linux-kernel - [PATCH 2/3] lib: Improve EWMA efficiency by using bitshifts

lists.openwall.net		lists / announce owl-users owl-dev john-users john-dev passwdqc-users yescrypt popa3d-users / oss-security kernel-hardening musl sabotage tlsify passwords / crypt-dev xvendor / Bugtraq Full-Disclosure linux-kernel linux-netdev linux-ext4 linux-hardening linux-cve-announce PHC
Open Source and information security mailing list archives

Hash Suite: Windows password security audit tool. GUI, reports in PDF.

[<prev] [next>] [<thread-prev] [thread-next>] [day] [month] [year] [list]

Date:	Thu, 02 Dec 2010 19:12:36 +0900
From:	Bruno Randolf <br1@...fach.org>
To:	linville@...driver.com
Cc:	randy.dunlap@...cle.com, br1@...nktube.com, peterz@...radead.org,
	blp@...stanford.edu, linux-wireless@...r.kernel.org,
	linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, Lars_Ericsson@...ia.com, j@...fi,
	stefanr@...6.in-berlin.de, kosaki.motohiro@...fujitsu.com,
	akpm@...ux-foundation.org, kevin.granade@...il.com,
	johannes@...solutions.net
Subject: [PATCH 2/3] lib: Improve EWMA efficiency by using bitshifts

Using bitshifts instead of division and multiplication should improve
performance. That requires weight and factor to be powers of two, but i think
this is something we can live with.

Thanks to Peter Zijlstra for the improved formula!

Signed-off-by: Bruno Randolf <br1@...fach.org>
---
 include/linux/average.h |    4 +---
 lib/average.c           |   29 +++++++++++++++++++++--------
 2 files changed, 22 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/average.h b/include/linux/average.h
index 7706e40..c6028fd 100644
--- a/include/linux/average.h
+++ b/include/linux/average.h
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 #ifndef _LINUX_AVERAGE_H
 #define _LINUX_AVERAGE_H
 
-#include <linux/kernel.h>
-
 /* Exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) */
 
 /* For more documentation see lib/average.c */
@@ -26,7 +24,7 @@ extern struct ewma *ewma_add(struct ewma *avg, unsigned long val);
  */
 static inline unsigned long ewma_read(const struct ewma *avg)
 {
-	return DIV_ROUND_CLOSEST(avg->internal, avg->factor);
+	return avg->internal >> avg->factor;
 }
 
 #endif /* _LINUX_AVERAGE_H */
diff --git a/lib/average.c b/lib/average.c
index f1d1b46..f438b40 100644
--- a/lib/average.c
+++ b/lib/average.c
@@ -24,18 +24,31 @@
  * ewma_init() - Initialize EWMA parameters
  * @avg: Average structure
  * @factor: Factor to use for the scaled up internal value. The maximum value
- *	of averages can be ULONG_MAX/(factor*weight).
+ *	of averages can be ULONG_MAX/(factor*weight). For performance reasons
+ *	factor has to be a power of 2.
  * @weight: Exponential weight, or decay rate. This defines how fast the
- *	influence of older values decreases. Has to be bigger than 1.
+ *	influence of older values decreases. For performance reasons weight has
+ *	to be a power of 2.
  *
  * Initialize the EWMA parameters for a given struct ewma @avg.
  */
 void ewma_init(struct ewma *avg, unsigned long factor, unsigned long weight)
 {
-	WARN_ON(weight <= 1 || factor == 0);
+	int n;
+
+	/* get bitshift for weight */
+	for (n = 0; !(weight & 1); n++)
+		weight = weight >> 1;
+	WARN_ON(weight > 1 || n < 1);
+	avg->weight = n;
+
+	/* get bitshift for factor */
+	for (n = 0; !(factor & 1); n++)
+		factor = factor >> 1;
+	WARN_ON(factor > 1);
+	avg->factor = n;
+
 	avg->internal = 0;
-	avg->weight = weight;
-	avg->factor = factor;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ewma_init);
 
@@ -49,9 +62,9 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(ewma_init);
 struct ewma *ewma_add(struct ewma *avg, unsigned long val)
 {
 	avg->internal = avg->internal  ?
-		(((avg->internal * (avg->weight - 1)) +
-			(val * avg->factor)) / avg->weight) :
-		(val * avg->factor);
+		(((avg->internal << avg->weight) - avg->internal) +
+			(val << avg->factor)) >> avg->weight :
+		(val << avg->factor);
 	return avg;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(ewma_add);

--
To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-kernel" in
the body of a message to majordomo@...r.kernel.org
More majordomo info at  http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
Please read the FAQ at  http://www.tux.org/lkml/