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Message-id: <alpine.LFD.2.00.1011232353440.20657@x980>
Date: Tue, 23 Nov 2010 23:58:22 -0500 (EST)
From: Len Brown <lenb@...nel.org>
To: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...e.de>
Cc: linux-pm@...ts.linux-foundation.org, x86@...nel.org,
linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: [PATCH v3] tools: create power/x86/turbostat
turbostat is a tool to help verify proper operation of CPU idle power saving
states, processor performance states, and turbo-mode on modern x86 processors.
Signed-off-by: Len Brown <len.brown@...el.com>
---
v3:
Move source comments to a man page
Allow operation on AMD
Add support for new counters in Sandy Bridge
tools/power/x86/turbostat/Makefile | 8 +
tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.8 | 172 ++++++
tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.c | 1047 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
3 files changed, 1227 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
diff --git a/tools/power/x86/turbostat/Makefile b/tools/power/x86/turbostat/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fd8e1f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/power/x86/turbostat/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+turbostat : turbostat.c
+
+clean :
+ rm -f turbostat
+
+install :
+ install turbostat /usr/bin/turbostat
+ install turbostat.8 /usr/share/man/man8
diff --git a/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.8 b/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.8
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ff75125
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.8
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+.TH TURBOSTAT 8
+.SH NAME
+turbostat \- Report processor frequency and idle statistics
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.ft B
+.B turbostat
+.RB [ "\-v" ]
+.RB [ "\-M MSR#" ]
+.RB command
+.br
+.B turbostat
+.RB [ "\-v" ]
+.RB [ "\-M MSR#" ]
+.RB [ "\-i interval_sec" ]
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+\fBturbostat \fP reports processor topology, frequency
+and idle power state statistics on modern X86 processors.
+Either \fBcommand\fP is forked and statistics are printed
+upon its completion, or statistics are printed periodically.
+
+\fBturbostat \fP
+requires that the processor
+supports an "invariant" TSC, plus the APERF and MPERF MSRs.
+\fBturbostat \fP will report idle cpu power state residency
+on processors that additionally support C-state residency counters.
+
+.SS Options
+The \fB-v\fP option increases verbosity.
+.PP
+The \fB-M MSR#\fP option dumps the specified MSR,
+in addition to the usual frequency and idle statistics.
+.PP
+The \fB-i interval_sec\fP option prints statistics every \fiinterval_sec\fP seconds.
+The default is 5 seconds.
+.PP
+The \fBcommand\fP parameter forks \fBcommand\fP and upon its exit,
+displays the statistics gathered since it was forked.
+.PP
+.SH FIELD DESCRIPTIONS
+.nf
+\fBpkg\fP processor package number.
+\fBcore\fP processor core number.
+\fBCPU\fP Linux CPU (logical processor) number.
+\fB%c0\fP percent of the interval that the CPU retired instructions.
+\fBGHz\fP average clock rate while the CPU was in c0 state.
+\fBTSC\fP average GHz that the TSC ran during the entire interval.
+\fB%c1, %c3, %c6\fP show the percentage residency in hardware core idle states.
+\fB%pc3, %pc6\fP percentage residency in hardware package idle states.
+.fi
+.PP
+.SH EXAMPLE
+Without any parameters, turbostat prints out counters ever 5 seconds.
+(override interval with "-i sec" option, or specify a command
+for turbostat to fork).
+
+The first row of statistics reflect the average for the entire system.
+Subsequent rows show per-CPU statistics.
+
+.nf
+[root@...0]# ./turbostat
+core CPU %c0 GHz TSC %c1 %c3 %c6 %pc3 %pc6
+ 0.04 1.62 3.38 0.11 0.00 99.85 0.00 95.07
+ 0 0 0.04 1.62 3.38 0.06 0.00 99.90 0.00 95.07
+ 0 6 0.02 1.62 3.38 0.08 0.00 99.90 0.00 95.07
+ 1 2 0.10 1.62 3.38 0.29 0.00 99.61 0.00 95.07
+ 1 8 0.11 1.62 3.38 0.28 0.00 99.61 0.00 95.07
+ 2 4 0.01 1.62 3.38 0.01 0.00 99.98 0.00 95.07
+ 2 10 0.01 1.61 3.38 0.02 0.00 99.98 0.00 95.07
+ 8 1 0.07 1.62 3.38 0.15 0.00 99.78 0.00 95.07
+ 8 7 0.03 1.62 3.38 0.19 0.00 99.78 0.00 95.07
+ 9 3 0.01 1.62 3.38 0.02 0.00 99.98 0.00 95.07
+ 9 9 0.01 1.62 3.38 0.02 0.00 99.98 0.00 95.07
+ 10 5 0.01 1.62 3.38 0.13 0.00 99.86 0.00 95.07
+ 10 11 0.08 1.62 3.38 0.05 0.00 99.86 0.00 95.07
+.fi
+.SH VERBOSE EXAMPLE
+The "-v" option adds verbosity to the output:
+
+.nf
+GenuineIntel 11 CPUID levels; family:model:stepping 0x6:2c:2 (6:44:2)
+12 * 133 = 1600 MHz max efficiency
+25 * 133 = 3333 MHz TSC frequency
+26 * 133 = 3467 MHz max turbo 4 active cores
+26 * 133 = 3467 MHz max turbo 3 active cores
+27 * 133 = 3600 MHz max turbo 2 active cores
+27 * 133 = 3600 MHz max turbo 1 active cores
+
+.fi
+The \fBmax efficiency\fP frequency, a.k.a. Low Frequency Mode, is the frequency
+available at the minimum package voltage. The \fBTSC frequency\fP is the nominal
+maximum frequency of the processor if turbo-mode were not available. This frequency
+should be sustainable on all CPUs indefinitely, given nominal power and cooling.
