Message-Id: <1329262552-25660-1-git-send-email-dan.magenheimer@oracle.com>
Date:	Tue, 14 Feb 2012 15:35:52 -0800
From:	Dan Magenheimer <dan.magenheimer@...cle.com>
To:	devel@...verdev.osuosl.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
	gregkh@...uxfoundation.org, linux-mm@...ck.org, ngupta@...are.org,
	konrad.wilk@...cle.com, kurt.hackel@...cle.com,
	sjenning@...ux.vnet.ibm.com, chris.mason@...cle.com,
	dan.magenheimer@...cle.com
Subject: [PATCH 3/6] staging: ramster: xvmalloc allocation files

RAMster implements peer-to-peer transcendent memory, allowing a "cluster"
of kernels to dynamically pool their RAM.

Zcache is in the process of converting allocators, from xvmalloc to zsmalloc.
Further, RAMster V5 testing to date has been done only with xvmalloc.
To avoid merging problems, a linux-3.2 copy of xvmalloc is incorporated by
this patch.  Later patches will be able to eliminate xvmalloc and use zsmalloc.

Signed-off-by: Dan Magenheimer <dan.magenheimer@...cle.com>
---
 drivers/staging/ramster/xvmalloc.c     |  510 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 drivers/staging/ramster/xvmalloc.h     |   30 ++
 drivers/staging/ramster/xvmalloc_int.h |   95 ++++++
 3 files changed, 635 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 drivers/staging/ramster/xvmalloc.c
 create mode 100644 drivers/staging/ramster/xvmalloc.h
 create mode 100644 drivers/staging/ramster/xvmalloc_int.h

diff --git a/drivers/staging/ramster/xvmalloc.c b/drivers/staging/ramster/xvmalloc.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1f9c508
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/staging/ramster/xvmalloc.c
@@ -0,0 +1,510 @@
+/*
+ * xvmalloc memory allocator
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2008, 2009, 2010  Nitin Gupta
+ *
+ * This code is released using a dual license strategy: BSD/GPL
+ * You can choose the licence that better fits your requirements.
+ *
+ * Released under the terms of 3-clause BSD License
+ * Released under the terms of GNU General Public License Version 2.0
+ */
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_ZRAM_DEBUG
+#define DEBUG
+#endif
+
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/bitops.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/highmem.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+
+#include "xvmalloc.h"
+#include "xvmalloc_int.h"
+
+static void stat_inc(u64 *value)
+{
+	*value = *value + 1;
+}
+
+static void stat_dec(u64 *value)
+{
+	*value = *value - 1;
+}
+
+static int test_flag(struct block_header *block, enum blockflags flag)
+{
+	return block->prev & BIT(flag);
+}
+
+static void set_flag(struct block_header *block, enum blockflags flag)
+{
+	block->prev |= BIT(flag);
+}
+
+static void clear_flag(struct block_header *block, enum blockflags flag)
+{
+	block->prev &= ~BIT(flag);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Given <page, offset> pair, provide a dereferencable pointer.
+ * This is called from xv_malloc/xv_free path, so it
+ * needs to be fast.
+ */
+static void *get_ptr_atomic(struct page *page, u16 offset, enum km_type type)
+{
+	unsigned char *base;
+
+	base = kmap_atomic(page, type);
+	return base + offset;
+}
+
+static void put_ptr_atomic(void *ptr, enum km_type type)
+{
+	kunmap_atomic(ptr, type);
+}
+
+static u32 get_blockprev(struct block_header *block)
+{
+	return block->prev & PREV_MASK;
+}
+
+static void set_blockprev(struct block_header *block, u16 new_offset)
+{
+	block->prev = new_offset | (block->prev & FLAGS_MASK);
+}
+
+static struct block_header *BLOCK_NEXT(struct block_header *block)
+{
+	return (struct block_header *)
+		((char *)block + block->size + XV_ALIGN);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get index of free list containing blocks of maximum size
+ * which is less than or equal to given size.
+ */
+static u32 get_index_for_insert(u32 size)
+{
+	if (unlikely(size > XV_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE))
+		size = XV_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE;
+	size &= ~FL_DELTA_MASK;
+	return (size - XV_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE) >> FL_DELTA_SHIFT;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get index of free list having blocks of size greater than
+ * or equal to requested size.
