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Date: Wed, 02 Dec 2009 17:28:07 +0900
From: Hidetoshi Seto <seto.hidetoshi@...fujitsu.com>
To: Stanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@...hat.com>,
linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
CC: Ingo Molnar <mingo@...e.hu>, Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
Spencer Candland <spencer@...ehost.com>,
Américo Wang <xiyou.wangcong@...il.com>,
Oleg Nesterov <oleg@...hat.com>,
Balbir Singh <balbir@...ibm.com>
Subject: [PATCH -v2 2/2] sched, cputime: introduce thread_group_times()
This is a real fix for problem of utime/stime values decreasing
described in the thread:
http://lkml.org/lkml/2009/11/3/522
Now cputime is accounted in the following way:
- {u,s}time in task_struct are increased every time when the thread
is interrupted by a tick (timer interrupt).
- When a thread exits, its {u,s}time are added to signal->{u,s}time,
after adjusted by task_times().
- When all threads in a thread_group exits, accumulated {u,s}time
(and also c{u,s}time) in signal struct are added to c{u,s}time
in signal struct of the group's parent.
So {u,s}time in task struct are "raw" tick count, while {u,s}time
and c{u,s}time in signal struct are "adjusted" values.
And accounted values are used by:
- task_times(), to get cputime of a thread:
This function returns adjusted values that originates from raw
{u,s}time and scaled by sum_exec_runtime that accounted by CFS.
- thread_group_cputime(), to get cputime of a thread group:
This function returns sum of all {u,s}time of living threads in
the group, plus {u,s}time in the signal struct that is sum of
adjusted cputimes of all exited threads belonged to the group.
The problem is the return value of thread_group_cputime(), because
it is mixed sum of "raw" value and "adjusted" value:
group's {u,s}time = foreach(thread){{u,s}time} + exited({u,s}time)
This misbehavior can break {u,s}time monotonicity.
Assume that if there is a thread that have raw values greater than
adjusted values (e.g. interrupted by 1000Hz ticks 50 times but only
runs 45ms) and if it exits, cputime will decrease (e.g. -5ms).
To fix this, we could do:
group's {u,s}time = foreach(t){task_times(t)} + exited({u,s}time)
But task_times() contains hard divisions, so applying it for every
thread should be avoided.
This patch fixes the above problem in the following way:
- Modify thread's exit (= __exit_signal()) not to use task_times().
It means {u,s}time in signal struct accumulates raw values instead
of adjusted values. As the result it makes thread_group_cputime()
to return pure sum of "raw" values.
- Introduce a new function thread_group_times(*task, *utime, *stime)
that converts "raw" values of thread_group_cputime() to "adjusted"
values, in same calculation procedure as task_times().
- Modify group's exit (= wait_task_zombie()) to use this introduced
thread_group_times(). It make c{u,s}time in signal struct to
have adjusted values like before this patch.
- Replace some thread_group_cputime() by thread_group_times().
This replacements are only applied where conveys the "adjusted"
cputime to users, and where already uses task_times() near by it.
(i.e. sys_times(), getrusage(), and /proc/<PID>/stat.)
This patch have a positive side effect:
- Before this patch, if a group contains many short-life threads
(e.g. runs 0.9ms and not interrupted by ticks), the group's
cputime could be invisible since thread's cputime was accumulated
after adjusted: imagine adjustment function as adj(ticks, runtime),
{adj(0, 0.9) + adj(0, 0.9) + ....} = {0 + 0 + ....} = 0.
After this patch it will not happen because the adjustment is
applied after accumulated.
v2:
- remove if()s, put new variables into signal_struct.
