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Date: Thu, 16 Jun 2011 12:57:41 +0900
From: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@...fujitsu.com>
To: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@...fujitsu.com>
Cc: "linux-mm@...ck.org" <linux-mm@...ck.org>,
"linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org" <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
"akpm@...ux-foundation.org" <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
"nishimura@....nes.nec.co.jp" <nishimura@....nes.nec.co.jp>,
"bsingharora@...il.com" <bsingharora@...il.com>,
Ying Han <yinghan@...gle.com>, Michal Hocko <mhocko@...e.cz>,
"hannes@...xchg.org" <hannes@...xchg.org>
Subject: [PATCH 7/7] memcg: proportional fair vicitm node selection
>From 4fbd49697456c227c86f1d5b46f2cd2169bf1c5b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@...fujitsu.com>
Date: Thu, 16 Jun 2011 11:25:23 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 7/7] memcg: proportional fair node vicitm selection
commit 889976 implements a round-robin scan of numa nodes for
LRU scanning of memcg at hitting limit.
But, round-robin is not very good.
This patch implements a proportionally fair victim selection of nodes
rather than round-robin. The logic is fair against each node's weight.
Each node's weight is calculated periodically and we build an node's
scheduling entity as
total_ticket = 0;
for_each_node(node)
node->ticket_start = total_ticket;
node->ticket_end = total_ticket + this_node's_weight()
total_ticket = node->ticket_end;
Then, each nodes has some amounts of tickets in proportion to its own weight.
At selecting victim, a random number is selected and the node which contains
the random number in [ticket_start, ticket_end) is selected as vicitm.
This is a lottery scheduling algorithm.
For quick search of victim, this patch uses bsearch().
Test result:
on 8cpu box with 2 nodes.
limit memory to be 300MB and run httpd for 4096files/600MB working set.
do (normalized) random access by apache-bench and see scan_stat.
The test makes 40960 request. and see scan_stat.
(Because a httpd thread just use 10% cpu, the number of threads will
not be balanced between nodes. Then, file caches will not be balanced
between nodes.)
[Before patch]
[kamezawa@...extal ~]$ cat /cgroup/memory/test/memory.scan_stat
scanned_pages_by_limit 550740
freed_pages_by_limit 206473
elapsed_ns_by_limit 9485418834
[After patch]
scanned_pages_by_limit 521520
freed_pages_by_limit 199330
elapsed_ns_by_limit 7904913234
Total number of scan, elapsed time for scan are decreased in this test.
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@...fujitsu.com>
---
mm/memcontrol.c | 116 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------
1 file changed, 92 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)
Index: mmotm-0615/mm/memcontrol.c
===================================================================
--- mmotm-0615.orig/mm/memcontrol.c
+++ mmotm-0615/mm/memcontrol.c
@@ -49,6 +49,8 @@
#include <linux/page_cgroup.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/oom.h>
+#include <linux/random.h>
+#include <linux/bsearch.h>
#include "internal.h"
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
@@ -149,7 +151,14 @@ struct mem_cgroup_per_node {
struct mem_cgroup_lru_info {
struct mem_cgroup_per_node *nodeinfo[MAX_NUMNODES];
- unsigned long total_weight;
+ u32 total_weight;
+};
+
+/* a structure for numa victim selection scheduling */
+struct mem_cgroup_numasched {
+ int nid;
+ u32 start;
+ u32 ticket;
};
/*
@@ -289,10 +298,11 @@ struct mem_cgroup {
* reclaimed from.
*/
int last_scanned_child;
- int last_scanned_node;
#if MAX_NUMNODES > 1
nodemask_t scan_nodes;
struct mutex numascan_mutex;
+ struct mem_cgroup_numasched *nsched;
+ int nr_nsched;
#endif
atomic_t numascan_update;
/*
@@ -1660,8 +1670,10 @@ static unsigned long mem_cgroup_numascan
static void mem_cgroup_may_update_nodemask(struct mem_cgroup *mem)
{
bool inactive_file_low, inactive_anon_low;
- int nid;
- unsigned long long limit;
+ int nid, factor;
+ unsigned long long limit, usage;
+ struct mem_cgroup_numasched *ns;
+
/* if no limit, we never reach here */
limit = res_counter_read_u64(&mem->res, RES_LIMIT);
limit /= PAGE_SIZE;
@@ -1683,13 +1695,41 @@ static void mem_cgroup_may_update_nodema
inactive_anon_low = mem_cgroup_inactive_anon_is_low(mem);
mem->info.total_weight = 0;
+ /*
+ * mem->nsched is an array of nodes with weight. If weight==0,
+ * the nid will not appear in the array. Each ns entry has
+ * [start, ticket] pair and the array. This ticket will be used
+ * for lottery.
+ */
+ ns = mem->nsched;
+ mem->nr_nsched = 0;
+
+ /*
+ * We use random32() for lottery. so, we'd like to make
+ * total_weight smaller than u32. calculate the factor to limit
+ * total_weight, here.
