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Message-ID: <20090904022123.GA11222@localhost>
Date: Fri, 4 Sep 2009 10:21:23 +0800
From: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@...el.com>
To: Fernando Silveira <fsilveira@...il.com>
Cc: LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: I/O and pdflush
On Fri, Sep 04, 2009 at 04:46:14AM +0800, Fernando Silveira wrote:
> On Wed, Sep 2, 2009 at 09:50, Wu Fengguang<fengguang.wu@...el.com> wrote:
> > On Wed, Sep 02, 2009 at 07:29:37PM +0800, Fernando Silveira wrote:
> >> On Wed, Sep 2, 2009 at 00:05, Wu Fengguang<fengguang.wu@...el.com> wrote:
> >> > Is it tightly related to two interleaved write streams (the performance drop
> >> > starts and stops with the second write stream)? If so, it sounds like a SSD
> >> > hardware/firmware problem.
> >>
> >> By write stream you mean more than one sdc file descriptor writing? I
> >> don't usually do that, except for some tests (e.g. the "20090831_0908
> >> iostat_x_1_5-80mbps_3" test). In that last test I did not do that.
> >>
> >> The performance drops even when the whole system is idle, with no
> >> process other than the essential and my program that does nothing but
> >> open("/dev/sdc", O_WRONLY) and loops in write(fd, buf, 4194304).
> >
> > Yes, I mean concurrently writing to two large files.
>
> Sorry, but that cannot be happening in my tests. As I said before, the
> only processes running are "init", "udevd", "sshd", "getty", "bash"
> and "ddv". In the "dmesg" logs you can see that the only processes
> that are writing to the disk are "ddv" and "pdflush". I just cannot
> see another stream being written.
>
> Please tell me if I'm missing something.
OK, so performance can go bad even for one single dd command?
> > Note that the
> > low level disk write start/stop time is normally not equal to
> > application(eg. dd) write start/stop time because of delayed write.
> >
> > Passing "oflag=direct" to dd can make the two times aligned.
>
> I was aware of that, however I tried it and now the problem seems to
> be much more difficult to be reproduced. I've being trying for a
> couple of hours and so far all I could see was a small performance
> drop from 80MB/s (now almost steady) to 60MB/s for some seconds
> (approximately 16).
>
> Could this possibly mean something else to you?
So performance is good on two concurrent O_DIRECT dd commands?
> > These commands can show the block IO internals and help confirm
> > whether it's the kernel or hardware's fault:
> >
> > blktrace -w1 /dev/sdc # do this while throughput is 25MB/s
> > blkparse sdc
>
> I did that but I couldn't identify whose fault is. I don't understand
> much about I/O internals (still trying to) and I wonder if you could
> check it for me, please.
>
> The new trace logs are in this tarball:
>
> http://rootshell.be/~swrh/ssd-tests/log-20090903_1323-MK020903042C0001B-prosar_fcc2-bs_4M-0-blktrace_25mbps.tar.gz
The kernel seems to do its job fine. I do see one obvious pattern(*).
The driver seems to complete IO requests _in batches_, which in turn
make the kernel issue IO requests in batches. Which might choke the
hardware/firmware in some subtle way.
In direct dd(s), the io queue is limited in size, so this kind of
batching effect will not be obvious, which could explain why it
performs better.