Signed-off-by: Hidetoshi Seto <seto.hidetoshi@...fujitsu.com>
---
fs/proc/array.c | 5 +----
include/linux/sched.h | 4 ++++
kernel/exit.c | 23 ++++++++++++-----------
kernel/fork.c | 3 +++
kernel/sched.c | 41 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
kernel/sys.c | 18 ++++++++----------
6 files changed, 69 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)
diff --git a/fs/proc/array.c b/fs/proc/array.c
index b37121a..9e5d173 100644
--- a/fs/proc/array.c
+++ b/fs/proc/array.c
@@ -495,7 +495,6 @@ static int do_task_stat(struct seq_file *m, struct pid_namespace *ns,
/* add up live thread stats at the group level */
if (whole) {
- struct task_cputime cputime;
struct task_struct *t = task;
do {
min_flt += t->min_flt;
@@ -506,9 +505,7 @@ static int do_task_stat(struct seq_file *m, struct pid_namespace *ns,
min_flt += sig->min_flt;
maj_flt += sig->maj_flt;
- thread_group_cputime(task, &cputime);
- utime = cputime.utime;
- stime = cputime.stime;
+ thread_group_times(task, &utime, &stime);
gtime = cputime_add(gtime, sig->gtime);
}
diff --git a/include/linux/sched.h b/include/linux/sched.h
index 12dbb5c..7ae1274 100644
--- a/include/linux/sched.h
+++ b/include/linux/sched.h
@@ -628,6 +628,9 @@ struct signal_struct {
cputime_t utime, stime, cutime, cstime;
cputime_t gtime;
cputime_t cgtime;
+#ifndef CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING
+ cputime_t prev_utime, prev_stime;
+#endif
unsigned long nvcsw, nivcsw, cnvcsw, cnivcsw;
unsigned long min_flt, maj_flt, cmin_flt, cmaj_flt;
unsigned long inblock, oublock, cinblock, coublock;
@@ -1723,6 +1726,7 @@ static inline void put_task_struct(struct task_struct *t)
}
extern void task_times(struct task_struct *p, cputime_t *ut, cputime_t *st);
+extern void thread_group_times(struct task_struct *p, cputime_t *ut, cputime_t *st);
/*
* Per process flags
diff --git a/kernel/exit.c b/kernel/exit.c
index 2eaf68b..b221ad6 100644
--- a/kernel/exit.c
+++ b/kernel/exit.c
@@ -91,8 +91,6 @@ static void __exit_signal(struct task_struct *tsk)
if (atomic_dec_and_test(&sig->count))
posix_cpu_timers_exit_group(tsk);
else {
- cputime_t utime, stime;
-
/*
* If there is any task waiting for the group exit
* then notify it:
@@ -112,9 +110,8 @@ static void __exit_signal(struct task_struct *tsk)
* We won't ever get here for the group leader, since it
* will have been the last reference on the signal_struct.
*/
- task_times(tsk, &utime, &stime);
- sig->utime = cputime_add(sig->utime, utime);
- sig->stime = cputime_add(sig->stime, stime);
+ sig->utime = cputime_add(sig->utime, tsk->utime);
+ sig->stime = cputime_add(sig->stime, tsk->stime);
sig->gtime = cputime_add(sig->gtime, tsk->gtime);
sig->min_flt += tsk->min_flt;
sig->maj_flt += tsk->maj_flt;
@@ -1208,6 +1205,7 @@ static int wait_task_zombie(struct wait_opts *wo, struct task_struct *p)
struct signal_struct *psig;
struct signal_struct *sig;
unsigned long maxrss;
+ cputime_t tgutime, tgstime;
/*
* The resource counters for the group leader are in its
@@ -1223,20 +1221,23 @@ static int wait_task_zombie(struct wait_opts *wo, struct task_struct *p)
* need to protect the access to parent->signal fields,
* as other threads in the parent group can be right
* here reaping other children at the same time.
+ *
+ * We use thread_group_times() to get times for the thread
+ * group, which consolidates times for all threads in the
+ * group including the group leader.
