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Message-ID: <20100511085752.GM26611@csn.ul.ie>
Date: Tue, 11 May 2010 09:57:52 +0100
From: Mel Gorman <mel@....ul.ie>
To: Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>,
KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@...fujitsu.com>,
Linux-MM <linux-mm@...ck.org>,
LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@...il.com>,
Christoph Lameter <cl@...ux.com>,
Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@...hat.com>,
Rik van Riel <riel@...hat.com>,
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>
Subject: [PATCH] mm,migration: Avoid race between shift_arg_pages() and
rmap_walk() during migration by not migrating temporary stacks
Hi Andrew,
This patch closes the most important race in relation to exec and
migration. With it applied, the swapops bug is no longer triggering for
known problem workloads. If you pick it up, it should go with the other
mmmigration-* fixes in mm.
Thanks
==== CUT HERE ====
Page migration requires rmap to be able to find all ptes mapping a page
at all times, otherwise the migration entry can be instantiated, but it
is possible to leave one behind if the second rmap_walk fails to find
the page. If this page is later faulted, migration_entry_to_page() will
call BUG because the page is locked indicating the page was migrated by
the migration PTE not cleaned up. For example
[ 511.201534] kernel BUG at include/linux/swapops.h:105!
[ 511.201534] invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP
[ 511.201534] last sysfs file: /sys/block/sde/size
[ 511.201534] CPU 0
[ 511.201534] Modules linked in: kvm_amd kvm dm_crypt loop i2c_piix4 serio_raw tpm_tis shpchp evdev tpm i2c_core pci_hotplug tpm_bios wmi processor button ext3 jbd mbcache dm_mirror dm_region_hash dm_log dm_snapshot dm_mod raid10 raid456 async_raid6_recov async_pq raid6_pq async_xor xor async_memcpy async_tx raid1 raid0 multipath linear md_mod sg sr_mod cdrom sd_mod ata_generic ahci libahci libata ide_pci_generic ehci_hcd ide_core r8169 mii ohci_hcd scsi_mod floppy thermal fan thermal_sys
[ 511.888526]
[ 511.888526] Pid: 20431, comm: date Not tainted 2.6.34-rc4-mm1-fix-swapops #6 GA-MA790GP-UD4H/GA-MA790GP-UD4H
[ 511.888526] RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff811094ff>] [<ffffffff811094ff>] migration_entry_wait+0xc1/0x129
[ 512.173545] RSP: 0018:ffff880037b979d8 EFLAGS: 00010246
[ 512.198503] RAX: ffffea0000000000 RBX: ffffea0001a2ba10 RCX: 0000000000029830
[ 512.329617] RDX: 0000000001a2ba10 RSI: ffffffff818264b8 RDI: 000000000ef45c3e
[ 512.380001] RBP: ffff880037b97a08 R08: ffff880078003f00 R09: ffff880037b979e8
[ 512.380001] R10: ffffffff8114ddaa R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000037304000
[ 512.380001] R13: ffff88007a9ed5c8 R14: f800000000077a2e R15: 000000000ef45c3e
[ 512.380001] FS: 00007f3d346866e0(0000) GS:ffff880002200000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
[ 512.380001] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 000000008005003b
[ 512.380001] CR2: 00007fff6abec9c1 CR3: 0000000037a15000 CR4: 00000000000006f0
[ 512.380001] DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
[ 513.004775] DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
[ 513.068415] Process date (pid: 20431, threadinfo ffff880037b96000, task ffff880078003f00)
[ 513.068415] Stack:
[ 513.068415] ffff880037b97b98 ffff880037b97a18 ffff880037b97be8 0000000000000c00
[ 513.228068] <0> ffff880037304f60 00007fff6abec9c1 ffff880037b97aa8 ffffffff810e951a
[ 513.228068] <0> ffff880037b97a88 0000000000000246 0000000000000000 ffffffff8130c5c2
[ 513.228068] Call Trace:
[ 513.228068] [<ffffffff810e951a>] handle_mm_fault+0x3f8/0x76a
[ 513.228068] [<ffffffff8130c5c2>] ? do_page_fault+0x26a/0x46e
[ 513.228068] [<ffffffff8130c7a2>] do_page_fault+0x44a/0x46e
[ 513.720755] [<ffffffff8130875d>] ? trace_hardirqs_off_thunk+0x3a/0x3c
[ 513.789278] [<ffffffff8114ddaa>] ? load_elf_binary+0x14a1/0x192b
[ 513.851506] [<ffffffff813099b5>] page_fault+0x25/0x30
[ 513.851506] [<ffffffff8114ddaa>] ? load_elf_binary+0x14a1/0x192b
[ 513.851506] [<ffffffff811c1e27>] ? strnlen_user+0x3f/0x57
[ 513.851506] [<ffffffff8114de33>] load_elf_binary+0x152a/0x192b
[ 513.851506] [<ffffffff8111329b>] search_binary_handler+0x173/0x313
[ 513.851506] [<ffffffff8114c909>] ? load_elf_binary+0x0/0x192b
[ 513.851506] [<ffffffff81114896>] do_execve+0x219/0x30a
[ 513.851506] [<ffffffff8111887f>] ? getname+0x14d/0x1b3
[ 513.851506] [<ffffffff8100a5c6>] sys_execve+0x43/0x5e
[ 514.483501] [<ffffffff8100320a>] stub_execve+0x6a/0xc0
[ 514.548357] Code: 74 05 83 f8 1f 75 68 48 b8 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff 07 48 21 c2 48 b8 00 00 00 00 00 ea ff ff 48 6b d2 38 48 8d 1c 02 f6 03 01 75 04 <0f> 0b eb fe 8b 4b 08 48 8d 73 08 85 c9 74 35 8d 41 01 89 4d e0
[ 514.704292] RIP [<ffffffff811094ff>] migration_entry_wait+0xc1/0x129
[ 514.808221] RSP <ffff880037b979d8>
[ 514.906179] ---[ end trace 4f88495edc224d6b ]---
There is a race between shift_arg_pages and migration that triggers this bug.
