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Date: Thu, 9 Feb 2012 23:45:54 +0100
From: Stephane Eranian <eranian@...gle.com>
To: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@...ux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, peterz@...radead.org, mingo@...e.hu,
gleb@...hat.com, wcohen@...hat.com, vince@...ter.net,
asharma@...com, andi@...stfloor.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH] perf_events: fix broken intr throttling (v3)
On Thu, Feb 9, 2012 at 6:23 AM, Anshuman Khandual
<khandual@...ux.vnet.ibm.com> wrote:
> On Thursday 26 January 2012 09:33 PM, Stephane Eranian wrote:
>>
>> This patch fixes the throttling mechanism. It was broken
>> in 3.2.0. Events were not being unthrottled. The unthrottling
>> mechanism required that events be checked at each timer tick.
>>
>> This patch solves this problem and also separates:
>> - unthrottling
>> - multiplexing
>> - frequency-mode period adjustments
>>
>> Not all of them need to be executed at each timer tick.
>>
>> This third version of the patch is based on my original patch +
>> PeterZ proposal (https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/1/7/87).
>>
>> At each timer tick, for each context:
>> - if the current CPU has throttled events, we unthrottle events
>>
>> - if context has frequency-based events, we adjust sampling periods
>>
>> - if we have reached the jiffies interval, we multiplex (rotate)
>>
>> We decoupled rotation (multiplexing) from frequency-mode sampling
>> period adjustments. They should not necessarily happen at the same
>> rate. Multiplexing is subject to jiffies_interval (currently at 1
>> but could be higher once the tunable is exposed via sysfs).
>
> I am wondering how much higher value would jiffies_interval can be assigned
> to ? Once its exposed to the user through sysfs it can have any value. Are
> we planning to impose some sort of MAX limit on this ?
>
It's a multiplier of the timer tick. For now, it's 1, so every tick we go
through the entire rescheduling if the PMU is overcommitted. In most
situations, it may not be necessary to have such granularity. I am also
wondering about the overall overhead of the operation. I have not had
time to measure. If tick is 1ms, then it does not necessarily sound
unreasonable to have the multuplier be 10 = 10ms to multiplex events.
>>
>> We have grouped frequency-mode adjustment and unthrottling into the
>> same routine to minimize code duplication. When throttled while in
>> frequency mode, we scan the events only once.
>>
>> We have fixed the threshold enforcement code in __perf_event_overflow().
>> There was a bug whereby it would allow more than the authorized rate
>> because an increment of hwc->interrupts was not executed at the right
>> place.
>>
>> The patch was tested with low sampling limit (2000) and fixed periods,
>> frequency mode, overcommitted PMU.
>>
>> On a 2.1GHz AMD CPU:
>> $ cat /proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_max_sample_rate
>> 2000
>>
>> We set a rate of 3000 samples/sec (2.1GHz/3000 = 700000):
>>
>> $ perf record -e cycles,cycles -c 700000 noploop 10
>> $ perf report -D | tail -21
>> Aggregated stats:
>> TOTAL events: 80086
>> MMAP events: 88
>> COMM events: 2
>> EXIT events: 4
>> THROTTLE events: 19996
>> UNTHROTTLE events: 19996
>> SAMPLE events: 40000
>> cycles stats:
>> TOTAL events: 40006
>> MMAP events: 5
>> COMM events: 1
>> EXIT events: 4
>> THROTTLE events: 9998
>> UNTHROTTLE events: 9998
>> SAMPLE events: 20000
>> cycles stats:
>> TOTAL events: 39996
>> THROTTLE events: 9998
>> UNTHROTTLE events: 9998
>> SAMPLE events: 20000
>>
>> For 10s, the cap is 2x2000x10 = 40000 samples.
>> We get exactly that: 20000 samples/event.
