Date:	Tue, 19 Oct 2010 22:46:05 +0200 (CEST)
From:	Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>
To:	Steven Rostedt <rostedt@...dmis.org>
cc:	linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, Ingo Molnar <mingo@...e.hu>,
	Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
	Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@...il.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH 2/5] ring-buffer: Bind time extend and data events
 together

On Tue, 19 Oct 2010, Steven Rostedt wrote:
> From: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@...hat.com>
> 
> When the time between two timestamps is greater than
> 2^27 nanosecs (~134 ms) a time extend event is added that extends
> the time difference to 59 bits (~18 years). This is due to
> events only having a 27 bit field to store time.
> 
> Currently this time extend is a separate event. We add it just before
> the event data that is being written to the buffer. But before
> the event data is committed, the event data can also be discarded (as
> with the case of filters). But because the time extend has already been
> committed, it will stay in the buffer.
> 
> If lots of events are being filtered and no event is being
> written, then every 134ms a time extend can be added to the buffer
> without any data attached. To keep from filling the entire buffer
> with time extends, a time extend will never be the first event
> in a page because the page timestamp can be used. Time extends can
> only fill the rest of a page with some data at the beginning.
> 
> This patch binds the time extend with the data. The difference here
> is that the time extend is not committed before the data is added.
> Instead, when a time extend is needed, the space reserved on
> the ring buffer is the time extend + the data event size. The
> time extend is added to the first part of the reserved block and
> the data is added to the second. The time extend event is passed
> back to the reserver, but since the reserver also uses a function
> to find the data portion of the reserved block, no changes to the
> ring buffer interface need to be made.
> 
> When a commit is discarded, we now remove both the time extend and
> the event. With this approach no more than one time extend can
> be in the buffer in a row. Data must always follow a time extend.
> 
> Thanks to Mathieu Desnoyers for suggesting this idea.
> 
> This patch also removes the static inline function
> ring_buffer_event_time_delta() since it had no users. I was
> going to update it to handle this change, but found that to be
> a waste of time, and just removed the function instead.
> 
> Suggested-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@...icios.com>
> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>
> Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@...dmis.org>
> ---
>  include/linux/ring_buffer.h |   12 --
>  kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c  |  283 +++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------
>  2 files changed, 154 insertions(+), 141 deletions(-)

Is there no way to make this change a bit more finegrained,
i.e. incremental patches ?

Thanks,

	tglx

> 
> diff --git a/include/linux/ring_buffer.h b/include/linux/ring_buffer.h
> index 25b4f68..8d3a248 100644
> --- a/include/linux/ring_buffer.h
> +++ b/include/linux/ring_buffer.h
> @@ -62,18 +62,6 @@ enum ring_buffer_type {
>  unsigned ring_buffer_event_length(struct ring_buffer_event *event);
>  void *ring_buffer_event_data(struct ring_buffer_event *event);
>  
> -/**
> - * ring_buffer_event_time_delta - return the delta timestamp of the event
> - * @event: the event to get the delta timestamp of
> - *
> - * The delta timestamp is the 27 bit timestamp since the last event.
> - */
> -static inline unsigned
> -ring_buffer_event_time_delta(struct ring_buffer_event *event)
> -{
> -	return event->time_delta;
> -}
> -
>  /*
>   * ring_buffer_discard_commit will remove an event that has not
>   *   ben committed yet. If this is used, then ring_buffer_unlock_commit
> diff --git a/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c b/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c
> index 0b88df8..4fc1577 100644
> --- a/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c
> +++ b/kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c
> @@ -224,6 +224,9 @@ enum {
>  	RB_LEN_TIME_STAMP = 16,
>  };
>  
> +#define skip_time_extend(event) \
> +	((struct ring_buffer_event *)((char *)event + RB_LEN_TIME_EXTEND))
> +
>  static inline int rb_null_event(struct ring_buffer_event *event)
>  {
>  	return event->type_len == RINGBUF_TYPE_PADDING && !event->time_delta;
> @@ -250,7 +253,7 @@ rb_event_data_length(struct ring_buffer_event *event)
>  
>  /* inline for ring buffer fast paths */
>  static unsigned
> -rb_event_length(struct ring_buffer_event *event)
> +__rb_event_length(struct ring_buffer_event *event)
>  {
>  	switch (event->type_len) {
>  	case RINGBUF_TYPE_PADDING:
> @@ -274,13 +277,52 @@ rb_event_length(struct ring_buffer_event *event)
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
> +/*
> + * Return total length of time extend and data,
> + *   or just the event length for all other events.