Thanks,
Fengguang
---
(*) `blkparse sdc` shows repeated patterns of
[thousands of A-Q-M sequences by ddv or pdflush]
8,32 0 11992 0.093682688 2417 A W 210184323 + 1 <- (8,34) 194119323
8,32 0 11993 0.093682832 2417 Q W 210184323 + 1 [ddv]
8,32 0 11994 0.093683066 2417 M W 210184323 + 1 [ddv]
8,32 0 11995 0.093683552 2417 A W 210184324 + 1 <- (8,34) 194119324
8,32 0 11996 0.093683702 2417 Q W 210184324 + 1 [ddv]
8,32 0 11997 0.093683930 2417 M W 210184324 + 1 [ddv]
8,32 0 11998 0.093684422 2417 A W 210184325 + 1 <- (8,34) 194119325
8,32 0 11999 0.093684566 2417 Q W 210184325 + 1 [ddv]
8,32 0 12000 0.093684799 2417 M W 210184325 + 1 [ddv]
8,32 0 12001 0.093685285 2417 A W 210184326 + 1 <- (8,34) 194119326
8,32 0 12002 0.093685429 2417 Q W 210184326 + 1 [ddv]
8,32 0 12003 0.093685663 2417 M W 210184326 + 1 [ddv]
8,32 0 12004 0.093686155 2417 A W 210184327 + 1 <- (8,34) 194119327
8,32 0 12005 0.093686299 2417 Q W 210184327 + 1 [ddv]
8,32 0 12006 0.093686533 2417 M W 210184327 + 1 [ddv]
[near 100 C-D sequences]
8,32 1 12378 0.094161760 0 C W 210164352 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12379 0.094318451 0 D W 210164608 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12007 0.095964571 2417 C W 210164480 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12008 0.096097816 2417 D W 210164736 + 128 [ddv]
8,32 0 12009 0.097421849 211 C W 210164608 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12010 0.097566626 211 D W 210164864 + 128 [kswapd0]
8,32 1 12380 0.099029562 0 C W 210164736 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12381 0.099199427 0 D W 210164992 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12011 0.101573454 2417 C W 210164864 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12012 0.101722292 2417 D W 210165120 + 128 [ddv]
8,32 1 12382 0.103317406 0 C W 210164992 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12383 0.103491195 0 D W 210165248 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12013 0.104819283 2417 C W 210165120 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12014 0.104966411 2417 D W 210165376 + 128 [ddv]
8,32 0 12015 0.106378658 2417 C W 210165248 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12016 0.106545098 2417 D W 210165504 + 128 [ddv]
8,32 1 12384 0.108959520 0 C W 210165376 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12385 0.109088854 0 D W 210165632 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12017 0.110761352 0 C W 210165504 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12018 0.110881820 0 D W 210165760 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12386 0.112203050 0 C W 210165632 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12387 0.112310847 0 D W 210165888 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12019 0.113762264 0 C W 210165760 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12020 0.113868915 0 D W 210166016 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12021 0.116295958 0 C W 210165888 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12022 0.116405740 0 D W 210166144 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12388 0.118039279 0 C W 210166016 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12389 0.118146452 0 D W 210166272 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12023 0.119468271 0 C W 210166144 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12024 0.119569714 0 D W 210166400 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12390 0.120972296 0 C W 210166272 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12391 0.121081701 0 D W 210166528 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12392 0.123565552 0 C W 210166400 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12393 0.123674146 0 D W 210166656 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12025 0.125309227 0 C W 210166528 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12026 0.125417174 0 D W 210166784 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12394 0.126739754 0 C W 210166656 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12395 0.126845037 0 D W 210166912 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12027 0.128297684 0 C W 210166784 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12028 0.128407466 0 D W 210167040 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12396 0.130840911 0 C W 210166912 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12397 0.130947693 0 D W 210167168 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12398 0.132628003 0 C W 210167040 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12399 0.132732236 0 D W 210167296 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12029 0.134054889 0 C W 210167168 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12030 0.134160082 0 D W 210167424 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12400 0.135563066 0 C W 210167296 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12401 0.135664905 0 D W 210167552 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12031 0.138157000 0 C W 210167424 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12032 0.138263110 0 D W 210167680 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12402 0.139842121 0 C W 210167552 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12403 0.139945646 0 D W 210167808 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12404 0.141269145 210 C W 210167680 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12405 0.141377805 210 D W 210167936 + 128 [pdflush]
8,32 0 12033 0.142830026 0 C W 210167808 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12034 0.142936449 0 D W 210168064 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12406 0.145314280 0 C W 210167936 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12407 0.145418662 0 D W 210168192 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12035 0.147057325 0 C W 210168064 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12036 0.147159590 0 D W 210168320 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12408 0.148482753 0 C W 210168192 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12409 0.148587813 0 D W 210168448 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12410 0.149991158 0 C W 210168320 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12411 0.150096956 0 D W 210168576 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12037 0.152584743 0 C W 210168448 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12038 0.152690919 0 D W 210168704 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12412 0.154328700 0 C W 210168576 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12413 0.154431589 0 D W 210168832 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12039 0.155754320 0 C W 210168704 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12040 0.155852734 0 D W 210168960 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12414 0.157305657 0 C W 210168832 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12415 0.157407880 0 D W 210169088 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12416 0.159789046 0 C W 210168960 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12417 0.159887321 0 D W 210169216 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12041 0.161590753 0 C W 210169088 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12042 0.161690654 0 D W 210169344 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12418 0.163013019 0 C W 210169216 