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Date: Thu, 21 Apr 2011 15:28:24 +0200
From: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@...llo.nl>
To: Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@...hat.com>,
Avi Kivity <avi@...hat.com>,
Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
Rik van Riel <riel@...hat.com>, Ingo Molnar <mingo@...e.hu>,
Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>,
linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, linux-arch@...r.kernel.org,
linux-mm@...ck.org,
Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@...nel.crashing.org>,
David Miller <davem@...emloft.net>,
Hugh Dickins <hugh.dickins@...cali.co.uk>,
Mel Gorman <mel@....ul.ie>, Nick Piggin <npiggin@...nel.dk>,
Paul McKenney <paulmck@...ux.vnet.ibm.com>,
Yanmin Zhang <yanmin_zhang@...ux.intel.com>,
Hugh Dickins <hughd@...gle.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH 19/20] mm: Convert anon_vma->lock to a mutex
On Tue, 2011-04-19 at 13:07 -0700, Andrew Morton wrote:
> On Fri, 01 Apr 2011 14:13:17 +0200
> Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@...llo.nl> wrote:
>
> > Straight fwd conversion of anon_vma->lock to a mutex.
>
> What workloads do we expect might be adversely affected by this?
> Were such workloads tested? With what results?
The worst affected workload would be a lightly contended lock, uncontended
mutexes are similarly fast as uncontended spinlocks, highly contended mutexes
win hands down since we waste vastly less resources spinning, leaving
lightly contended.
The below shows a workload tailored to isolate this one lock and is tested with
various numbers of contending tasks ran on a dual socket westmere EP (2*6*2),
the first results are from an unpatched -tip kernel, the second set is with
the patches applied:
48 24 12 6 3
real 2m14.152s 1m7.976s 0m32.607s 0m13.593s 0m5.464s
sys 53m1.628s 27m7.502s 6m30.265s 1m22.047s 0m16.693s
real 1m14.742s 0m34.823s 0m26.320s 0m12.647s 0m4.896s
sys 4m51.984s 2m7.259s 2m11.851s 0m52.916s 0m13.610s
---
[root@...tmere ~]# echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog
[root@...tmere ~]# for i in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_governor ; do echo performance > $i; done
[root@...tmere ~]# time perf stat --repeat 10 ./mmap-merge 48 50000
Performance counter stats for './mmap-merge 48 50000' (10 runs):
4.142580 task-clock-msecs # 0.000 CPUs ( +- 2.738% )
48 context-switches # 0.012 M/sec ( +- 0.000% )
65 CPU-migrations # 0.016 M/sec ( +- 1.357% )
250 page-faults # 0.060 M/sec ( +- 0.040% )
10,918,844 cycles # 2635.759 M/sec ( +- 2.759% )
3,697,498 instructions # 0.339 IPC ( +- 3.023% )
756,868 branches # 182.705 M/sec ( +- 5.291% )
21,012 branch-misses # 2.776 % ( +- 1.964% )
126,172 cache-references # 30.457 M/sec ( +- 1.303% )
53,508 cache-misses # 12.917 M/sec ( +- 2.845% )
13.368707820 seconds time elapsed ( +- 0.572% )
real 2m14.152s
user 0m0.786s
sys 53m1.628s
[root@...tmere ~]# time perf stat --repeat 10 ./mmap-merge 24 50000
Performance counter stats for './mmap-merge 24 50000' (10 runs):
1.766450 task-clock-msecs # 0.000 CPUs ( +- 1.300% )
22 context-switches # 0.012 M/sec ( +- 1.174% )
23 CPU-migrations # 0.013 M/sec ( +- 0.000% )
178 page-faults # 0.101 M/sec ( +- 0.101% )
4,692,314 cycles # 2656.353 M/sec ( +- 1.367% )
1,911,120 instructions # 0.407 IPC ( +- 0.578% )
374,376 branches # 211.937 M/sec ( +- 0.588% )
10,575 branch-misses # 2.825 % ( +- 1.778% )
63,062 cache-references # 35.700 M/sec ( +- 1.400% )