> + */
> +static unsigned
> +rb_event_ts_length(struct ring_buffer_event *event)
> +{
> +	unsigned len = 0;
> +
> +	if (event->type_len == RINGBUF_TYPE_TIME_EXTEND) {
> +		/* time extends include the data event after it */
> +		len = RB_LEN_TIME_EXTEND;
> +		event = skip_time_extend(event);
> +	}
> +	return len + __rb_event_length(event);
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * Return the length of the given event. Will return
> + * the length of the time extend if the event is a
> + * time extend.
> + */
> +static unsigned
> +rb_event_real_length(struct ring_buffer_event *event)
> +{
> +	return __rb_event_length(event);
> +}
> +
>  /**
>   * ring_buffer_event_length - return the length of the event
>   * @event: the event to get the length of
> + *
> + * Returns the size of the data load of a data event.
> + * If the event is something other than a data event, it
> + * returns the size of the event itself. With the exception
> + * of a TIME EXTEND, where it still returns the size of the
> + * data load of the data event after it.
>   */
>  unsigned ring_buffer_event_length(struct ring_buffer_event *event)
>  {
> -	unsigned length = rb_event_length(event);
> +	unsigned length;
> +
> +	if (event->type_len == RINGBUF_TYPE_TIME_EXTEND)
> +		event = skip_time_extend(event);
> +
> +	length = rb_event_real_length(event);
>  	if (event->type_len > RINGBUF_TYPE_DATA_TYPE_LEN_MAX)
>  		return length;
>  	length -= RB_EVNT_HDR_SIZE;
> @@ -294,6 +336,8 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ring_buffer_event_length);
>  static void *
>  rb_event_data(struct ring_buffer_event *event)
>  {
> +	if (event->type_len == RINGBUF_TYPE_TIME_EXTEND)
> +		event = skip_time_extend(event);
>  	BUG_ON(event->type_len > RINGBUF_TYPE_DATA_TYPE_LEN_MAX);
>  	/* If length is in len field, then array[0] has the data */
>  	if (event->type_len)
> @@ -1546,6 +1590,25 @@ static void rb_inc_iter(struct ring_buffer_iter *iter)
>  	iter->head = 0;
>  }
>  
> +/* Slow path, do not inline */
> +static noinline struct ring_buffer_event *
> +rb_add_time_stamp(struct ring_buffer_event *event, u64 delta)
> +{
> +	event->type_len = RINGBUF_TYPE_TIME_EXTEND;
> +
> +	/* Not the first event on the page? */
> +	if (rb_event_index(event)) {
> +		event->time_delta = delta & TS_MASK;
> +		event->array[0] = delta >> TS_SHIFT;
> +	} else {
> +		/* nope, just zero it */
> +		event->time_delta = 0;
> +		event->array[0] = 0;
> +	}
> +
> +	return skip_time_extend(event);
> +}
> +
>  /**
>   * ring_buffer_update_event - update event type and data
>   * @event: the even to update
> @@ -1558,28 +1621,31 @@ static void rb_inc_iter(struct ring_buffer_iter *iter)
>   * data field.
>   */
>  static void
> -rb_update_event(struct ring_buffer_event *event,
> -			 unsigned type, unsigned length)
> +rb_update_event(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer,
> +		struct ring_buffer_event *event, unsigned length,
> +		int add_timestamp, u64 delta)
>  {
> -	event->type_len = type;
> -
> -	switch (type) {
> -
> -	case RINGBUF_TYPE_PADDING:
> -	case RINGBUF_TYPE_TIME_EXTEND:
> -	case RINGBUF_TYPE_TIME_STAMP:
> -		break;
> +	/* Only a commit updates the timestamp */
> +	if (unlikely(!rb_event_is_commit(cpu_buffer, event)))
> +		delta = 0;
>  
> -	case 0:
> -		length -= RB_EVNT_HDR_SIZE;
> -		if (length > RB_MAX_SMALL_DATA || RB_FORCE_8BYTE_ALIGNMENT)
> -			event->array[0] = length;
> -		else
> -			event->type_len = DIV_ROUND_UP(length, RB_ALIGNMENT);
> -		break;
> -	default:
> -		BUG();
> +	/*
> +	 * If we need to add a timestamp, then we
> +	 * add it to the start of the resevered space.