+ */
+ usage = res_counter_read_u64(&mem->res, RES_USAGE);
+ factor = 0;
+
+ while ((usage >> factor) > 0x7fffffff)
+ factor++;
+
for_each_node_mask(nid, node_states[N_HIGH_MEMORY]) {
unsigned long weight;
weight = mem_cgroup_numascan_weight(mem, nid,
inactive_file_low,
inactive_anon_low);
- if (!weight)
+ if (weight) {
+ /* we'd like to fit total_weight to u32. */
+ weight = (weight >> factor) + 1;
+ ns->nid = nid;
+ ns->start = mem->info.total_weight;
+ ns->ticket = weight;
+ ns++;
+ mem->nr_nsched++;
+ } else
node_clear(nid, mem->scan_nodes);
mem->info.total_weight += weight;
@@ -1707,34 +1747,58 @@ static void mem_cgroup_may_update_nodema
* hit limits, it will see a contention on a node. But freeing from remote
* node means more costs for memory reclaim because of memory latency.
*
- * Now, we use round-robin. Better algorithm is welcomed.
+ * Now, we use lottery scheduling based on each node's weight.
*/
+int node_weight_compare(const void *key, const void *elt)
+{
+ const unsigned long lottery = (unsigned long)key;
+ const struct mem_cgroup_numasched *ns = elt;
+
+ if (lottery < ns->start)
+ return -1;
+ if (lottery >= ns->start + ns->ticket)
+ return 1;
+ return 0;
+}
+
int mem_cgroup_select_victim_node(struct mem_cgroup *mem)
{
+ unsigned long lottery;
+ struct mem_cgroup_numasched *ns;
int node;
mem_cgroup_may_update_nodemask(mem);
- node = mem->last_scanned_node;
+ if (!mutex_trylock(&mem->numascan_mutex))
+ return numa_node_id();
- node = next_node(node, mem->scan_nodes);
- if (node == MAX_NUMNODES)
- node = first_node(mem->scan_nodes);
- /*
- * We call this when we hit limit, not when pages are added to LRU.
- * No LRU may hold pages because all pages are UNEVICTABLE or
- * memcg is too small and all pages are not on LRU. In that case,
- * we use curret node.
- */
- if (unlikely(node == MAX_NUMNODES))
- node = numa_node_id();
+ lottery = random32()/mem->info.total_weight;
+ ns = bsearch((void *)lottery, mem->nsched, mem->nr_nsched,
+ sizeof(struct mem_cgroup_numasched), node_weight_compare);
- mem->last_scanned_node = node;
+ if (unlikely(ns == NULL))
+ node = numa_node_id();
+ else
+ node = ns->nid;
+ mutex_unlock(&mem->numascan_mutex);
return node;
}
-static void mem_cgroup_numascan_init(struct mem_cgroup *mem)
+static bool mem_cgroup_numascan_init(struct mem_cgroup *mem)
{
+ int size;
+
mutex_init(&mem->numascan_mutex);
+
+ size = sizeof(struct mem_cgroup_numasched) * num_possible_cpus();
+ mem->nsched = kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
+ if (!mem->nsched)
+ return false;
+ return true;
+}
+
+static void mem_cgroup_numascan_free(struct mem_cgroup *mem)
+{
+ kfree(mem->nsched);
}
static bool mem_cgroup_reclaimable(struct mem_cgroup *mem, bool noswap)
@@ -1759,9 +1823,12 @@ int mem_cgroup_select_victim_node(struct
{
return 0;
}
-static void mem_cgroup_numascan_init(struct mem_cgroup *mem)
+static bool mem_cgroup_numascan_init(struct mem_cgroup *mem)
+{
+ return true;
+}
+static void mem_cgroup_numascan_free(struct mem_cgroup *mem)
{
- return 0;
}
static bool mem_cgroup_reclaimable(struct mem_cgroup *mem, bool noswap)
@@ -5024,6 +5091,7 @@ static void __mem_cgroup_free(struct mem
for_each_node_state(node, N_POSSIBLE)
free_mem_cgroup_per_zone_info(mem, node);
+ mem_cgroup_numascan_free(mem);
free_percpu(mem->stat);
if (sizeof(struct mem_cgroup) < PAGE_SIZE)
@@ -5113,6 +5181,8 @@ mem_cgroup_create(struct cgroup_subsys *
for_each_node_state(node, N_POSSIBLE)
if (alloc_mem_cgroup_per_zone_info(mem, node))
goto free_out;
+ if (!mem_cgroup_numascan_init(mem))
+ goto free_out;
/* root ? */
if (cont->parent == NULL) {
@@ -5149,7 +5219,6 @@ mem_cgroup_create(struct cgroup_subsys *
res_counter_init(&mem->memsw, NULL);
}
mem->last_scanned_child = 0;
- mem->last_scanned_node = MAX_NUMNODES;
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mem->oom_notify);
if (parent)
@@ -5157,7 +5226,6 @@ mem_cgroup_create(struct cgroup_subsys *
atomic_set(&mem->refcnt, 1);
mem->move_charge_at_immigrate = 0;
mutex_init(&mem->thresholds_lock);
- mem_cgroup_numascan_init(mem);
spin_lock_init(&mem->scanstat.lock);
return &mem->css;
free_out:
--
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