+The remaining rows show what maximum turbo frequency is possible
+depending on the number of idle cores. Note that this information is
+not available on all processors.
+.SH FORK EXAMPLE
+If turbostat is invoked with a command, it will fork that command
+and output the statistics gathered when the command exits.
+eg. Here a cycle soaker is run on 1 CPU (see %c0) for a few seconds
+until ^C while the other CPUs are mostly idle:
+
+.nf
+[root@...0 lenb]# ./turbostat cat /dev/zero > /dev/null
+
+^Ccore CPU %c0 GHz TSC %c1 %c3 %c6 %pc3 %pc6
+ 8.49 3.63 3.38 16.23 0.66 74.63 0.00 0.00
+ 0 0 1.22 3.62 3.38 32.18 0.00 66.60 0.00 0.00
+ 0 6 0.40 3.61 3.38 33.00 0.00 66.60 0.00 0.00
+ 1 2 0.11 3.14 3.38 0.19 3.95 95.75 0.00 0.00
+ 1 8 0.05 2.88 3.38 0.25 3.95 95.75 0.00 0.00
+ 2 4 0.00 3.13 3.38 0.02 0.00 99.98 0.00 0.00
+ 2 10 0.00 3.09 3.38 0.02 0.00 99.98 0.00 0.00
+ 8 1 0.04 3.50 3.38 14.43 0.00 85.54 0.00 0.00
+ 8 7 0.03 2.98 3.38 14.43 0.00 85.54 0.00 0.00
+ 9 3 0.00 3.16 3.38 100.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
+ 9 9 99.93 3.63 3.38 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
+ 10 5 0.01 2.82 3.38 0.08 0.00 99.91 0.00 0.00
+ 10 11 0.02 3.36 3.38 0.06 0.00 99.91 0.00 0.00
+6.950866 sec
+
+.fi
+Above the cycle soaker drives cpu9 up 3.6 Ghz turbo limit
+while the other processors are generally in various states of idle.
+
+Note that cpu3 is an HT sibling sharing core9
+with cpu9, and thus it is unable to get to an idle state
+deeper than c1 while cpu9 is busy.
+
+Note that turbostat reports average GHz of 3.61, while
+the arithmetic average of the GHz column above is 3.24.
+This is a weighted average, where the weight is %c0. ie. it is the total number of
+un-halted cycles elapsed per time divided by the number of CPUs.
+.SH NOTES
+
+.B "turbostat "
+must be run as root.
+
+.B "turbostat "
+reads hardware counters, but doesn't write them.
+So it will not interfere with the OS or other programs, including
+multiple invocations of itself.
+
+\fBturbostat \fP
+may work poorly on Linux-2.6.20 through 2.6.29,
+as \fBacpi-cpufreq \fPperiodically cleared the APERF and MPERF
+in those kernels.
+
+The APERF, MPERF MSRs are defined to count non-halted cycles.
+Although it is not guaranteed by the architecture, turbostat assumes
+that they count at TSC rate, which is true on all processors tested to date.
+
+.SH REFERENCES
+"Intel® Turbo Boost Technology
+in Intel® Core™ Microarchitecture (Nehalem) Based Processors"
+http://download.intel.com/design/processor/applnots/320354.pdf
+
+"Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer's Manual
+Volume 3B: System Programming Guide"
+http://www.intel.com/products/processor/manuals/
+
+.SH FILES
+.ta
+.nf
+/dev/cpu/*/msr
+.fi
+
+.SH "SEE ALSO"
+msr(4), vmstat(8)
+.PP
+.SH AUTHORS
+.nf
+Written by Len Brown <len.brown@...el.com>
diff --git a/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.c b/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8001b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/power/x86/turbostat/turbostat.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1047 @@
+/*
+ * turbostat -- show CPU frequency and C-state residency
+ * on modern Intel turbo-capable processors.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2010, Intel Corporation.