>>
>> Signed-off-by: Stephane Eranian <eranian@...gle.com>
>> ---
>>
>> diff --git a/include/linux/perf_event.h b/include/linux/perf_event.h
>> index 0b91db2..412b790 100644
>> --- a/include/linux/perf_event.h
>> +++ b/include/linux/perf_event.h
>> @@ -589,6 +589,7 @@ struct hw_perf_event {
>> u64 sample_period;
>> u64 last_period;
>> local64_t period_left;
>> + u64 interrupts_seq;
>> u64 interrupts;
>>
>> u64 freq_time_stamp;
>> diff --git a/kernel/events/core.c b/kernel/events/core.c
>> index de859fb..7c3b9de 100644
>> --- a/kernel/events/core.c
>> +++ b/kernel/events/core.c
>> @@ -2300,6 +2300,9 @@ do { \
>> return div64_u64(dividend, divisor);
>> }
>>
>> +static DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, perf_throttled_count);
>> +static DEFINE_PER_CPU(u64, perf_throttled_seq);
>> +
>> static void perf_adjust_period(struct perf_event *event, u64 nsec, u64 count)
>> {
>> struct hw_perf_event *hwc = &event->hw;
>> @@ -2325,16 +2328,29 @@ static void perf_adjust_period(struct perf_event *event, u64 nsec, u64 count)
>> }
>> }
>>
>> -static void perf_ctx_adjust_freq(struct perf_event_context *ctx, u64 period)
>> +/*
>> + * combine freq adjustment with unthrottling to avoid two passes over the
>> + * events. At the same time, make sure, having freq events does not change
>> + * the rate of unthrottling as that would introduce bias.
>> + */
>> +static void perf_adjust_freq_unthr_context(struct perf_event_context *ctx,
>> + int needs_unthr)
>> {
>> struct perf_event *event;
>> struct hw_perf_event *hwc;
>> - u64 interrupts, now;
>> + u64 now, period = TICK_NSEC;
>> s64 delta;
>>
>> - if (!ctx->nr_freq)
>> + /*
>> + * only need to iterate over all events iff:
>> + * - context have events in frequency mode (needs freq adjust)
>> + * - there are events to unthrottle on this cpu
>> + */
>> + if (!(ctx->nr_freq || needs_unthr))
>> return;
>>
>> + raw_spin_lock(&ctx->lock);
>> +
>> list_for_each_entry_rcu(event, &ctx->event_list, event_entry) {
>> if (event->state != PERF_EVENT_STATE_ACTIVE)
>> continue;
>> @@ -2344,13 +2360,8 @@ static void perf_ctx_adjust_freq(struct perf_event_context *ctx, u64 period)
>>
>> hwc = &event->hw;
>>
>> - interrupts = hwc->interrupts;
>> - hwc->interrupts = 0;
>> -
>> - /*
>> - * unthrottle events on the tick
>> - */
>> - if (interrupts == MAX_INTERRUPTS) {
>> + if (needs_unthr && hwc->interrupts == MAX_INTERRUPTS) {
>> + hwc->interrupts = 0;
>> perf_log_throttle(event, 1);
>> event->pmu->start(event, 0);
>> }
>> @@ -2358,14 +2369,26 @@ static void perf_ctx_adjust_freq(struct perf_event_context *ctx, u64 period)
>> if (!event->attr.freq || !event->attr.sample_freq)
>> continue;
>>
>> - event->pmu->read(event);
>> + /*
>> + * stop the event and update event->count
>> + */
>> + event->pmu->stop(event, PERF_EF_UPDATE);
>> +
>> now = local64_read(&event->count);
>> delta = now - hwc->freq_count_stamp;
>> hwc->freq_count_stamp = now;
>>
>> + /*
>> + * restart the event
>> + * reload only if value has changed
>> + */
>> if (delta > 0)
>> perf_adjust_period(event, period, delta);
>> +
>> + event->pmu->start(event, delta > 0 ? PERF_EF_RELOAD : 0);
>> }
>> +
>> + raw_spin_unlock(&ctx->lock);
>> }
>>
>> /*
>> @@ -2388,16 +2411,13 @@ static void rotate_ctx(struct perf_event_context *ctx)
>> */
>> static void perf_rotate_context(struct perf_cpu_context *cpuctx)