20,580 cache-misses # 11.650 M/sec ( +- 7.064% )
6.795076582 seconds time elapsed ( +- 0.546% )
real 1m7.976s
user 0m0.361s
sys 27m7.502s
[root@...tmere ~]# time perf stat --repeat 10 ./mmap-merge 12 50000
Performance counter stats for './mmap-merge 12 50000' (10 runs):
0.854767 task-clock-msecs # 0.000 CPUs ( +- 1.354% )
11 context-switches # 0.013 M/sec ( +- 3.030% )
12 CPU-migrations # 0.014 M/sec ( +- 0.000% )
142 page-faults # 0.166 M/sec ( +- 0.126% )
2,264,106 cycles # 2648.798 M/sec ( +- 1.285% )
1,138,411 instructions # 0.503 IPC ( +- 0.814% )
217,651 branches # 254.631 M/sec ( +- 0.740% )
6,632 branch-misses # 3.047 % ( +- 1.857% )
34,727 cache-references # 40.628 M/sec ( +- 1.217% )
10,195 cache-misses # 11.927 M/sec ( +- 6.837% )
3.258410151 seconds time elapsed ( +- 0.415% )
real 0m32.607s
user 0m0.222s
sys 6m30.265s
[root@...tmere ~]# time perf stat --repeat 10 ./mmap-merge 6 50000
Performance counter stats for './mmap-merge 6 50000' (10 runs):
0.554700 task-clock-msecs # 0.000 CPUs ( +- 2.391% )
5 context-switches # 0.010 M/sec ( +- 5.660% )
6 CPU-migrations # 0.011 M/sec ( +- 0.000% )
124 page-faults # 0.224 M/sec ( +- 0.107% )
1,497,189 cycles # 2699.096 M/sec ( +- 1.941% )
794,179 instructions # 0.530 IPC ( +- 0.930% )
151,675 branches # 273.436 M/sec ( +- 0.903% )
5,795 branch-misses # 3.820 % ( +- 2.436% )
24,981 cache-references # 45.036 M/sec ( +- 1.101% )
5,931 cache-misses # 10.693 M/sec ( +- 4.373% )
1.356908302 seconds time elapsed ( +- 0.981% )
real 0m13.593s
user 0m0.104s
sys 1m22.047s
[root@...tmere ~]# time perf stat --repeat 10 ./mmap-merge 3 50000
Performance counter stats for './mmap-merge 3 50000' (10 runs):
0.413204 task-clock-msecs # 0.001 CPUs ( +- 3.120% )
3 context-switches # 0.007 M/sec ( +- 4.762% )
3 CPU-migrations # 0.007 M/sec ( +- 0.000% )
115 page-faults # 0.279 M/sec ( +- 0.203% )
1,132,363 cycles # 2740.446 M/sec ( +- 2.553% )
609,942 instructions # 0.539 IPC ( +- 0.778% )
117,542 branches # 284.464 M/sec ( +- 0.762% )
5,000 branch-misses # 4.254 % ( +- 2.445% )
17,825 cache-references # 43.138 M/sec ( +- 1.869% )
3,358 cache-misses # 8.126 M/sec ( +- 7.906% )
0.543944086 seconds time elapsed ( +- 0.846% )
real 0m5.464s
user 0m0.052s
sys 0m16.693s
----
[root@...tmere ~]# echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog
[root@...tmere ~]# for i in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_governor ; do echo performance > $i; done
[root@...tmere ~]# time perf stat --repeat 10 ./mmap-merge 48 50000
Performance counter stats for './mmap-merge 48 50000' (10 runs):
3.707111 task-clock-msecs # 0.000 CPUs ( +- 3.961% )
63 context-switches # 0.017 M/sec ( +- 8.853% )
50 CPU-migrations # 0.014 M/sec ( +- 1.394% )
250 page-faults # 0.067 M/sec ( +- 0.040% )
9,564,633 cycles # 2580.078 M/sec ( +- 4.053% )
3,567,454 instructions # 0.373 IPC ( +- 1.245% )
690,477 branches # 186.257 M/sec ( +- 1.650% )
21,207 branch-misses # 3.071 % ( +- 2.731% )
142,269 cache-references # 38.377 M/sec ( +- 1.844% )
58,300 cache-misses # 15.727 M/sec ( +- 1.927% )
7.471369198 seconds time elapsed ( +- 10.095% )
real 1m14.742s
user 0m1.825s
sys 4m51.984s
[root@...tmere ~]# time perf stat --repeat 10 ./mmap-merge 24 50000
Performance counter stats for './mmap-merge 24 50000' (10 runs):
1.757956 task-clock-msecs # 0.001 CPUs ( +- 2.702% )
34 context-switches # 0.019 M/sec ( +- 10.810% )
24 CPU-migrations # 0.014 M/sec ( +- 1.394% )
178 page-faults # 0.101 M/sec ( +- 0.056% )
4,554,679 cycles # 2590.894 M/sec ( +- 2.721% )