+ * Len Brown <len.brown@...el.com>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+ * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+ * 51 Franklin St - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/resource.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <dirent.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+
+#define MSR_TSC 0x10
+#define MSR_NEHALEM_PLATFORM_INFO 0xCE
+#define MSR_NEHALEM_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT 0x1AD
+#define MSR_APERF 0xE8
+#define MSR_MPERF 0xE7
+#define MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY 0x60D /* SNB only */
+#define MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY 0x3F8
+#define MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY 0x3F9
+#define MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY 0x3FA /* SNB only */
+#define MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY 0x3FC
+#define MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY 0x3FD
+#define MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY 0x3FE /* SNB only */
+
+char *proc_stat = "/proc/stat";
+unsigned int interval_sec = 5; /* set with -i interval_sec */
+unsigned int verbose; /* set with -v */
+unsigned int skip_c0;
+unsigned int skip_c1;
+unsigned int do_nhm_cstates;
+unsigned int do_snb_cstates;
+unsigned int has_aperf;
+unsigned int units = 1000000000; /* Ghz etc */
+unsigned int genuine_intel;
+unsigned int has_invariant_tsc;
+unsigned int do_nehalem_platform_info;
+unsigned int do_nehalem_turbo_ratio_limit;
+unsigned int extra_msr_offset;
+double bclk;
+unsigned int show_pkg;
+unsigned int show_core;
+unsigned int show_cpu;
+
+int aperf_mperf_unstable;
+int backwards_count;
+char *progname;
+int need_reinitialize;
+
+int num_cpus;
+
+typedef struct per_cpu_counters {
+ unsigned long long tsc; /* per thread */
+ unsigned long long aperf; /* per thread */
+ unsigned long long mperf; /* per thread */
+ unsigned long long c1; /* per thread (calculated) */
+ unsigned long long c3; /* per core */
+ unsigned long long c6; /* per core */
+ unsigned long long c7; /* per core */
+ unsigned long long pc2; /* per package */
+ unsigned long long pc3; /* per package */
+ unsigned long long pc6; /* per package */
+ unsigned long long pc7; /* per package */
+ unsigned long long extra_msr; /* per thread */
+ int pkg;
+ int core;
+ int cpu;
+ struct per_cpu_counters *next;
+} PCC;
+
+PCC *pcc_even;
+PCC *pcc_odd;
+PCC *pcc_delta;
+PCC *pcc_average;
+struct timeval tv_even;
+struct timeval tv_odd;
+struct timeval tv_delta;
+
+unsigned long long get_msr(int cpu, off_t offset)
+{
+ ssize_t retval;
+ unsigned long long msr;
+ char pathname[32];
+ int fd;
+
+ sprintf(pathname, "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", cpu);
+ fd = open(pathname, O_RDONLY);
+ if (fd < 0) {
+ perror(pathname);
+ need_reinitialize = 1;
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ retval = pread(fd, &msr, sizeof msr, offset);
+ if (retval != sizeof msr) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d pread(..., 0x%zx) = %jd\n",
+ cpu, offset, retval);
+ exit(-2);
+ }
+
+ close(fd);
+ return msr;
+}
+
+void print_header()
+{
+ if (show_pkg)
+ fprintf(stderr, "pkg ");
+ if (show_core)
+ fprintf(stderr, "core");
+ if (show_cpu)
+ fprintf(stderr, " CPU");
+ if (do_nhm_cstates)
+ fprintf(stderr, " %%c0 ");
+ if (has_aperf)
+ fprintf(stderr, " GHz");
+ fprintf(stderr, " TSC");
+ if (do_nhm_cstates)
+ fprintf(stderr, " %%c1 ");
+ if (do_nhm_cstates)
+ fprintf(stderr, " %%c3 ");
+ if (do_nhm_cstates)
+ fprintf(stderr, " %%c6 ");
+ if (do_snb_cstates)
+ fprintf(stderr, " %%c7 ");
+ if (do_snb_cstates)
+ fprintf(stderr, " %%pc2 ");
+ if (do_nhm_cstates)
+ fprintf(stderr, " %%pc3 ");
+ if (do_nhm_cstates)
+ fprintf(stderr, " %%pc6 ");
+ if (do_snb_cstates)
+ fprintf(stderr, " %%pc7 ");
+ if (extra_msr_offset)
+ fprintf(stderr, " MSR 0x%x ", extra_msr_offset);
+
+ putc('\n', stderr);
+}
+
+void dump_pcc(PCC *pcc)
+{
+ fprintf(stderr, "package: %d ", pcc->pkg);
+ fprintf(stderr, "core:: %d ", pcc->core);
+ fprintf(stderr, "CPU: %d ", pcc->cpu);
+ fprintf(stderr, "TSC: %016llX\n", pcc->tsc);
+ fprintf(stderr, "c3: %016llX\n", pcc->c3);
+ fprintf(stderr, "c6: %016llX\n", pcc->c6);
+ fprintf(stderr, "c7: %016llX\n", pcc->c7);
+ fprintf(stderr, "aperf: %016llX\n", pcc->aperf);
+ fprintf(stderr, "pc2: %016llX\n", pcc->pc2);
+ fprintf(stderr, "pc3: %016llX\n", pcc->pc3);
+ fprintf(stderr, "pc6: %016llX\n", pcc->pc6);
+ fprintf(stderr, "pc7: %016llX\n", pcc->pc7);
+ fprintf(stderr, "msr0x%x: %016llX\n", extra_msr_offset, pcc->extra_msr);