>> {
>> - u64 interval = (u64)cpuctx->jiffies_interval * TICK_NSEC;
>> struct perf_event_context *ctx = NULL;
>> - int rotate = 0, remove = 1, freq = 0;
>> + int rotate = 0, remove = 1;
>>
>> if (cpuctx->ctx.nr_events) {
>> remove = 0;
>> if (cpuctx->ctx.nr_events != cpuctx->ctx.nr_active)
>> rotate = 1;
>> - if (cpuctx->ctx.nr_freq)
>> - freq = 1;
>> }
>>
>> ctx = cpuctx->task_ctx;
>> @@ -2405,37 +2425,26 @@ static void perf_rotate_context(struct perf_cpu_context *cpuctx)
>> remove = 0;
>> if (ctx->nr_events != ctx->nr_active)
>> rotate = 1;
>> - if (ctx->nr_freq)
>> - freq = 1;
>> }
>>
>> - if (!rotate && !freq)
>> + if (!rotate)
>> goto done;
>>
>> perf_ctx_lock(cpuctx, cpuctx->task_ctx);
>> perf_pmu_disable(cpuctx->ctx.pmu);
>>
>> - if (freq) {
>> - perf_ctx_adjust_freq(&cpuctx->ctx, interval);
>> - if (ctx)
>> - perf_ctx_adjust_freq(ctx, interval);
>> - }
>> -
>> - if (rotate) {
>> - cpu_ctx_sched_out(cpuctx, EVENT_FLEXIBLE);
>> - if (ctx)
>> - ctx_sched_out(ctx, cpuctx, EVENT_FLEXIBLE);
>> + cpu_ctx_sched_out(cpuctx, EVENT_FLEXIBLE);
>> + if (ctx)
>> + ctx_sched_out(ctx, cpuctx, EVENT_FLEXIBLE);
>>
>> - rotate_ctx(&cpuctx->ctx);
>> - if (ctx)
>> - rotate_ctx(ctx);
>> + rotate_ctx(&cpuctx->ctx);
>> + if (ctx)
>> + rotate_ctx(ctx);
>>
>> - perf_event_sched_in(cpuctx, ctx, current);
>> - }
>> + perf_event_sched_in(cpuctx, ctx, current);
>>
>> perf_pmu_enable(cpuctx->ctx.pmu);
>> perf_ctx_unlock(cpuctx, cpuctx->task_ctx);
>> -
>> done:
>> if (remove)
>> list_del_init(&cpuctx->rotation_list);
>> @@ -2445,10 +2454,22 @@ void perf_event_task_tick(void)
>> {
>> struct list_head *head = &__get_cpu_var(rotation_list);
>> struct perf_cpu_context *cpuctx, *tmp;
>> + struct perf_event_context *ctx;
>> + int throttled;
>>
>> WARN_ON(!irqs_disabled());
>>
>> + __this_cpu_inc(perf_throttled_seq);
>> + throttled = __this_cpu_xchg(perf_throttled_count, 0);
>> +
>> list_for_each_entry_safe(cpuctx, tmp, head, rotation_list) {
>> + ctx = &cpuctx->ctx;
>> + perf_adjust_freq_unthr_context(ctx, throttled);
>> +
>> + ctx = cpuctx->task_ctx;
>> + if (ctx)
>> + perf_adjust_freq_unthr_context(ctx, throttled);
>> +
>> if (cpuctx->jiffies_interval == 1 ||
>> !(jiffies % cpuctx->jiffies_interval))
>> perf_rotate_context(cpuctx);
>> @@ -4514,6 +4535,7 @@ static int __perf_event_overflow(struct perf_event *event,
>> {
>> int events = atomic_read(&event->event_limit);
>> struct hw_perf_event *hwc = &event->hw;
>> + u64 seq;
>> int ret = 0;
>>
>> /*
>> @@ -4523,14 +4545,20 @@ static int __perf_event_overflow(struct perf_event *event,
>> if (unlikely(!is_sampling_event(event)))
>> return 0;
>>
>> - if (unlikely(hwc->interrupts >= max_samples_per_tick)) {
>> - if (throttle) {
>> + seq = __this_cpu_read(perf_throttled_seq);
>> + if (seq != hwc->interrupts_seq) {
>> + hwc->interrupts_seq = seq;
>> + hwc->interrupts = 1;
>> + } else {
>> + hwc->interrupts++;
>> + if (unlikely(throttle
>> + && hwc->interrupts >= max_samples_per_tick)) {
>> + __this_cpu_inc(perf_throttled_count);
>> hwc->interrupts = MAX_INTERRUPTS;
>> perf_log_throttle(event, 0);
>> ret = 1;
>> }
>> - } else
>> - hwc->interrupts++;
>> + }
>>
>> if (event->attr.freq) {
>> u64 now = perf_clock();
>> --
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>
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