*/
+ thread_group_times(p, &tgutime, &tgstime);
spin_lock_irq(&p->real_parent->sighand->siglock);
psig = p->real_parent->signal;
sig = p->signal;
psig->cutime =
cputime_add(psig->cutime,
- cputime_add(p->utime,
- cputime_add(sig->utime,
- sig->cutime)));
+ cputime_add(tgutime,
+ sig->cutime));
psig->cstime =
cputime_add(psig->cstime,
- cputime_add(p->stime,
- cputime_add(sig->stime,
- sig->cstime)));
+ cputime_add(tgstime,
+ sig->cstime));
psig->cgtime =
cputime_add(psig->cgtime,
cputime_add(p->gtime,
diff --git a/kernel/fork.c b/kernel/fork.c
index ad7cb6d..3d6f121 100644
--- a/kernel/fork.c
+++ b/kernel/fork.c
@@ -884,6 +884,9 @@ static int copy_signal(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk)
sig->utime = sig->stime = sig->cutime = sig->cstime = cputime_zero;
sig->gtime = cputime_zero;
sig->cgtime = cputime_zero;
+#ifndef CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING
+ sig->prev_utime = sig->prev_stime = cputime_zero;
+#endif
sig->nvcsw = sig->nivcsw = sig->cnvcsw = sig->cnivcsw = 0;
sig->min_flt = sig->maj_flt = sig->cmin_flt = sig->cmaj_flt = 0;
sig->inblock = sig->oublock = sig->cinblock = sig->coublock = 0;
diff --git a/kernel/sched.c b/kernel/sched.c
index 3674f77..aa733d5 100644
--- a/kernel/sched.c
+++ b/kernel/sched.c
@@ -5167,6 +5167,16 @@ void task_times(struct task_struct *p, cputime_t *ut, cputime_t *st)
*ut = p->utime;
*st = p->stime;
}
+
+void thread_group_times(struct task_struct *p, cputime_t *ut, cputime_t *st)
+{
+ struct task_cputime cputime;
+
+ thread_group_cputime(p, &cputime);
+
+ *ut = cputime.utime;
+ *st = cputime.stime;
+}
#else
#ifndef nsecs_to_cputime
@@ -5200,6 +5210,37 @@ void task_times(struct task_struct *p, cputime_t *ut, cputime_t *st)
*ut = p->prev_utime;
*st = p->prev_stime;
}
+
+/*
+ * Must be called with siglock held.
+ */
+void thread_group_times(struct task_struct *p, cputime_t *ut, cputime_t *st)
+{
+ struct signal_struct *sig = p->signal;
+ struct task_cputime cputime;
+ cputime_t rtime, utime, total;
+
+ thread_group_cputime(p, &cputime);
+
+ total = cputime_add(cputime.utime, cputime.stime);
+ rtime = nsecs_to_cputime(cputime.sum_exec_runtime);
+
+ if (total) {
+ u64 temp;
+
+ temp = (u64)(rtime * cputime.utime);
+ do_div(temp, total);
+ utime = (cputime_t)temp;
+ } else
+ utime = rtime;
+
+ sig->prev_utime = max(sig->prev_utime, utime);
+ sig->prev_stime = max(sig->prev_stime,
+ cputime_sub(rtime, sig->prev_utime));
+
+ *ut = sig->prev_utime;
+ *st = sig->prev_stime;
+}
#endif
/*
diff --git a/kernel/sys.c b/kernel/sys.c
index d988abe..9968c5f 100644
--- a/kernel/sys.c
+++ b/kernel/sys.c
@@ -911,16 +911,15 @@ change_okay:
void do_sys_times(struct tms *tms)
{
- struct task_cputime cputime;
- cputime_t cutime, cstime;
+ cputime_t tgutime, tgstime, cutime, cstime;
spin_lock_irq(¤t->sighand->siglock);
- thread_group_cputime(current, &cputime);
+ thread_group_times(current, &tgutime, &tgstime);
cutime = current->signal->cutime;
cstime = current->signal->cstime;
spin_unlock_irq(¤t->sighand->siglock);
- tms->tms_utime = cputime_to_clock_t(cputime.utime);
- tms->tms_stime = cputime_to_clock_t(cputime.stime);
+ tms->tms_utime = cputime_to_clock_t(tgutime);
+ tms->tms_stime = cputime_to_clock_t(tgstime);
tms->tms_cutime = cputime_to_clock_t(cutime);
tms->tms_cstime = cputime_to_clock_t(cstime);
}
@@ -1338,8 +1337,7 @@ static void k_getrusage(struct task_struct *p, int who, struct rusage *r)
{
struct task_struct *t;
unsigned long flags;
- cputime_t utime, stime;
- struct task_cputime cputime;
+ cputime_t tgutime, tgstime, utime, stime;
unsigned long maxrss = 0;
memset((char *) r, 0, sizeof *r);
@@ -1372,9 +1370,9 @@ static void k_getrusage(struct task_struct *p, int who, struct rusage *r)
break;
case RUSAGE_SELF:
- thread_group_cputime(p, &cputime);
- utime = cputime_add(utime, cputime.utime);
- stime = cputime_add(stime, cputime.stime);
+ thread_group_times(p, &tgutime, &tgstime);
+ utime = cputime_add(utime, tgutime);
+ stime = cputime_add(stime, tgstime);
r->ru_nvcsw += p->signal->nvcsw;
r->ru_nivcsw += p->signal->nivcsw;
r->ru_minflt += p->signal->min_flt;
--
1.6.5.3
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