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12419 0.163115584 0 D W 210169472 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12043 0.164519096 0 C W 210169344 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12044 0.164622195 0 D W 210169600 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12420 0.167173282 0 C W 210169472 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12421 0.167276254 0 D W 210169728 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12422 0.168925764 0 C W 210169600 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12423 0.169027981 0 D W 210169856 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12045 0.170351065 0 C W 210169728 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12046 0.170455910 0 D W 210169984 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12424 0.171907579 0 C W 210169856 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12425 0.172013444 0 D W 210170112 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12047 0.174390555 0 C W 210169984 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12048 0.174492477 0 D W 210170240 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12426 0.176133642 0 C W 210170112 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12427 0.176237095 0 D W 210170368 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12428 0.177558824 0 C W 210170240 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12429 0.177664029 0 D W 210170496 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12049 0.179067469 0 C W 210170368 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12050 0.179169668 0 D W 210170624 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12430 0.181612304 0 C W 210170496 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12431 0.181714443 0 D W 210170752 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12051 0.183355913 0 C W 210170624 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12052 0.183459354 0 D W 210170880 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12432 0.184783537 0 C W 210170752 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12433 0.184880864 0 D W 210171008 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12053 0.186333961 0 C W 210170880 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12054 0.186428577 0 D W 210171136 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12055 0.188818497 0 C W 210171008 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12056 0.188920809 0 D W 210171264 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12434 0.190562105 0 C W 210171136 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12435 0.190666416 0 D W 210171392 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12057 0.191988452 0 C W 210171264 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12058 0.192089505 0 D W 210171520 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12436 0.193493089 0 C W 210171392 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12437 0.193595240 0 D W 210171648 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12438 0.196087478 0 C W 210171520 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12439 0.196191783 0 D W 210171776 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12059 0.197831496 0 C W 210171648 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12060 0.197933803 0 D W 210171904 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12440 0.199257319 0 C W 210171776 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12441 0.199360568 0 D W 210172032 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12061 0.200814049 0 C W 210171904 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12062 0.200913626 0 D W 210172160 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12442 0.203309419 0 C W 210172032 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12443 0.203412830 0 D W 210172288 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12063 0.205060570 0 C W 210172160 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12064 0.205162907 0 D W 210172416 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12065 0.206486099 0 C W 210172288 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12066 0.206587944 0 D W 210172544 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12444 0.207990905 0 C W 210172416 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12445 0.208091646 0 D W 210172672 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12067 0.210583968 0 C W 210172544 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12068 0.210680377 0 D W 210172800 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12446 0.212327398 0 C W 210172672 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12447 0.212428457 0 D W 210172928 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12069 0.213751590 0 C W 210172800 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12070 0.213853765 0 D W 210173056 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12071 0.215305974 0 C W 210172928 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12072 0.215410602 0 D W 210173184 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12448 0.217849597 0 C W 210173056 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12449 0.217949042 0 D W 210173312 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12073 0.219601719 0 C W 210173184 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12074 0.219703342 0 D W 210173440 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12450 0.221025743 0 C W 210173312 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12451 0.221127756 0 D W 210173568 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12075 0.222580660 0 C W 210173440 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12076 0.222676374 0 D W 210173696 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12077 0.225014766 0 C W 210173568 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12078 0.225111955 0 D W 210173824 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12452 0.226711310 0 C W 210173696 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12453 0.226812111 0 D W 210173952 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12079 0.229019147 0 C W 210173824 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12080 0.229119366 0 D W 210174080 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12454 0.230581959 0 C W 210173952 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12455 0.230682370 0 D W 210174208 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12081 0.232003758 0 C W 210174080 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12082 0.232102141 0 D W 210174336 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12083 0.233503956 0 C W 210174208 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12084 0.233600131 0 D W 210174464 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12456 0.234921110 0 C W 210174336 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12457 0.235018282 0 D W 210174592 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12085 0.236420624 0 C W 210174464 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12086 0.236519661 0 D W 210174720 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 1 12458 0.238714991 0 C W 210174592 + 128 [0]
8,32 1 12459 0.238812841 0 D W 210174848 + 128 [swapper]
8,32 0 12087 0.240419071 0 C W 210174720 + 128 [0]
8,32 0 12088 0.240514299 0 D W 210174976 + 128 [swapper]
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