+ */
+static u32 get_index(u32 size)
+{
+	if (unlikely(size < XV_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE))
+		size = XV_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE;
+	size = ALIGN(size, FL_DELTA);
+	return (size - XV_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE) >> FL_DELTA_SHIFT;
+}
+
+/**
+ * find_block - find block of at least given size
+ * @pool: memory pool to search from
+ * @size: size of block required
+ * @page: page containing required block
+ * @offset: offset within the page where block is located.
+ *
+ * Searches two level bitmap to locate block of at least
+ * the given size. If such a block is found, it provides
+ * <page, offset> to identify this block and returns index
+ * in freelist where we found this block.
+ * Otherwise, returns 0 and <page, offset> params are not touched.
+ */
+static u32 find_block(struct xv_pool *pool, u32 size,
+			struct page **page, u32 *offset)
+{
+	ulong flbitmap, slbitmap;
+	u32 flindex, slindex, slbitstart;
+
+	/* There are no free blocks in this pool */
+	if (!pool->flbitmap)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Get freelist index correspoding to this size */
+	slindex = get_index(size);
+	slbitmap = pool->slbitmap[slindex / BITS_PER_LONG];
+	slbitstart = slindex % BITS_PER_LONG;
+
+	/*
+	 * If freelist is not empty at this index, we found the
+	 * block - head of this list. This is approximate best-fit match.
+	 */
+	if (test_bit(slbitstart, &slbitmap)) {
+		*page = pool->freelist[slindex].page;
+		*offset = pool->freelist[slindex].offset;
+		return slindex;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * No best-fit found. Search a bit further in bitmap for a free block.
+	 * Second level bitmap consists of series of 32-bit chunks. Search
+	 * further in the chunk where we expected a best-fit, starting from
+	 * index location found above.
+	 */
+	slbitstart++;
+	slbitmap >>= slbitstart;
+
+	/* Skip this search if we were already at end of this bitmap chunk */
+	if ((slbitstart != BITS_PER_LONG) && slbitmap) {
+		slindex += __ffs(slbitmap) + 1;
+		*page = pool->freelist[slindex].page;
+		*offset = pool->freelist[slindex].offset;
+		return slindex;
+	}
+
+	/* Now do a full two-level bitmap search to find next nearest fit */
+	flindex = slindex / BITS_PER_LONG;
+
+	flbitmap = (pool->flbitmap) >> (flindex + 1);
+	if (!flbitmap)
+		return 0;
+
+	flindex += __ffs(flbitmap) + 1;
+	slbitmap = pool->slbitmap[flindex];
+	slindex = (flindex * BITS_PER_LONG) + __ffs(slbitmap);
+	*page = pool->freelist[slindex].page;
+	*offset = pool->freelist[slindex].offset;
+
+	return slindex;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Insert block at <page, offset> in freelist of given pool.
+ * freelist used depends on block size.
+ */
+static void insert_block(struct xv_pool *pool, struct page *page, u32 offset,
+			struct block_header *block)
+{
+	u32 flindex, slindex;
+	struct block_header *nextblock;
+
+	slindex = get_index_for_insert(block->size);
+	flindex = slindex / BITS_PER_LONG;
+
+	block->link.prev_page = NULL;
+	block->link.prev_offset = 0;
+	block->link.next_page = pool->freelist[slindex].page;
+	block->link.next_offset = pool->freelist[slindex].offset;
+	pool->freelist[slindex].page = page;
+	pool->freelist[slindex].offset = offset;
+
+	if (block->link.next_page) {
+		nextblock = get_ptr_atomic(block->link.next_page,
+					block->link.next_offset, KM_USER1);
+		nextblock->link.prev_page = page;
+		nextblock->link.prev_offset = offset;
+		put_ptr_atomic(nextblock, KM_USER1);
+		/* If there was a next page then the free bits are set. */
+		return;
+	}
+
+	__set_bit(slindex % BITS_PER_LONG, &pool->slbitmap[flindex]);
+	__set_bit(flindex, &pool->flbitmap);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Remove block from freelist. Index 'slindex' identifies the freelist.