+}
+
+void dump_list(PCC *pcc)
+{
+ printf("dump_list 0x%p\n", pcc);
+
+ for (; pcc; pcc = pcc->next)
+ dump_pcc(pcc);
+}
+
+void print_pcc(PCC *p)
+{
+ double interval_float;
+
+ interval_float = tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0;
+
+ /* topology columns, print blanks on 1st (average) line */
+ if (p == pcc_average) {
+ if (show_pkg)
+ fprintf(stderr, " ");
+ if (show_core)
+ fprintf(stderr, " ");
+ if (show_cpu)
+ fprintf(stderr, " ");
+ } else {
+ if (show_pkg)
+ fprintf(stderr, "%4d", p->pkg);
+ if (show_core)
+ fprintf(stderr, "%4d", p->core);
+ if (show_cpu)
+ fprintf(stderr, "%4d", p->cpu);
+ }
+
+ /* %c0 */
+ if (do_nhm_cstates) {
+ if (!skip_c0)
+ fprintf(stderr, "%7.2f", 100.0 * p->mperf/p->tsc);
+ else
+ fprintf(stderr, " ****");
+ }
+
+ /* GHz */
+ if (has_aperf) {
+ if (!aperf_mperf_unstable) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "%5.2f",
+ 1.0 * p->tsc / units * p->aperf /
+ p->mperf / interval_float);
+ } else {
+ if (p->aperf > p->tsc || p->mperf > p->tsc) {
+ fprintf(stderr, " ****");
+ } else {
+ fprintf(stderr, "%4.1f*",
+ 1.0 * p->tsc /
+ units * p->aperf /
+ p->mperf / interval_float);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* TSC */
+ fprintf(stderr, "%5.2f", 1.0 * p->tsc/units/interval_float);
+
+ if (do_nhm_cstates) {
+ if (!skip_c1)
+ fprintf(stderr, "%7.2f", 100.0 * p->c1/p->tsc);
+ else
+ fprintf(stderr, " ****");
+ }
+ if (do_nhm_cstates)
+ fprintf(stderr, "%7.2f", 100.0 * p->c3/p->tsc);
+ if (do_nhm_cstates)
+ fprintf(stderr, "%7.2f", 100.0 * p->c6/p->tsc);
+ if (do_snb_cstates)
+ fprintf(stderr, "%7.2f", 100.0 * p->c7/p->tsc);
+ if (do_snb_cstates)
+ fprintf(stderr, "%7.2f", 100.0 * p->pc2/p->tsc);
+ if (do_nhm_cstates)
+ fprintf(stderr, "%7.2f", 100.0 * p->pc3/p->tsc);
+ if (do_nhm_cstates)
+ fprintf(stderr, "%7.2f", 100.0 * p->pc6/p->tsc);
+ if (do_snb_cstates)
+ fprintf(stderr, "%7.2f", 100.0 * p->pc7/p->tsc);
+ if (extra_msr_offset)
+ fprintf(stderr, " 0x%016llx", p->extra_msr);
+ putc('\n', stderr);
+}
+
+void print_counters(PCC *cnt)
+{
+ PCC *pcc;
+
+ print_header();
+
+ if (num_cpus > 1)
+ print_pcc(pcc_average);
+
+ for (pcc = cnt; pcc != NULL; pcc = pcc->next)
+ print_pcc(pcc);
+
+}
+
+#define SUBTRACT_COUNTER(after, before, delta) (delta = (after - before), (before > after))
+
+
+int compute_delta(PCC *after, PCC *before, PCC *delta)
+{
+ int errors = 0;
+ int perf_err = 0;
+
+ skip_c0 = skip_c1 = 0;
+
+ for ( ; after && before && delta;
+ after = after->next, before = before->next, delta = delta->next) {
+ if (before->cpu != after->cpu) {
+ printf("cpu configuration changed: %d != %d\n",
+ before->cpu, after->cpu);
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ if (SUBTRACT_COUNTER(after->tsc, before->tsc, delta->tsc)) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d TSC went backwards %llX to %llX\n",
+ before->cpu, before->tsc, after->tsc);
+ errors++;
+ }
+ /* check for TSC < 1 Mcycles over interval */
+ if (delta->tsc < (1000 * 1000)) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Insanely slow TSC rate,"
+ " TSC stops in idle?\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "You can disable all c-states"
+ " by booting with \"idle=poll\"\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "or just the deep ones with"
+ " \"processor.max_cstate=1\"\n");
+ exit(-3);
+ }
+ if (SUBTRACT_COUNTER(after->c3, before->c3, delta->c3)) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d c3 counter went backwards %llX to %llX\n",
+ before->cpu, before->c3, after->c3);
+ errors++;
+ }
+ if (SUBTRACT_COUNTER(after->c6, before->c6, delta->c6)) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d c6 counter went backwards %llX to %llX\n",
+ before->cpu, before->c6, after->c6);
+ errors++;
+ }
+ if (SUBTRACT_COUNTER(after->c7, before->c7, delta->c7)) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d c7 counter went backwards %llX to %llX\n",
+ before->cpu, before->c7, after->c7);
+ errors++;
+ }
+ if (SUBTRACT_COUNTER(after->pc2, before->pc2, delta->pc2)) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d pc2 counter went backwards %llX to %llX\n",
+ before->cpu, before->pc2, after->pc2);
+ errors++;
+ }
+ if (SUBTRACT_COUNTER(after->pc3, before->pc3, delta->pc3)) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d pc3 counter went backwards %llX to %llX\n",
+ before->cpu, before->pc3, after->pc3);
+ errors++;
+ }
+ if (SUBTRACT_COUNTER(after->pc6, before->pc6, delta->pc6)) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d pc6 counter went backwards %llX to %llX\n",
