Date:	Wed, 2 Sep 2009 13:41:14 +0900
From:	KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@...fujitsu.com>
To:	KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@...fujitsu.com>
Cc:	"linux-mm@...ck.org" <linux-mm@...ck.org>,
	"linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org" <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
	"balbir@...ux.vnet.ibm.com" <balbir@...ux.vnet.ibm.com>,
	"nishimura@....nes.nec.co.jp" <nishimura@....nes.nec.co.jp>,
	"akpm@...ux-foundation.org" <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>
Subject: [mmotm][PATCH] coalescing uncharge

Based on mmotm+ softlimit clean up patches I posted today.

I think this version is much easier to read and cleaner than previous one.
But it's -rc8 age now. I can wait until the end of next merge window.

after make -j8 kernel.
==
lock_stat version 0.3
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              class name    con-bounces    contentions   waittime-min   waittime-max waittime-total    acq-bounces   acquisitions   holdtime-min   holdtime-max holdtime-total
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                          &counter->lock:       3074759        3086077           0.94       14372.27     1978508.38       68039606       80763359           0.45       34243.51    37892635.86
                          --------------
                          &counter->lock        2970383          [<ffffffff8109921d>] res_counter_charge+0x4d
                          &counter->lock         112516          [<ffffffff81099175>] res_counter_uncharge+0x35
                          &counter->lock           3178          [<ffffffff81111e2a>] mem_cgroup_update_tree+0x11a/0x1c0
                          --------------
                          &counter->lock        2973905          [<ffffffff8109921d>] res_counter_charge+0x4d
                          &counter->lock         109581          [<ffffffff81099175>] res_counter_uncharge+0x35
                          &counter->lock           2591          [<ffffffff81111e2a>] mem_cgroup_update_tree+0x11a/0x1c0
==
After this patch, lock conention in uncharge is reduced.
(And I know if I can reduce lock contention in charge path,
 this dramatically reduced.)


==
From: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@...fujitsu.com>

In massive parallel enviroment, res_counter can be a performance bottleneck.
This patch is a trial for reducing lock contention.
One strong techinque to reduce lock contention is reducing calls by
batching some amount of calls int one.

Considering charge/uncharge chatacteristic,
	- charge is done one by one via demand-paging.
	- uncharge is done by
		- in chunk at munmap, truncate, exit, execve...
		- one by one via vmscan/paging.

It seems we hace a chance to batched-uncharge.
This patch is a base patch for batched uncharge. For avoiding
scattering memcg's structure, this patch adds memcg batch uncharge
information to the task. please see start/end usage in next patch.
Because it will be used always at exit(), it's not very costly.
(And much gives us much easier code than using percpu_xxx.)

The degree of coalescing depends on callers
  - at invalidate/trucate... pagevec size
  - at unmap ....ZAP_BLOCK_SIZE
pages itself will be freed in this degree.

Changelog:
 - unified patch for callers
 - added commetns.
 - make ->do_batch as bool.
 - removed css_get() at el. We don't need it.


Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@...fujitsu.com>
---
 include/linux/memcontrol.h |   12 ++++++
 include/linux/sched.h      |    7 +++
 mm/memcontrol.c            |   90 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
 mm/memory.c                |    2 +
 mm/truncate.c              |    6 +++
 5 files changed, 111 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

Index: mmotm-2.6.31-Aug27/include/linux/memcontrol.h
===================================================================
--- mmotm-2.6.31-Aug27.orig/include/linux/memcontrol.h
+++ mmotm-2.6.31-Aug27/include/linux/memcontrol.h
@@ -54,6 +54,10 @@ extern void mem_cgroup_rotate_lru_list(s
 extern void mem_cgroup_del_lru(struct page *page);
 extern void mem_cgroup_move_lists(struct page *page,
 				  enum lru_list from, enum lru_list to);
+
+extern void mem_cgroup_uncharge_batch_start(void);
+extern void mem_cgroup_uncharge_batch_end(void);
+
 extern void mem_cgroup_uncharge_page(struct page *page);
 extern void mem_cgroup_uncharge_cache_page(struct page *page);
 extern int mem_cgroup_shmem_charge_fallback(struct page *page,
@@ -151,6 +155,14 @@ static inline void mem_cgroup_cancel_cha
 {
 }
 