> +	 */
> +	if (unlikely(add_timestamp)) {
> +		event = rb_add_time_stamp(event, delta);
> +		length -= RB_LEN_TIME_EXTEND;
> +		delta = 0;
>  	}
> +
> +	event->time_delta = delta;
> +	length -= RB_EVNT_HDR_SIZE;
> +	if (length > RB_MAX_SMALL_DATA || RB_FORCE_8BYTE_ALIGNMENT) {
> +		event->type_len = 0;
> +		event->array[0] = length;
> +	} else
> +		event->type_len = DIV_ROUND_UP(length, RB_ALIGNMENT);
>  }
>  
>  /*
> @@ -1829,7 +1895,7 @@ rb_reset_tail(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer,
>  static noinline struct ring_buffer_event *
>  rb_move_tail(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer,
>  	     unsigned long length, unsigned long tail,
> -	     struct buffer_page *tail_page, u64 *ts)
> +	     struct buffer_page *tail_page, u64 ts)
>  {
>  	struct buffer_page *commit_page = cpu_buffer->commit_page;
>  	struct ring_buffer *buffer = cpu_buffer->buffer;
> @@ -1912,8 +1978,8 @@ rb_move_tail(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer,
>  		 * Nested commits always have zero deltas, so
>  		 * just reread the time stamp
>  		 */
> -		*ts = rb_time_stamp(buffer);
> -		next_page->page->time_stamp = *ts;
> +		ts = rb_time_stamp(buffer);
> +		next_page->page->time_stamp = ts;
>  	}
>  
>   out_again:
> @@ -1932,12 +1998,21 @@ rb_move_tail(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer,
>  
>  static struct ring_buffer_event *
>  __rb_reserve_next(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer,
> -		  unsigned type, unsigned long length, u64 *ts)
> +		  unsigned long length, u64 ts,
> +		  u64 delta, int add_timestamp)
>  {
>  	struct buffer_page *tail_page;
>  	struct ring_buffer_event *event;
>  	unsigned long tail, write;
>  
> +	/*
> +	 * If the time delta since the last event is too big to
> +	 * hold in the time field of the event, then we append a
> +	 * TIME EXTEND event ahead of the data event.
> +	 */
> +	if (unlikely(add_timestamp))
> +		length += RB_LEN_TIME_EXTEND;
> +
>  	tail_page = cpu_buffer->tail_page;
>  	write = local_add_return(length, &tail_page->write);
>  
> @@ -1954,18 +2029,16 @@ __rb_reserve_next(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer,
>  
>  	event = __rb_page_index(tail_page, tail);
>  	kmemcheck_annotate_bitfield(event, bitfield);
> -	rb_update_event(event, type, length);
> +	rb_update_event(cpu_buffer, event, length, add_timestamp, delta);
>  
> -	/* The passed in type is zero for DATA */
> -	if (likely(!type))
> -		local_inc(&tail_page->entries);
> +	local_inc(&tail_page->entries);
>  
>  	/*
>  	 * If this is the first commit on the page, then update
>  	 * its timestamp.
>  	 */
>  	if (!tail)
> -		tail_page->page->time_stamp = *ts;
> +		tail_page->page->time_stamp = ts;
>  
>  	return event;
>  }
> @@ -1980,7 +2053,7 @@ rb_try_to_discard(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer,
>  	unsigned long addr;
>  
>  	new_index = rb_event_index(event);
> -	old_index = new_index + rb_event_length(event);
> +	old_index = new_index + rb_event_ts_length(event);
>  	addr = (unsigned long)event;
>  	addr &= PAGE_MASK;
>  
> @@ -2006,69 +2079,6 @@ rb_try_to_discard(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer,
>  	return 0;
>  }
>  
> -static int
> -rb_add_time_stamp(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer,
> -		  u64 *ts, u64 *delta)
> -{
> -	struct ring_buffer_event *event;
> -	int ret;
> -
> -	WARN_ONCE(*delta > (1ULL << 59),
> -		  KERN_WARNING "Delta way too big! %llu ts=%llu write stamp = %llu\n",
> -		  (unsigned long long)*delta,
> -		  (unsigned long long)*ts,
> -		  (unsigned long long)cpu_buffer->write_stamp);
> -
> -	/*
> -	 * The delta is too big, we to add a
> -	 * new timestamp.