+ before->cpu, before->pc6, after->pc6);
+ errors++;
+ }
+ if (SUBTRACT_COUNTER(after->pc7, before->pc7, delta->pc7)) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d pc7 counter went backwards %llX to %llX\n",
+ before->cpu, before->pc7, after->pc7);
+ errors++;
+ }
+
+ perf_err = SUBTRACT_COUNTER(after->aperf, before->aperf, delta->aperf);
+ if (perf_err) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d aperf counter went backwards %llX to %llX\n",
+ before->cpu, before->aperf, after->aperf);
+ }
+ perf_err |= SUBTRACT_COUNTER(after->mperf, before->mperf, delta->mperf);
+ if (perf_err) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "cpu%d mperf counter went backwards %llX to %llX\n",
+ before->cpu, before->mperf, after->mperf);
+ }
+ if (perf_err) {
+ if (!aperf_mperf_unstable) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "%s: APERF or MPERF went backwards *\n", progname);
+ fprintf(stderr, "* Frequency results do not cover entire interval *\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "* fix this by running Linux-2.6.30 or later *\n");
+
+ aperf_mperf_unstable = 1;
+ }
+ /*
+ * mperf delta is likely a huge "positive" number
+ * can not use it for calculating c0 time
+ */
+ skip_c0 = 1;
+ skip_c1 = 1;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * As mperf and tsc collection are not atomic,
+ * it is possible for mperf's non-halted cycles
+ * to exceed TSC's all cycles: show c1 = 0% in that case.
+ */
+ if (delta->mperf > delta->tsc)
+ delta->c1 = 0;
+ else /* normal case, derive c1 */
+ delta->c1 = delta->tsc - delta->mperf
+ - delta->c3 - delta->c6 - delta->c7;
+
+ if (delta->mperf == 0)
+ delta->mperf = 1; /* divide by 0 protection */
+
+ /*
+ * for "extra msr", just copy the latest w/o subtracting
+ */
+ delta->extra_msr = after->extra_msr;
+ if (errors) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "ERROR cpu%d before:\n", before->cpu);
+ dump_pcc(before);
+ fprintf(stderr, "ERROR cpu%d after:\n", before->cpu);
+ dump_pcc(after);
+ errors = 0;
+ }
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+void compute_average(PCC *delta, PCC *avg)
+{
+ PCC *sum;
+
+ sum = calloc(1, sizeof(PCC));
+ if (sum == NULL) {
+ perror("calloc sum");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+
+ for (; delta; delta = delta->next) {
+ sum->tsc += delta->tsc;
+ sum->c1 += delta->c1;
+ sum->c3 += delta->c3;
+ sum->c6 += delta->c6;
+ sum->c7 += delta->c7;
+ sum->aperf += delta->aperf;
+ sum->mperf += delta->mperf;
+ sum->pc2 += delta->pc2;
+ sum->pc3 += delta->pc3;
+ sum->pc6 += delta->pc6;
+ sum->pc7 += delta->pc7;
+ }
+ avg->tsc = sum->tsc/num_cpus;
+ avg->c1 = sum->c1/num_cpus;
+ avg->c3 = sum->c3/num_cpus;
+ avg->c6 = sum->c6/num_cpus;
+ avg->c7 = sum->c7/num_cpus;
+ avg->aperf = sum->aperf/num_cpus;
+ avg->mperf = sum->mperf/num_cpus;
+ avg->pc2 = sum->pc2/num_cpus;
+ avg->pc3 = sum->pc3/num_cpus;
+ avg->pc6 = sum->pc6/num_cpus;
+ avg->pc7 = sum->pc7/num_cpus;
+
+ free(sum);
+}
+
+void get_counters(PCC *pcc)
+{
+ for ( ; pcc; pcc = pcc->next) {
+ pcc->tsc = get_msr(pcc->cpu, MSR_TSC);
+ if (do_nhm_cstates)
+ pcc->c3 = get_msr(pcc->cpu, MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY);
+ if (do_nhm_cstates)
+ pcc->c6 = get_msr(pcc->cpu, MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY);
+ if (do_snb_cstates)
+ pcc->c7 = get_msr(pcc->cpu, MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY);
+ if (has_aperf)
+ pcc->aperf = get_msr(pcc->cpu, MSR_APERF);
+ if (has_aperf)
+ pcc->mperf = get_msr(pcc->cpu, MSR_MPERF);
+ if (do_snb_cstates)
+ pcc->pc2 = get_msr(pcc->cpu, MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY);
+ if (do_nhm_cstates)
+ pcc->pc3 = get_msr(pcc->cpu, MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY);
+ if (do_nhm_cstates)
+ pcc->pc6 = get_msr(pcc->cpu, MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY);
+ if (do_snb_cstates)
+ pcc->pc7 = get_msr(pcc->cpu, MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY);
+ if (extra_msr_offset)
+ pcc->extra_msr = get_msr(pcc->cpu, extra_msr_offset);
+ }
+}
+
+
+void print_nehalem_info()
+{
+ unsigned long long msr;
+ unsigned int ratio;
+
+ if (!do_nehalem_platform_info)
+ return;
+
+ msr = get_msr(0, MSR_NEHALEM_PLATFORM_INFO);
+
+ ratio = (msr >> 40) & 0xFF;
+ fprintf(stderr, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max efficiency\n",
+ ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
+
+ ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
+ fprintf(stderr, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz TSC frequency\n",
+ ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
+
+ if (verbose > 1)
+ fprintf(stderr, "MSR_NEHALEM_PLATFORM_INFO: 0x%llx\n", msr);
+
+ if (!do_nehalem_turbo_ratio_limit)
+ return;
+
+ msr = get_msr(0, MSR_NEHALEM_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT);
+
+ ratio = (msr >> 24) & 0xFF;
+ if (ratio)
+ fprintf(stderr, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 4 active cores\n",
+ ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
+
+ ratio = (msr >> 16) & 0xFF;
+ if (ratio)
+ fprintf(stderr, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 3 active cores\n",
+ ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
+
+ ratio = (msr >> 8) & 0xFF;
+ if (ratio)
+ fprintf(stderr, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 2 active cores\n",
+ ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
+
+ ratio = (msr >> 0) & 0xFF;
+ if (ratio)
+ fprintf(stderr, "%d * %.0f = %.0f MHz max turbo 1 active cores\n",
+ ratio, bclk, ratio * bclk);
+
+}
+
+void free_counter_list(PCC *list)
+{
+ PCC *p;
+
+ for (p = list; p; ) {
+ PCC *free_me;
+
+ free_me = p;
+ p = p->next;
+ free(free_me);
+ }
+ return;
+}
+
+void free_all_counters(void)
+{
+ free_counter_list(pcc_even);
+ pcc_even = NULL;
+
+ free_counter_list(pcc_odd);
+ pcc_odd = NULL;
+
+ free_counter_list(pcc_delta);
+ pcc_delta = NULL;
+
+ free_counter_list(pcc_average);
+ pcc_average = NULL;
+}
+
+void insert_cpu_counters(PCC **list, PCC *new)
+{
+ PCC *prev;
+
+ /*
+ * list was empty
+ */
+ if (*list == NULL) {
+ new->next = *list;
+ *list = new;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ show_cpu = 1; /* there is more than one CPU */
+
+ /*
+ * insert on front of list.
+ * It is sorted by ascending package#, core#, cpu#
+ */
+ if (((*list)->pkg > new->pkg) ||
+ (((*list)->pkg == new->pkg) && ((*list)->core > new->core)) ||
+ (((*list)->pkg == new->pkg) && ((*list)->core == new->core) && ((*list)->cpu > new->cpu))) {
+ new->next = *list;
+ *list = new;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ prev = *list;
+
+ while (prev->next && (prev->next->pkg < new->pkg)) {
+ prev = prev->next;
+ show_pkg = 1; /* there is more than 1 package */
+ }
+
+ while (prev->next && (prev->next->pkg == new->pkg)
+ && (prev->next->core < new->core)) {
+ prev = prev->next;
+ show_core = 1; /* there is more than 1 core */
+ }
+
+ while (prev->next && (prev->next->pkg == new->pkg)
+ && (prev->next->core == new->core)
+ && (prev->next->cpu < new->cpu)) {
+ prev = prev->next;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * insert after "prev"
+ */
+ new->next = prev->next;
+ prev->next = new;
+
+ return;
+}
+
+void alloc_new_cpu_counters(int pkg, int core, int cpu)
+{
+ PCC *new;
+
+ if (verbose > 1)
+ printf("pkg%d core%d, cpu%d\n", pkg, core, cpu);
+
+ new = (PCC *)calloc(1, sizeof(PCC));
+ if (new == NULL) {
+ perror("calloc");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ new->pkg = pkg;
+ new->core = core;
+ new->cpu = cpu;
+ insert_cpu_counters(&pcc_odd, new);
+
+ new = (PCC *)calloc(1, sizeof(PCC));
+ if (new == NULL) {
+ perror("calloc");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ new->pkg = pkg;
+ new->core = core;
+ new->cpu = cpu;
+ insert_cpu_counters(&pcc_even, new);
+
+ new = (PCC *)calloc(1, sizeof(PCC));
+ if (new == NULL) {
+ perror("calloc");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ new->pkg = pkg;
+ new->core = core;
+ new->cpu = cpu;
+ insert_cpu_counters(&pcc_delta, new);
+
+ new = (PCC *)calloc(1, sizeof(PCC));
+ if (new == NULL) {
+ perror("calloc");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ new->pkg = pkg;
+ new->core = core;
+ new->cpu = cpu;
+ pcc_average = new;
+}
+
+int get_physical_package_id(int cpu)
+{
+ char path[64];
+ FILE *filep;
+ int pkg;
+
+ sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/physical_package_id", cpu);
+ filep = fopen(path, "r");
+ if (filep == NULL) {
+ perror(path);
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ fscanf(filep, "%d", &pkg);
+ fclose(filep);
+ return pkg;
+}
+
+int get_core_id(int cpu)
+{
+ char path[64];
+ FILE *filep;
+ int core;
+
+ sprintf(path, "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu%d/topology/core_id", cpu);
+ filep = fopen(path, "r");
+ if (filep == NULL) {
+ perror(path);
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ fscanf(filep, "%d", &core);
+ fclose(filep);
+ return core;
+}
+
+/*
+ * run func(index, cpu) on every cpu in /proc/stat
+ */
+
+int for_all_cpus(void (func)(int, int, int))
+{
+ FILE *fp;
+ int cpu_count;
+ int retval;
+