1,929,470 instructions # 0.424 IPC ( +- 0.882% )
371,094 branches # 211.094 M/sec ( +- 1.441% )
11,699 branch-misses # 3.152 % ( +- 2.183% )
71,996 cache-references # 40.954 M/sec ( +- 1.119% )
25,416 cache-misses # 14.458 M/sec ( +- 3.267% )
3.479702410 seconds time elapsed ( +- 8.481% )
real 0m34.823s
user 0m0.820s
sys 2m7.259s
[root@...tmere ~]# time perf stat --repeat 10 ./mmap-merge 12 50000
Performance counter stats for './mmap-merge 12 50000' (10 runs):
0.920072 task-clock-msecs # 0.000 CPUs ( +- 2.413% )
13 context-switches # 0.014 M/sec ( +- 3.553% )
12 CPU-migrations # 0.013 M/sec ( +- 0.000% )
142 page-faults # 0.154 M/sec ( +- 0.126% )
2,453,089 cycles # 2666.192 M/sec ( +- 2.294% )
1,213,864 instructions # 0.495 IPC ( +- 4.309% )
229,378 branches # 249.304 M/sec ( +- 3.634% )
7,582 branch-misses # 3.306 % ( +- 1.559% )
39,421 cache-references # 42.845 M/sec ( +- 1.613% )
13,022 cache-misses # 14.153 M/sec ( +- 2.974% )
2.629273354 seconds time elapsed ( +- 12.610% )
real 0m26.320s
user 0m0.355s
sys 2m11.851s
[root@...tmere ~]# time perf stat --repeat 10 ./mmap-merge 6 50000
Performance counter stats for './mmap-merge 6 50000' (10 runs):
0.574440 task-clock-msecs # 0.000 CPUs ( +- 2.073% )
7 context-switches # 0.012 M/sec ( +- 7.105% )
6 CPU-migrations # 0.010 M/sec ( +- 0.000% )
124 page-faults # 0.216 M/sec ( +- 0.081% )
1,538,323 cycles # 2677.954 M/sec ( +- 2.011% )
805,689 instructions # 0.524 IPC ( +- 0.777% )
153,771 branches # 267.689 M/sec ( +- 0.760% )
5,833 branch-misses # 3.793 % ( +- 2.511% )
24,123 cache-references # 41.994 M/sec ( +- 1.714% )
5,552 cache-misses # 9.666 M/sec ( +- 6.832% )
1.262533725 seconds time elapsed ( +- 10.411% )
real 0m12.647s
user 0m0.148s
sys 0m52.916s
[root@...tmere ~]# time perf stat --repeat 10 ./mmap-merge 3 50000
Performance counter stats for './mmap-merge 3 50000' (10 runs):
0.412164 task-clock-msecs # 0.001 CPUs ( +- 1.961% )
3 context-switches # 0.007 M/sec ( +- 0.000% )
3 CPU-migrations # 0.007 M/sec ( +- 0.000% )
115 page-faults # 0.279 M/sec ( +- 0.203% )
1,130,757 cycles # 2743.460 M/sec ( +- 1.623% )
621,400 instructions # 0.550 IPC ( +- 0.266% )
118,812 branches # 288.263 M/sec ( +- 0.259% )
4,885 branch-misses # 4.112 % ( +- 1.501% )
17,666 cache-references # 42.861 M/sec ( +- 0.993% )
3,588 cache-misses # 8.706 M/sec ( +- 5.443% )
0.487055557 seconds time elapsed ( +- 9.425% )
real 0m4.896s
user 0m0.080s
sys 0m13.610s
---
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
unsigned long nr_loops = 1000000; /* 1M */
unsigned long page_size;
void *mmap_base;
void *do_mmap_merge(void *data)
{
int nr = (unsigned long)data;
void *page = mmap_base + (2 + nr * 5) * page_size;
void *addr;
int ret;
int i;
for (i = 0; i < nr_loops; i++) {
ret = munmap(page, page_size);
if (ret) {
perror("thread-munmap");
exit(-1);
}
addr = mmap(page, page_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_FIXED, -1, 0);
if (addr == MAP_FAILED) {
perror("thread-mmap");
exit(-1);
}
}
return NULL;
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int nr_tasks = 12;
int i;
if (argc > 1)
nr_tasks = atoi(argv[1]);
if (argc > 2)
nr_loops = atoi(argv[2]);
page_size = getpagesize();
mmap_base = mmap(NULL, 5 * nr_tasks * page_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
if (mmap_base == MAP_FAILED) {
perror("mmap");
exit(-1);
}
for (i = 0; i < nr_tasks; i++) {
if (!fork()) {
do_mmap_merge((void *)i);
exit(0);
}
}
for (i = 0; i < nr_tasks; i++)
wait(NULL);
}
--
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