+static inline void mem_cgroup_uncharge_batch_start(void)
+{
+}
+
+static inline void mem_cgroup_uncharge_batch_start(void)
+{
+}
+
 static inline void mem_cgroup_uncharge_page(struct page *page)
 {
 }
Index: mmotm-2.6.31-Aug27/mm/memcontrol.c
===================================================================
--- mmotm-2.6.31-Aug27.orig/mm/memcontrol.c
+++ mmotm-2.6.31-Aug27/mm/memcontrol.c
@@ -1821,6 +1821,48 @@ void mem_cgroup_cancel_charge_swapin(str
 	css_put(&mem->css);
 }
 
+static void
+__do_uncharge(struct mem_cgroup *mem, const enum charge_type ctype)
+{
+	struct memcg_batch_info *batch = NULL;
+	bool uncharge_memsw = true;
+	/* If swapout, usage of swap doesn't decrease */
+	if (!do_swap_account || ctype == MEM_CGROUP_CHARGE_TYPE_SWAPOUT)
+		uncharge_memsw = false;
+	/*
+	 * do_batch == true when unmapping pages or inode invaludate/truncate.
+	 * In those cases, all pages freed continously can be expected to be in
+	 * the same cgroup and we have chance to coalesce uncharges.
+	 */
+	if (!current->memcg_batch.do_batch)
+		goto direct_uncharge;
+
+	batch = &current->memcg_batch;
+	/*
+	 * In usual, we do css_get() when we remember memcg pointer.
+	 * But in this case, we keep res->usage until end of a series of
+	 * uncharges. Then, it's ok to ignore memcg's refcnt.
+	 */
+	if (!batch->memcg)
+		batch->memcg = mem;
+	/*
+	 * In typical case, batch->memcg == mem. This means we can
+	 * merge a series of uncharges to an uncharge of res_counter.
+	 * If not, we uncharge res_counter ony by one.
+	 */
+	if (batch->memcg != mem)
+		goto direct_uncharge;
+	/* remember freed charge and uncharge it later */
+	batch->pages += PAGE_SIZE;
+	if (uncharge_memsw)
+		batch->memsw += PAGE_SIZE;
+	return;
+direct_uncharge:
+	res_counter_uncharge(&mem->res, PAGE_SIZE);
+	if (uncharge_memsw)
+		res_counter_uncharge(&mem->memsw, PAGE_SIZE);
+	return;
+}
 
 /*
  * uncharge if !page_mapped(page)
@@ -1869,12 +1911,8 @@ __mem_cgroup_uncharge_common(struct page
 		break;
 	}
 
-	if (!mem_cgroup_is_root(mem)) {
-		res_counter_uncharge(&mem->res, PAGE_SIZE);
-		if (do_swap_account &&
-				(ctype != MEM_CGROUP_CHARGE_TYPE_SWAPOUT))
-			res_counter_uncharge(&mem->memsw, PAGE_SIZE);
-	}
+	if (!mem_cgroup_is_root(mem))
+		__do_uncharge(mem, ctype);
 	if (ctype == MEM_CGROUP_CHARGE_TYPE_SWAPOUT)
 		mem_cgroup_swap_statistics(mem, true);
 	mem_cgroup_charge_statistics(mem, pc, false);
@@ -1920,6 +1958,46 @@ void mem_cgroup_uncharge_cache_page(stru
 	__mem_cgroup_uncharge_common(page, MEM_CGROUP_CHARGE_TYPE_CACHE);
 }
 