+ fp = fopen(proc_stat, "r");
+ if (fp == NULL) {
+ perror(proc_stat);
+ exit(1);
+ }
+
+ retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n");
+ if (retval != 0) {
+ perror("/proc/stat format");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+
+ for (cpu_count = 0; ; cpu_count++) {
+ int cpu;
+
+ retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu%u %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n", &cpu);
+ if (retval != 1)
+ return cpu_count;
+
+ func(get_physical_package_id(cpu), get_core_id(cpu), cpu);
+ }
+ fclose(fp);
+}
+
+void re_initialize(void)
+{
+ printf("turbostat: topology changed, re-initializing.\n");
+ free_all_counters();
+ num_cpus = for_all_cpus(alloc_new_cpu_counters);
+ need_reinitialize = 0;
+ printf("num_cpus is now %d\n", num_cpus);
+}
+
+void dummy(int pkg, int core, int cpu) { return; }
+/*
+ * check to see if a cpu came on-line
+ */
+void verify_num_cpus()
+{
+ int new_num_cpus;
+
+ new_num_cpus = for_all_cpus(dummy);
+
+ if (new_num_cpus != num_cpus) {
+ if (verbose)
+ printf("num_cpus was %d, is now %d\n",
+ num_cpus, new_num_cpus);
+ need_reinitialize = 1;
+ }
+
+ return;
+}
+
+void turbostat_loop()
+{
+restart:
+ get_counters(pcc_even);
+ gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
+
+ while (1) {
+ verify_num_cpus();
+ if (need_reinitialize) {
+ re_initialize();
+ goto restart;
+ }
+ sleep(interval_sec);
+ get_counters(pcc_odd);
+ gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
+
+ compute_delta(pcc_odd, pcc_even, pcc_delta);
+ timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
+ compute_average(pcc_delta, pcc_average);
+ print_counters(pcc_delta);
+ if (need_reinitialize) {
+ re_initialize();
+ goto restart;
+ }
+ sleep(interval_sec);
+ get_counters(pcc_even);
+ gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
+ compute_delta(pcc_even, pcc_odd, pcc_delta);
+ timersub(&tv_even, &tv_odd, &tv_delta);
+ compute_average(pcc_delta, pcc_average);
+ print_counters(pcc_delta);
+ }
+}
+
+void check_dev_msr()
+{
+ struct stat sb;
+
+ if (stat("/dev/cpu/0/msr", &sb)) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "no /dev/cpu/0/msr\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "Try \"# modprobe msr\"\n");
+ exit(-5);
+ }
+}
+
+void check_super_user()
+{
+ if (getuid() != 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "must be root\n");
+ exit(-6);
+ }
+}
+
+int has_nehalem_turbo_ratio_limit(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
+{
+ if (!genuine_intel)
+ return 0;
+
+ if (family != 6)
+ return 0;
+
+ switch (model) {
+ case 0x1A: /* Core i7, Xeon 5500 series - Bloomfield, Gainstown NHM-EP */
+ case 0x1E: /* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Clarksfield, Lynnfield, Jasper Forest */
+ case 0x1F: /* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Nehalem */
+ case 0x25: /* Westmere Client - Clarkdale, Arrandale */
+ case 0x2C: /* Westmere EP - Gulftown */
+ case 0x2A: /* SNB */
+ case 0x2D: /* SNB Xeon */
+ return 1;
+ case 0x2E: /* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
+ case 0x2F: /* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
+ default:
+ return 0;
+ }
+}
+
+int is_snb(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
+{
+ if (!genuine_intel)
+ return 0;
+
+ switch (model) {
+ case 0x2A:
+ case 0x2D:
+ return 1;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+double discover_bclk(unsigned int family, unsigned int model)
+{
+ if (is_snb(family, model))
+ return 100.00;
+ else
+ return 133.33;
+}
+
+void check_cpuid()
+{
+ unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx, max_level;
+ unsigned int fms, family, model, stepping;
+
+ eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
+
+ asm("cpuid" : "=a" (max_level), "=b" (ebx), "=c" (ecx), "=d" (edx) : "a" (0));
+
+ if (ebx == 0x756e6547 && edx == 0x49656e69 && ecx == 0x6c65746e)
+ genuine_intel = 1;
+
+ if (verbose)
+ fprintf(stderr, "%.4s%.4s%.4s ",
+ (char *)&ebx, (char *)&edx, (char *)&ecx);
+
+ asm("cpuid" : "=a" (fms), "=c" (ecx), "=d" (edx) : "a" (1) : "ebx");
+ family = (fms >> 8) & 0xf;
+ model = (fms >> 4) & 0xf;
+ stepping = fms & 0xf;
+ if (family == 6 || family == 0xf)
+ model += ((fms >> 16) & 0xf) << 4;
+
+ if (verbose)
+ fprintf(stderr, "%d CPUID levels; family:model:stepping 0x%x:%x:%x (%d:%d:%d)\n",
+ max_level, family, model, stepping, family, model, stepping);
+
+ if (!(edx & (1 << 5))) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "CPUID: no MSR\n");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * check max extended function levels of CPUID.
