2009-08-06T08:37:25+0200)
> [ 13.558613] <  0.011986>
> [ 13.690643] <  0.132030>        _            ____ ___  ____  _____
> [ 13.690731] <  0.000088>  _ __ | |__  _   _ / ___/ _ \|  _ \| ____|
> [ 13.698595] <  0.007864> | '_ \| '_ \| | | | |  | | | | |_) |  _|
> [ 13.698654] <  0.000059> | |_) | | | | |_| | |__| |_| |  _ <| |___
> [ 13.702581] <  0.003927> | .__/|_| |_|\__, |\____\___/|_| \_\_____|
> [ 13.706573] <  0.003992> |_|          |___/
> [ 13.706622] <  0.000049>
> [ 13.725043] <  0.018421>
> [ 14.742608] <  1.017565>

-- 
vda
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