+ */
+static void remove_block(struct xv_pool *pool, struct page *page, u32 offset,
+			struct block_header *block, u32 slindex)
+{
+	u32 flindex = slindex / BITS_PER_LONG;
+	struct block_header *tmpblock;
+
+	if (block->link.prev_page) {
+		tmpblock = get_ptr_atomic(block->link.prev_page,
+				block->link.prev_offset, KM_USER1);
+		tmpblock->link.next_page = block->link.next_page;
+		tmpblock->link.next_offset = block->link.next_offset;
+		put_ptr_atomic(tmpblock, KM_USER1);
+	}
+
+	if (block->link.next_page) {
+		tmpblock = get_ptr_atomic(block->link.next_page,
+				block->link.next_offset, KM_USER1);
+		tmpblock->link.prev_page = block->link.prev_page;
+		tmpblock->link.prev_offset = block->link.prev_offset;
+		put_ptr_atomic(tmpblock, KM_USER1);
+	}
+
+	/* Is this block is at the head of the freelist? */
+	if (pool->freelist[slindex].page == page
+	   && pool->freelist[slindex].offset == offset) {
+
+		pool->freelist[slindex].page = block->link.next_page;
+		pool->freelist[slindex].offset = block->link.next_offset;
+
+		if (pool->freelist[slindex].page) {
+			struct block_header *tmpblock;
+			tmpblock = get_ptr_atomic(pool->freelist[slindex].page,
+					pool->freelist[slindex].offset,
+					KM_USER1);
+			tmpblock->link.prev_page = NULL;
+			tmpblock->link.prev_offset = 0;
+			put_ptr_atomic(tmpblock, KM_USER1);
+		} else {
+			/* This freelist bucket is empty */
+			__clear_bit(slindex % BITS_PER_LONG,
+				    &pool->slbitmap[flindex]);
+			if (!pool->slbitmap[flindex])
+				__clear_bit(flindex, &pool->flbitmap);
+		}
+	}
+
+	block->link.prev_page = NULL;
+	block->link.prev_offset = 0;
+	block->link.next_page = NULL;
+	block->link.next_offset = 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Allocate a page and add it to freelist of given pool.
+ */
+static int grow_pool(struct xv_pool *pool, gfp_t flags)
+{
+	struct page *page;
+	struct block_header *block;
+
+	page = alloc_page(flags);
+	if (unlikely(!page))
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	stat_inc(&pool->total_pages);
+
+	spin_lock(&pool->lock);
+	block = get_ptr_atomic(page, 0, KM_USER0);
+
+	block->size = PAGE_SIZE - XV_ALIGN;
+	set_flag(block, BLOCK_FREE);
+	clear_flag(block, PREV_FREE);
+	set_blockprev(block, 0);
+
+	insert_block(pool, page, 0, block);
+
+	put_ptr_atomic(block, KM_USER0);
+	spin_unlock(&pool->lock);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create a memory pool. Allocates freelist, bitmaps and other
+ * per-pool metadata.
+ */
+struct xv_pool *xv_create_pool(void)
+{
+	u32 ovhd_size;
+	struct xv_pool *pool;
+
+	ovhd_size = roundup(sizeof(*pool), PAGE_SIZE);
+	pool = kzalloc(ovhd_size, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!pool)
+		return NULL;
+
+	spin_lock_init(&pool->lock);
+
+	return pool;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(xv_create_pool);
+
+void xv_destroy_pool(struct xv_pool *pool)
+{
+	kfree(pool);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(xv_destroy_pool);
+
+/**
+ * xv_malloc - Allocate block of given size from pool.
+ * @pool: pool to allocate from
+ * @size: size of block to allocate
+ * @page: page no. that holds the object
+ * @offset: location of object within page
+ *
+ * On success, <page, offset> identifies block allocated
+ * and 0 is returned. On failure, <page, offset> is set to
+ * 0 and -ENOMEM is returned.
+ *
+ * Allocation requests with size > XV_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE will fail.