+ * This is needed to check for invariant TSC.
+ * This check is valid for both Intel and AMD.
+ */
+ ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
+ asm("cpuid" : "=a" (max_level), "=b" (ebx), "=c" (ecx), "=d" (edx) : "a" (0x80000000));
+
+ if (max_level < 0x80000007) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "CPUID: no invariant TSC (max_level 0x%x)\n", max_level);
+ exit(1);
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Non-Stop TSC is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x80000007: EDX.bit8
+ * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
+ */
+ asm("cpuid" : "=a" (eax), "=b" (ebx), "=c" (ecx), "=d" (edx) : "a" (0x80000007));
+ has_invariant_tsc = edx && (1 << 8);
+
+ if (!has_invariant_tsc) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "No invariant TSC\n");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * APERF/MPERF is advertised by CPUID.EAX=0x6: ECX.bit0
+ * this check is valid for both Intel and AMD
+ */
+
+ asm("cpuid" : "=a" (eax), "=b" (ebx), "=c" (ecx), "=d" (edx) : "a" (0x6));
+ has_aperf = ecx && (1 << 0);
+ if (!has_aperf) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "No APERF MSR\n");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+
+ do_nehalem_platform_info = genuine_intel && has_invariant_tsc;
+ do_nhm_cstates = genuine_intel; /* all Intel w/ non-stop TSC have NHM counters */
+ do_snb_cstates = is_snb(family, model);
+ bclk = discover_bclk(family, model);
+
+ do_nehalem_turbo_ratio_limit = has_nehalem_turbo_ratio_limit(family, model);
+}
+
+
+void usage()
+{
+ fprintf(stderr, "%s: [-v] [-M MSR#] [-i interval_sec | command ...]\n",
+ progname);
+ exit(1);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * in /dev/cpu/ return success for names that are numbers
+ * ie. filter out ".", "..", "microcode".
+ */
+int dir_filter(const struct dirent *dirp)
+{
+ if (isdigit(dirp->d_name[0]))
+ return 1;
+ else
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int open_dev_cpu_msr(int dummy1)
+{
+ return 0;
+}
+
+void turbostat_init()
+{
+ check_cpuid();
+
+ check_dev_msr();
+ check_super_user();
+
+ num_cpus = for_all_cpus(alloc_new_cpu_counters);
+
+ if (verbose)
+ print_nehalem_info();
+}
+
+int fork_it(char **argv)
+{
+ int retval;
+ pid_t child_pid;
+ get_counters(pcc_even);
+ gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
+
+ child_pid = fork();
+ if (!child_pid) {
+ /* child */
+ execvp(argv[0], argv);
+ } else {
+ int status;
+
+ /* parent */
+ if (child_pid == -1) {
+ perror("fork");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+
+ signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
+ signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
+ if (waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0) == -1) {
+ perror("wait");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ }
+ get_counters(pcc_odd);
+ gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
+ retval = compute_delta(pcc_odd, pcc_even, pcc_delta);
+
+ timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
+ compute_average(pcc_delta, pcc_average);
+ if (!retval)
+ print_counters(pcc_delta);
+
+ fprintf(stderr, "%.6f sec\n", tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0);;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+void cmdline(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ int opt;
+
+ progname = argv[0];
+
+ while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "+vi:M:")) != -1) {
+ switch (opt) {
+ case 'v':
+ verbose++;
+ break;
+ case 'i':
+ interval_sec = atoi(optarg);
+ break;
+ case 'M':
+ sscanf(optarg, "%x", &extra_msr_offset);
+ if (verbose > 1)
+ fprintf(stderr, "MSR 0x%X\n", extra_msr_offset);
+ break;
+ default:
+ usage();
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ cmdline(argc, argv);
+
+ if (verbose > 1)
+ fprintf(stderr, "turbostat Nov 16, 2010"
+ " - Len Brown <lenb@...nel.org>\n");
+ if (verbose > 1)
+ fprintf(stderr, "http://userweb.kernel.org/~lenb/acpi/utils/pmtools/turbostat/\n");
+
+ turbostat_init();
+
+ /*
+ * if any params left, it must be a command to fork
+ */
+ if (argc - optind)
+ return fork_it(argv + optind);
+ else
+ turbostat_loop();
+
+ return 0;
+}
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