linux-kernel - Re: Locking in the clk API, part 2: clk_prepare/clk

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Date:	Fri, 4 Feb 2011 10:48:32 +0000
From:	Russell King - ARM Linux <linux@....linux.org.uk>
To:	Richard Zhao <linuxzsc@...il.com>
Cc:	Stephen Boyd <sboyd@...eaurora.org>,
	Nicolas Pitre <nicolas.pitre@...aro.org>,
	Dima Zavin <dmitriyz@...gle.com>,
	Lorenzo Pieralisi <Lorenzo.Pieralisi@....com>,
	Vincent Guittot <vincent.guittot@...aro.org>,
	linux-sh@...r.kernel.org,
	Ben Herrenschmidt <benh@...nel.crashing.org>,
	Sascha Hauer <s.hauer@...gutronix.de>,
	Paul Mundt <lethal@...ux-sh.org>, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
	Saravana Kannan <skannan@...eaurora.org>,
	Ben Dooks <ben-linux@...ff.org>,
	Uwe Kleine-König 
	<u.kleine-koenig@...gutronix.de>,
	Jeremy Kerr <jeremy.kerr@...onical.com>,
	linux-arm-kernel@...ts.infradead.org
Subject: Re: Locking in the clk API, part 2: clk_prepare/clk_unprepare

On Fri, Feb 04, 2011 at 05:54:24PM +0800, Richard Zhao wrote:
> On Tue, Feb 01, 2011 at 09:24:09PM +0000, Russell King - ARM Linux wrote:
> > You can't catch enable/disable imbalances in the prepare code, and you
> > can't really catch them in the unprepare code either.
> > 
> > Consider two drivers sharing the same struct clk.  When the second driver
> > prepares the clock, the enable count could well be non-zero, caused by
> > the first driver.  Ditto for when the second driver is removed, and it
> > calls unprepare - the enable count may well be non-zero.
> > 
> > The only thing you can check is that when the prepare count is zero,
> > the enable count is also zero.  You can also check in clk_enable() and
> > clk_disable() that the prepare count is non-zero.
>
> but how can we check prepare count without mutex lock? Even if prepare count
> is atomic_t, it can not guarantee the clock is actually prepared or unprepared.
> So it's important for driver writer to maintain the call sequence.

Forget atomic_t - it's the most abused type in the kernel.  Just because
something says its atomic doesn't make it so.  In a use like this,
atomic_t just buys you additional needless complexity with no benefit.

Of course we can check the prepared count.  What we can't do is check
that it doesn't change concurrently - but that's something we can't do
anyway.

int clk_enable(struct clk *clk)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	int ret = 0;

	if (clk) {
		if (WARN_ON(!clk->prepare_count))
			return -EINVAL;

		spin_lock_irqsave(&clk->lock, flags);
		if (clk->enable_count++ == 0)
			ret = clk->ops->enable(clk);
		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&clk->lock, flags);
	}
	return ret;
}

is entirely sufficient to catch the case of a single-use clock not being
prepared before clk_enable() is called.

We're after detecting drivers missing calls to clk_prepare(), we're not
after detecting concurrent calls to clk_prepare()/clk_unprepare().
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