+ */
+int xv_malloc(struct xv_pool *pool, u32 size, struct page **page,
+		u32 *offset, gfp_t flags)
+{
+	int error;
+	u32 index, tmpsize, origsize, tmpoffset;
+	struct block_header *block, *tmpblock;
+
+	*page = NULL;
+	*offset = 0;
+	origsize = size;
+
+	if (unlikely(!size || size > XV_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE))
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	size = ALIGN(size, XV_ALIGN);
+
+	spin_lock(&pool->lock);
+
+	index = find_block(pool, size, page, offset);
+
+	if (!*page) {
+		spin_unlock(&pool->lock);
+		if (flags & GFP_NOWAIT)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		error = grow_pool(pool, flags);
+		if (unlikely(error))
+			return error;
+
+		spin_lock(&pool->lock);
+		index = find_block(pool, size, page, offset);
+	}
+
+	if (!*page) {
+		spin_unlock(&pool->lock);
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	}
+
+	block = get_ptr_atomic(*page, *offset, KM_USER0);
+
+	remove_block(pool, *page, *offset, block, index);
+
+	/* Split the block if required */
+	tmpoffset = *offset + size + XV_ALIGN;
+	tmpsize = block->size - size;
+	tmpblock = (struct block_header *)((char *)block + size + XV_ALIGN);
+	if (tmpsize) {
+		tmpblock->size = tmpsize - XV_ALIGN;
+		set_flag(tmpblock, BLOCK_FREE);
+		clear_flag(tmpblock, PREV_FREE);
+
+		set_blockprev(tmpblock, *offset);
+		if (tmpblock->size >= XV_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE)
+			insert_block(pool, *page, tmpoffset, tmpblock);
+
+		if (tmpoffset + XV_ALIGN + tmpblock->size != PAGE_SIZE) {
+			tmpblock = BLOCK_NEXT(tmpblock);
+			set_blockprev(tmpblock, tmpoffset);
+		}
+	} else {
+		/* This block is exact fit */
+		if (tmpoffset != PAGE_SIZE)
+			clear_flag(tmpblock, PREV_FREE);
+	}
+
+	block->size = origsize;
+	clear_flag(block, BLOCK_FREE);
+
+	put_ptr_atomic(block, KM_USER0);
+	spin_unlock(&pool->lock);
+
+	*offset += XV_ALIGN;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(xv_malloc);
+
+/*
+ * Free block identified with <page, offset>
+ */
+void xv_free(struct xv_pool *pool, struct page *page, u32 offset)
+{
+	void *page_start;
+	struct block_header *block, *tmpblock;
+
+	offset -= XV_ALIGN;
+
+	spin_lock(&pool->lock);
+
+	page_start = get_ptr_atomic(page, 0, KM_USER0);
+	block = (struct block_header *)((char *)page_start + offset);
+
+	/* Catch double free bugs */
+	BUG_ON(test_flag(block, BLOCK_FREE));
+
+	block->size = ALIGN(block->size, XV_ALIGN);
+
+	tmpblock = BLOCK_NEXT(block);
+	if (offset + block->size + XV_ALIGN == PAGE_SIZE)
+		tmpblock = NULL;
+
+	/* Merge next block if its free */
+	if (tmpblock && test_flag(tmpblock, BLOCK_FREE)) {
+		/*
+		 * Blocks smaller than XV_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE
+		 * are not inserted in any free list.
+		 */
+		if (tmpblock->size >= XV_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE) {
+			remove_block(pool, page,
+				    offset + block->size + XV_ALIGN, tmpblock,
+				    get_index_for_insert(tmpblock->size));
+		}
+		block->size += tmpblock->size + XV_ALIGN;
+	}
+
+	/* Merge previous block if its free */
+	if (test_flag(block, PREV_FREE)) {
+		tmpblock = (struct block_header *)((char *)(page_start) +
+						get_blockprev(block));
+		offset = offset - tmpblock->size - XV_ALIGN;
+
+		if (tmpblock->size >= XV_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE)
+			remove_block(pool, page, offset, tmpblock,
+				    get_index_for_insert(tmpblock->size));
+
+		tmpblock->size += block->size + XV_ALIGN;
+		block = tmpblock;
+	}
+
+	/* No used objects in this page. Free it. */
+	if (block->size == PAGE_SIZE - XV_ALIGN) {
+		put_ptr_atomic(page_start, KM_USER0);
+		spin_unlock(&pool->lock);
+
+		__free_page(page);
+		stat_dec(&pool->total_pages);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	set_flag(block, BLOCK_FREE);
+	if (block->size >= XV_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE)
+		insert_block(pool, page, offset, block);
+
+	if (offset + block->size + XV_ALIGN != PAGE_SIZE) {
+		tmpblock = BLOCK_NEXT(block);
+		set_flag(tmpblock, PREV_FREE);
+		set_blockprev(tmpblock, offset);
+	}
+
+	put_ptr_atomic(page_start, KM_USER0);
+	spin_unlock(&pool->lock);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(xv_free);
+
+u32 xv_get_object_size(void *obj)
+{
+	struct block_header *blk;
+
+	blk = (struct block_header *)((char *)(obj) - XV_ALIGN);
+	return blk->size;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(xv_get_object_size);
+
+/*
+ * Returns total memory used by allocator (userdata + metadata)
+ */
+u64 xv_get_total_size_bytes(struct xv_pool *pool)
+{
+	return pool->total_pages << PAGE_SHIFT;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(xv_get_total_size_bytes);
diff --git a/drivers/staging/ramster/xvmalloc.h b/drivers/staging/ramster/xvmalloc.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5b1a81a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/staging/ramster/xvmalloc.h
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+ * xvmalloc memory allocator
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2008, 2009, 2010  Nitin Gupta
+ *
+ * This code is released using a dual license strategy: BSD/GPL
+ * You can choose the licence that better fits your requirements.