+/*
+ * batch_start/batch_end is called in unmap_page_range/invlidate/trucate.
+ * In that cases, pages are freed continuously and we can expect pages
+ * are in the same memcg. All these calls itself limits the number of
+ * pages freed at once, then uncharge_start/end() is called properly.
+ */
+
+void mem_cgroup_uncharge_batch_start(void)
+{
+	VM_BUG_ON(current->memcg_batch.do_batch);
+	/* avoid batch if killed by OOM */
+	if (test_thread_flag(TIF_MEMDIE))
+		return;
+	current->memcg_batch.memcg = NULL;
+	current->memcg_batch.pages = 0;
+	current->memcg_batch.memsw = 0;
+	current->memcg_batch.do_batch = true;
+}
+
+void mem_cgroup_uncharge_batch_end(void)
+{
+	struct mem_cgroup *mem;
+
+	if (!current->memcg_batch.do_batch)
+		return;
+
+	current->memcg_batch.do_batch = false;
+
+	mem = current->memcg_batch.memcg;
+	if (!mem)
+		return;
+	/* This "mem" is valid bacause we hide charges behind us. */
+	if (current->memcg_batch.pages)
+		res_counter_uncharge(&mem->res, current->memcg_batch.pages);
+	if (current->memcg_batch.memsw)
+		res_counter_uncharge(&mem->memsw, current->memcg_batch.memsw);
+	/* Not necessary. but forget this pointer */
+	current->memcg_batch.memcg = NULL;
+}
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_SWAP
 /*
  * called after __delete_from_swap_cache() and drop "page" account.
Index: mmotm-2.6.31-Aug27/include/linux/sched.h
===================================================================
--- mmotm-2.6.31-Aug27.orig/include/linux/sched.h
+++ mmotm-2.6.31-Aug27/include/linux/sched.h
@@ -1540,6 +1540,13 @@ struct task_struct {
 	unsigned long trace_recursion;
 #endif /* CONFIG_TRACING */
 	unsigned long stack_start;
+#ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR /* memcg uses this to do batch job */
+	struct memcg_batch_info {
+		bool do_batch;
+		struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
+		long pages, memsw;
+	} memcg_batch;
+#endif
 };
 
 /* Future-safe accessor for struct task_struct's cpus_allowed. */
Index: mmotm-2.6.31-Aug27/mm/memory.c
===================================================================
--- mmotm-2.6.31-Aug27.orig/mm/memory.c
+++ mmotm-2.6.31-Aug27/mm/memory.c
@@ -909,6 +909,7 @@ static unsigned long unmap_page_range(st
 		details = NULL;
 
 	BUG_ON(addr >= end);
+	mem_cgroup_uncharge_batch_start();
 	tlb_start_vma(tlb, vma);
 	pgd = pgd_offset(vma->vm_mm, addr);
 	do {
@@ -921,6 +922,7 @@ static unsigned long unmap_page_range(st
 						zap_work, details);
 	} while (pgd++, addr = next, (addr != end && *zap_work > 0));
 	tlb_end_vma(tlb, vma);
+	mem_cgroup_uncharge_batch_end();
 
 	return addr;
 }
Index: mmotm-2.6.31-Aug27/mm/truncate.c
===================================================================
--- mmotm-2.6.31-Aug27.orig/mm/truncate.c
+++ mmotm-2.6.31-Aug27/mm/truncate.c
@@ -272,6 +272,7 @@ void truncate_inode_pages_range(struct a
 			pagevec_release(&pvec);
 			break;
 		}
+		mem_cgroup_uncharge_batch_start();
 		for (i = 0; i < pagevec_count(&pvec); i++) {
 			struct page *page = pvec.pages[i];
 
@@ -286,6 +287,7 @@ void truncate_inode_pages_range(struct a
 			unlock_page(page);
 		}
 		pagevec_release(&pvec);
+		mem_cgroup_uncharge_batch_end();
 	}
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(truncate_inode_pages_range);
@@ -327,6 +329,7 @@ unsigned long invalidate_mapping_pages(s
 	pagevec_init(&pvec, 0);
 	while (next <= end &&
 			pagevec_lookup(&pvec, mapping, next, PAGEVEC_SIZE)) {
+		mem_cgroup_uncharge_batch_start();
 		for (i = 0; i < pagevec_count(&pvec); i++) {
 			struct page *page = pvec.pages[i];
 			pgoff_t index;
@@ -354,6 +357,7 @@ unsigned long invalidate_mapping_pages(s
 				break;
 		}
 		pagevec_release(&pvec);
+		mem_cgroup_uncharge_batch_end();
 		cond_resched();
 	}
 	return ret;
@@ -428,6 +432,7 @@ int invalidate_inode_pages2_range(struct
 	while (next <= end && !wrapped &&
 		pagevec_lookup(&pvec, mapping, next,
 			min(end - next, (pgoff_t)PAGEVEC_SIZE - 1) + 1)) {
+		mem_cgroup_uncharge_batch_start();
 		for (i = 0; i < pagevec_count(&pvec); i++) {
 			struct page *page = pvec.pages[i];
 			pgoff_t page_index;
@@ -477,6 +482,7 @@ int invalidate_inode_pages2_range(struct
 			unlock_page(page);
 		}
 		pagevec_release(&pvec);
+		mem_cgroup_uncharge_batch_end();
 		cond_resched();
 	}
 	return ret;

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