Message-ID: <20111116002235.GA10958@barrios-laptop.redhat.com>
Date:	Wed, 16 Nov 2011 09:22:36 +0900
From:	Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@...il.com>
To:	Mel Gorman <mgorman@...e.de>
Cc:	Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
	Colin Cross <ccross@...roid.com>,
	Pekka Enberg <penberg@...helsinki.fi>,
	KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@...fujitsu.com>,
	Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@...hat.com>,
	David Rientjes <rientjes@...gle.com>,
	LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
	Linux-MM <linux-mm@...ck.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH] mm: avoid livelock on !__GFP_FS allocations

On Tue, Nov 15, 2011 at 05:36:56PM +0000, Mel Gorman wrote:
> On Wed, Nov 16, 2011 at 01:13:30AM +0900, Minchan Kim wrote:
> > On Mon, Nov 14, 2011 at 11:04 PM, Mel Gorman <mgorman@...e.de> wrote:
> > > This patch seems to have gotten lost in the cracks and the discussion
> > > on alternatives that started here https://lkml.org/lkml/2011/10/25/24
> > > petered out without any alternative patches being posted. Lacking
> > > a viable alternative patch, I'm reposting this patch because AFAIK,
> > > this bug still exists.
> > >
> > > Colin Cross reported;
> > >
> > >  Under the following conditions, __alloc_pages_slowpath can loop forever:
> > >  gfp_mask & __GFP_WAIT is true
> > >  gfp_mask & __GFP_FS is false
> > >  reclaim and compaction make no progress
> > >  order <= PAGE_ALLOC_COSTLY_ORDER
> > >
> > >  These conditions happen very often during suspend and resume,
> > >  when pm_restrict_gfp_mask() effectively converts all GFP_KERNEL
> > >  allocations into __GFP_WAIT.
> > >
> > >  The oom killer is not run because gfp_mask & __GFP_FS is false,
> > >  but should_alloc_retry will always return true when order is less
> > >  than PAGE_ALLOC_COSTLY_ORDER.
> > >
> > > In his fix, he avoided retrying the allocation if reclaim made no
> > > progress and __GFP_FS was not set. The problem is that this would
> > > result in GFP_NOIO allocations failing that previously succeeded
> > > which would be very unfortunate.
> > >
> > > The big difference between GFP_NOIO and suspend converting GFP_KERNEL
> > > to behave like GFP_NOIO is that normally flushers will be cleaning
> > > pages and kswapd reclaims pages allowing GFP_NOIO to succeed after
> > > a short delay. The same does not necessarily apply during suspend as
> > > the storage device may be suspended.  Hence, this patch special cases
> > > the suspend case to fail the page allocation if reclaim cannot make
> > > progress. This might cause suspend to abort but that is better than
> > > a livelock.
> > >
> > > [mgorman@...e.de: Rework fix to be suspend specific]
> > > Reported-and-tested-by: Colin Cross <ccross@...roid.com>
> > > Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@...e.de>
> > > ---
> > >  mm/page_alloc.c |   22 ++++++++++++++++++++++
> > >  1 files changed, 22 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
> > >
> > > diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
> > > index 9dd443d..5402897 100644
> > > --- a/mm/page_alloc.c
> > > +++ b/mm/page_alloc.c
> > > @@ -127,6 +127,20 @@ void pm_restrict_gfp_mask(void)
> > >        saved_gfp_mask = gfp_allowed_mask;
> > >        gfp_allowed_mask &= ~GFP_IOFS;
> > >  }
> > > +
> > > +static bool pm_suspending(void)
> > > +{
> > > +       if ((gfp_allowed_mask & GFP_IOFS) == GFP_IOFS)
> > > +               return false;
> > > +       return true;
> > > +}
> > > +
> > > +#else
> > > +
> > > +static bool pm_suspending(void)
> > > +{
> > > +       return false;
> > > +}
> > >  #endif /* CONFIG_PM_SLEEP */
> > >
> > >  #ifdef CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE_SIZE_VARIABLE
> > > @@ -2214,6 +2228,14 @@ rebalance:
> > >
> > >                        goto restart;
> > >                }
> > > +
> > > +               /*
> > > +                * Suspend converts GFP_KERNEL to __GFP_WAIT which can
> > > +                * prevent reclaim making forward progress without
> > > +                * invoking OOM. Bail if we are suspending
> > > +                */
> > > +               if (pm_suspending())
> > > +                       goto nopage;
> > >        }
> > >
> > >        /* Check if we should retry the allocation */
> > >
> > 
> > I don't have much time to look into this problem so I miss some things.
> > But the feeling I have a mind when I faced this problem is why we
> > should make another special case handling function.
> > Already we have such thing for hibernation - oom_killer_disabled in vm
> > Could we use it instead of making new branch for very special case?
> 
> Fair question!
> 
> Suspend is a multi-stage process and the OOM killer is disabled at
> a different time to the GFP flags being restricted. This is another
> reason why renaming to pm_suspending to pm_suspended_storage is a
> good idea (pm_suspending is misleading at best).
> 
> I am vague on all the steps hibernation takes but initially processes
> are frozen and if they are successfully frozen then the OOM killer is
> disabled. At this point, storage is still active so the GFP allowed
> mask is the same. When preparing to write the image, kernel threads
> are suspended so there is no new IO being initiated and then the GFP
> mask is restricted to prevent any memory allocation trying to write
> pages to storage. It then writes the image to disk.
> 
> So what we have now is
> 
>         if (!did_some_progress) {
>                 if ((gfp_mask & __GFP_FS) && !(gfp_mask & __GFP_NORETRY)) {
>                         if (oom_killer_disabled)
>                                 goto nopage;
> 
> Lets say we changed that to
> 
>         if (!did_some_progress) {
>                 if (oom_killer_disabled)
>                         goto nopage;
>                 if ((gfp_mask & __GFP_FS) && !(gfp_mask & __GFP_NORETRY)) {
> 
> The impact would be that during the time between processes been frozen
> and storage being suspended, GFP_NOIO allocations that used to call
> wait_iff_congested and retry while kswapd does its thing will return
> failure instead. These GFP_NOIO allocations that used to succeed will
> now fail in rare cases during suspend and I don't think we want that.
> 
> Is this what you meant or had you something else in mind?
> 

You read my mind exactly!

I thought hibernation process is as follows,

freeze user processes
oom_disable
hibernate_preallocate_memory
freeze kernel processes(include kswapd)
pm_restrict_gfp_mask
swsusp_save

My guessing is hibernate_prealocate_memory should reserve all memory needed
for hibernation for reclaimaing pages of kswapd because kswapd just would be
stopped so during swsusp_save, page reclaim should not be occured.

But being see description of patch, my guess seems wrong.
Now the problem happens and it means page reclaim happens during swsusp_save.
Colin or someone could confirm this?

If so, could we reserve more memory when we preallocate hibernation memory
for avoiding page reclaim without kswapd?

-- 
Kind regards,
Minchan Kim
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