> -	 */
> -	event = __rb_reserve_next(cpu_buffer,
> -				  RINGBUF_TYPE_TIME_EXTEND,
> -				  RB_LEN_TIME_EXTEND,
> -				  ts);
> -	if (!event)
> -		return -EBUSY;
> -
> -	if (PTR_ERR(event) == -EAGAIN)
> -		return -EAGAIN;
> -
> -	/* Only a commited time event can update the write stamp */
> -	if (rb_event_is_commit(cpu_buffer, event)) {
> -		/*
> -		 * If this is the first on the page, then it was
> -		 * updated with the page itself. Try to discard it
> -		 * and if we can't just make it zero.
> -		 */
> -		if (rb_event_index(event)) {
> -			event->time_delta = *delta & TS_MASK;
> -			event->array[0] = *delta >> TS_SHIFT;
> -		} else {
> -			/* try to discard, since we do not need this */
> -			if (!rb_try_to_discard(cpu_buffer, event)) {
> -				/* nope, just zero it */
> -				event->time_delta = 0;
> -				event->array[0] = 0;
> -			}
> -		}
> -		cpu_buffer->write_stamp = *ts;
> -		/* let the caller know this was the commit */
> -		ret = 1;
> -	} else {
> -		/* Try to discard the event */
> -		if (!rb_try_to_discard(cpu_buffer, event)) {
> -			/* Darn, this is just wasted space */
> -			event->time_delta = 0;
> -			event->array[0] = 0;
> -		}
> -		ret = 0;
> -	}
> -
> -	*delta = 0;
> -
> -	return ret;
> -}
> -
>  static void rb_start_commit(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer)
>  {
>  	local_inc(&cpu_buffer->committing);
> @@ -2113,9 +2123,9 @@ rb_reserve_next_event(struct ring_buffer *buffer,
>  		      unsigned long length)
>  {
>  	struct ring_buffer_event *event;
> -	u64 ts, delta = 0;
> -	int commit = 0;
> +	u64 ts, delta;
>  	int nr_loops = 0;
> +	int add_timestamp;
>  
>  	rb_start_commit(cpu_buffer);
>  
> @@ -2136,6 +2146,9 @@ rb_reserve_next_event(struct ring_buffer *buffer,
>  
>  	length = rb_calculate_event_length(length);
>   again:
> +	add_timestamp = 0;
> +	delta = 0;
> +
>  	/*
>  	 * We allow for interrupts to reenter here and do a trace.
>  	 * If one does, it will cause this original code to loop
> @@ -2174,31 +2187,24 @@ rb_reserve_next_event(struct ring_buffer *buffer,
>  
>  		delta = diff;
>  		if (unlikely(test_time_stamp(delta))) {
> -
> -			commit = rb_add_time_stamp(cpu_buffer, &ts, &delta);
> -			if (commit == -EBUSY)
> -				goto out_fail;
> -
> -			if (commit == -EAGAIN)
> -				goto again;
> -
> -			RB_WARN_ON(cpu_buffer, commit < 0);
> +			WARN_ONCE(delta > (1ULL << 59),
> +				  KERN_WARNING "Delta way too big! %llu ts=%llu write stamp = %llu\n",
> +				  (unsigned long long)delta,
> +				  (unsigned long long)ts,
> +				  (unsigned long long)cpu_buffer->write_stamp);
> +			add_timestamp = 1;
>  		}
>  	}
>  
>   get_event:
> -	event = __rb_reserve_next(cpu_buffer, 0, length, &ts);
> +	event = __rb_reserve_next(cpu_buffer, length, ts,
> +				  delta, add_timestamp);
>  	if (unlikely(PTR_ERR(event) == -EAGAIN))
>  		goto again;
>  
>  	if (!event)
>  		goto out_fail;
>  
> -	if (!rb_event_is_commit(cpu_buffer, event))
> -		delta = 0;
> -
> -	event->time_delta = delta;
> -
>  	return event;
>  
>   out_fail:
> @@ -2311,12 +2317,28 @@ static void
>  rb_update_write_stamp(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer,
>  		      struct ring_buffer_event *event)
>  {
> +	u64 delta;
> +
>  	/*
>  	 * The event first in the commit queue updates the
>  	 * time stamp.