+ *
+ * Released under the terms of 3-clause BSD License
+ * Released under the terms of GNU General Public License Version 2.0
+ */
+
+#ifndef _XV_MALLOC_H_
+#define _XV_MALLOC_H_
+
+#include <linux/types.h>
+
+struct xv_pool;
+
+struct xv_pool *xv_create_pool(void);
+void xv_destroy_pool(struct xv_pool *pool);
+
+int xv_malloc(struct xv_pool *pool, u32 size, struct page **page,
+			u32 *offset, gfp_t flags);
+void xv_free(struct xv_pool *pool, struct page *page, u32 offset);
+
+u32 xv_get_object_size(void *obj);
+u64 xv_get_total_size_bytes(struct xv_pool *pool);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/drivers/staging/ramster/xvmalloc_int.h b/drivers/staging/ramster/xvmalloc_int.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b5f1f7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/staging/ramster/xvmalloc_int.h
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/*
+ * xvmalloc memory allocator
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2008, 2009, 2010  Nitin Gupta
+ *
+ * This code is released using a dual license strategy: BSD/GPL
+ * You can choose the licence that better fits your requirements.
+ *
+ * Released under the terms of 3-clause BSD License
+ * Released under the terms of GNU General Public License Version 2.0
+ */
+
+#ifndef _XV_MALLOC_INT_H_
+#define _XV_MALLOC_INT_H_
+
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/types.h>
+
+/* User configurable params */
+
+/* Must be power of two */
+#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
+#define XV_ALIGN_SHIFT 3
+#else
+#define XV_ALIGN_SHIFT	2
+#endif
+#define XV_ALIGN	(1 << XV_ALIGN_SHIFT)
+#define XV_ALIGN_MASK	(XV_ALIGN - 1)
+
+/* This must be greater than sizeof(link_free) */
+#define XV_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE	32
+#define XV_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE	(PAGE_SIZE - XV_ALIGN)
+
+/*
+ * Free lists are separated by FL_DELTA bytes
+ * This value is 3 for 4k pages and 4 for 64k pages, for any
+ * other page size, a conservative (PAGE_SHIFT - 9) is used.
+ */
+#if PAGE_SHIFT == 16
+#define FL_DELTA_SHIFT 4
+#else
+#define FL_DELTA_SHIFT (PAGE_SHIFT - 9)
+#endif
+#define FL_DELTA	(1 << FL_DELTA_SHIFT)
+#define FL_DELTA_MASK	(FL_DELTA - 1)
+#define NUM_FREE_LISTS	((XV_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE - XV_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE) \
+				/ FL_DELTA + 1)
+
+#define MAX_FLI		DIV_ROUND_UP(NUM_FREE_LISTS, BITS_PER_LONG)
+
+/* End of user params */
+
+enum blockflags {
+	BLOCK_FREE,
+	PREV_FREE,
+	__NR_BLOCKFLAGS,
+};
+
+#define FLAGS_MASK	XV_ALIGN_MASK
+#define PREV_MASK	(~FLAGS_MASK)
+
+struct freelist_entry {
+	struct page *page;
+	u16 offset;
+	u16 pad;
+};
+
+struct link_free {
+	struct page *prev_page;
+	struct page *next_page;
+	u16 prev_offset;
+	u16 next_offset;
+};
+
+struct block_header {
+	union {
+		/* This common header must be XV_ALIGN bytes */
+		u8 common[XV_ALIGN];
+		struct {
+			u16 size;
+			u16 prev;
+		};
+	};
+	struct link_free link;
+};
+
+struct xv_pool {
+	ulong flbitmap;
+	ulong slbitmap[MAX_FLI];
+	u64 total_pages;	/* stats */
+	struct freelist_entry freelist[NUM_FREE_LISTS];
+	spinlock_t lock;
+};
+
+#endif
-- 
1.7.1

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