A temporary stack is setup during exec and later moved. If migration moves
a page in the temporary stack and the VMA is then removed before migration
completes, the migration PTE may not be found leading to a BUG when the
stack is faulted.
This patch causes pages within the temporary stack during exec to be skipped
by migration. It does this by marking the VMA covering the temporary stack
with an otherwise impossible combination of VMA flags. These flags are
cleared when the temporary stack is moved to its final location.
[kamezawa.hiroyu@...fujitsu.com: Idea for having migration skip temporary stacks]
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@....ul.ie>
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@...fujitsu.com>
---
fs/exec.c | 7 ++++++-
include/linux/mm.h | 3 +++
mm/rmap.c | 30 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
3 files changed, 38 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
diff --git a/fs/exec.c b/fs/exec.c
index 725d7ef..13f8e7f 100644
--- a/fs/exec.c
+++ b/fs/exec.c
@@ -242,9 +242,10 @@ static int __bprm_mm_init(struct linux_binprm *bprm)
* use STACK_TOP because that can depend on attributes which aren't
* configured yet.
*/
+ BUG_ON(VM_STACK_FLAGS & VM_STACK_INCOMPLETE_SETUP);
vma->vm_end = STACK_TOP_MAX;
vma->vm_start = vma->vm_end - PAGE_SIZE;
- vma->vm_flags = VM_STACK_FLAGS;
+ vma->vm_flags = VM_STACK_FLAGS | VM_STACK_INCOMPLETE_SETUP;
vma->vm_page_prot = vm_get_page_prot(vma->vm_flags);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&vma->anon_vma_chain);
err = insert_vm_struct(mm, vma);
@@ -616,6 +617,7 @@ int setup_arg_pages(struct linux_binprm *bprm,
else if (executable_stack == EXSTACK_DISABLE_X)
vm_flags &= ~VM_EXEC;
vm_flags |= mm->def_flags;
+ vm_flags |= VM_STACK_INCOMPLETE_SETUP;
ret = mprotect_fixup(vma, &prev, vma->vm_start, vma->vm_end,
vm_flags);
@@ -630,6 +632,9 @@ int setup_arg_pages(struct linux_binprm *bprm,
goto out_unlock;
}
+ /* mprotect_fixup is overkill to remove the temporary stack flags */
+ vma->vm_flags &= ~VM_STACK_INCOMPLETE_SETUP;
+
stack_expand = 131072UL; /* randomly 32*4k (or 2*64k) pages */
stack_size = vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start;
/*
diff --git a/include/linux/mm.h b/include/linux/mm.h
index eb21256..925f5bc 100644
--- a/include/linux/mm.h
+++ b/include/linux/mm.h
@@ -106,6 +106,9 @@ extern unsigned int kobjsize(const void *objp);
#define VM_PFN_AT_MMAP 0x40000000 /* PFNMAP vma that is fully mapped at mmap time */
#define VM_MERGEABLE 0x80000000 /* KSM may merge identical pages */
+/* Bits set in the VMA until the stack is in its final location */
+#define VM_STACK_INCOMPLETE_SETUP (VM_RAND_READ | VM_SEQ_READ)
+
#ifndef VM_STACK_DEFAULT_FLAGS /* arch can override this */
#define VM_STACK_DEFAULT_FLAGS VM_DATA_DEFAULT_FLAGS
#endif
diff --git a/mm/rmap.c b/mm/rmap.c
index 85f203e..e96565f 100644
--- a/mm/rmap.c
+++ b/mm/rmap.c
@@ -1141,6 +1141,20 @@ static int try_to_unmap_cluster(unsigned long cursor, unsigned int *mapcount,
return ret;
}
+static bool is_vma_temporary_stack(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
+{
+ int maybe_stack = vma->vm_flags & (VM_GROWSDOWN | VM_GROWSUP);
+
+ if (!maybe_stack)
+ return false;
+
+ if ((vma->vm_flags & VM_STACK_INCOMPLETE_SETUP) ==
+ VM_STACK_INCOMPLETE_SETUP)
+ return true;
+
+ return false;
+}
+
/**
* try_to_unmap_anon - unmap or unlock anonymous page using the object-based
* rmap method
@@ -1169,7 +1183,21 @@ static int try_to_unmap_anon(struct page *page, enum ttu_flags flags)
list_for_each_entry(avc, &anon_vma->head, same_anon_vma) {
struct vm_area_struct *vma = avc->vma;
- unsigned long address = vma_address(page, vma);
+ unsigned long address;
+
+ /*
+ * During exec, a temporary VMA is setup and later moved.
+ * The VMA is moved under the anon_vma lock but not the
+ * page tables leading to a race where migration cannot
+ * find the migration ptes. Rather than increasing the
+ * locking requirements of exec(), migration skips
+ * temporary VMAs until after exec() completes.
+ */
+ if (PAGE_MIGRATION && (flags & TTU_MIGRATION) &&
+ is_vma_temporary_stack(vma))
+ continue;
+
+ address = vma_address(page, vma);
if (address == -EFAULT)
continue;
ret = try_to_unmap_one(page, vma, address, flags);
--
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