>  	 */
> -	if (rb_event_is_commit(cpu_buffer, event))
> -		cpu_buffer->write_stamp += event->time_delta;
> +	if (rb_event_is_commit(cpu_buffer, event)) {
> +		/*
> +		 * A commit event that is first on a page
> +		 * updates the write timestamp with the page stamp
> +		 */
> +		if (!rb_event_index(event))
> +			cpu_buffer->write_stamp =
> +				cpu_buffer->commit_page->page->time_stamp;
> +		else if (event->type_len == RINGBUF_TYPE_TIME_EXTEND) {
> +			delta = event->array[0];
> +			delta <<= TS_SHIFT;
> +			delta += event->time_delta;
> +			cpu_buffer->write_stamp += delta;
> +		} else
> +			cpu_buffer->write_stamp += event->time_delta;
> +	}
>  }
>  
>  static void rb_commit(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer,
> @@ -2356,6 +2378,9 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(ring_buffer_unlock_commit);
>  
>  static inline void rb_event_discard(struct ring_buffer_event *event)
>  {
> +	if (event->type_len == RINGBUF_TYPE_TIME_EXTEND)
> +		event = skip_time_extend(event);
> +
>  	/* array[0] holds the actual length for the discarded event */
>  	event->array[0] = rb_event_data_length(event) - RB_EVNT_HDR_SIZE;
>  	event->type_len = RINGBUF_TYPE_PADDING;
> @@ -2982,7 +3007,7 @@ static void rb_advance_reader(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer)
>  
>  	rb_update_read_stamp(cpu_buffer, event);
>  
> -	length = rb_event_length(event);
> +	length = rb_event_real_length(event);
>  	cpu_buffer->reader_page->read += length;
>  }
>  
> @@ -3007,7 +3032,7 @@ static void rb_advance_iter(struct ring_buffer_iter *iter)
>  
>  	event = rb_iter_head_event(iter);
>  
> -	length = rb_event_length(event);
> +	length = rb_event_real_length(event);
>  
>  	/*
>  	 * This should not be called to advance the header if we are
> @@ -3043,12 +3068,12 @@ rb_buffer_peek(struct ring_buffer_per_cpu *cpu_buffer, u64 *ts,
>  
>   again:
>  	/*
> -	 * We repeat when a timestamp is encountered. It is possible
> -	 * to get multiple timestamps from an interrupt entering just
> -	 * as one timestamp is about to be written, or from discarded
> -	 * commits. The most that we can have is the number on a single page.
> +	 * We repeat when a time extend is encountered.
> +	 * Since the time extend is always attached to a data event,
> +	 * we should never loop more than once.
> +	 * (We never hit the following condition more than twice).
>  	 */
> -	if (RB_WARN_ON(cpu_buffer, ++nr_loops > RB_TIMESTAMPS_PER_PAGE))
> +	if (RB_WARN_ON(cpu_buffer, ++nr_loops > 2))
>  		return NULL;
>  
>  	reader = rb_get_reader_page(cpu_buffer);
> @@ -3124,14 +3149,12 @@ rb_iter_peek(struct ring_buffer_iter *iter, u64 *ts)
>  		return NULL;
>  
>  	/*
> -	 * We repeat when a timestamp is encountered.
> -	 * We can get multiple timestamps by nested interrupts or also
> -	 * if filtering is on (discarding commits). Since discarding
> -	 * commits can be frequent we can get a lot of timestamps.
> -	 * But we limit them by not adding timestamps if they begin
> -	 * at the start of a page.
> +	 * We repeat when a time extend is encountered.
> +	 * Since the time extend is always attached to a data event,
> +	 * we should never loop more than once.
> +	 * (We never hit the following condition more than twice).
>  	 */
> -	if (RB_WARN_ON(cpu_buffer, ++nr_loops > RB_TIMESTAMPS_PER_PAGE))
> +	if (RB_WARN_ON(cpu_buffer, ++nr_loops > 2))
>  		return NULL;
>  
>  	if (rb_per_cpu_empty(cpu_buffer))
> @@ -3829,7 +3852,8 @@ int ring_buffer_read_page(struct ring_buffer *buffer,
>  		if (len > (commit - read))
>  			len = (commit - read);
>  
> -		size = rb_event_length(event);
> +		/* Always keep the time extend and data together */
> +		size = rb_event_ts_length(event);
>  
>  		if (len < size)
>  			goto out_unlock;
> @@ -3851,7 +3875,8 @@ int ring_buffer_read_page(struct ring_buffer *buffer,
>  				break;
>  
>  			event = rb_reader_event(cpu_buffer);
> -			size = rb_event_length(event);
> +			/* Always keep the time extend and data together */
> +			size = rb_event_ts_length(event);
>  		} while (len > size);
>  
>  		/* update bpage */
> -- 
> 1.7.1
> 
> 
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