Date:	Tue, 21 Aug 2012 14:50:54 -0700
From:	Greg Thelen <gthelen@...gle.com>
To:	Glauber Costa <glommer@...allels.com>
Cc:	<linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>, <linux-mm@...ck.org>,
	<cgroups@...r.kernel.org>, <devel@...nvz.org>,
	Michal Hocko <mhocko@...e.cz>,
	Johannes Weiner <hannes@...xchg.org>,
	Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
	<kamezawa.hiroyu@...fujitsu.com>, Christoph Lameter <cl@...ux.com>,
	David Rientjes <rientjes@...gle.com>,
	Pekka Enberg <penberg@...nel.org>,
	Pekka Enberg <penberg@...helsinki.fi>
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2 06/11] memcg: kmem controller infrastructure

On Thu, Aug 09 2012, Glauber Costa wrote:

> This patch introduces infrastructure for tracking kernel memory pages to
> a given memcg. This will happen whenever the caller includes the flag
> __GFP_KMEMCG flag, and the task belong to a memcg other than the root.
>
> In memcontrol.h those functions are wrapped in inline accessors.  The
> idea is to later on, patch those with static branches, so we don't incur
> any overhead when no mem cgroups with limited kmem are being used.
>
> [ v2: improved comments and standardized function names ]
>
> Signed-off-by: Glauber Costa <glommer@...allels.com>
> CC: Christoph Lameter <cl@...ux.com>
> CC: Pekka Enberg <penberg@...helsinki.fi>
> CC: Michal Hocko <mhocko@...e.cz>
> CC: Kamezawa Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@...fujitsu.com>
> CC: Johannes Weiner <hannes@...xchg.org>
> ---
>  include/linux/memcontrol.h |  79 +++++++++++++++++++
>  mm/memcontrol.c            | 185 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  2 files changed, 264 insertions(+)
>
> diff --git a/include/linux/memcontrol.h b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
> index 8d9489f..75b247e 100644
> --- a/include/linux/memcontrol.h
> +++ b/include/linux/memcontrol.h
> @@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
>  #define _LINUX_MEMCONTROL_H
>  #include <linux/cgroup.h>
>  #include <linux/vm_event_item.h>
> +#include <linux/hardirq.h>
>  
>  struct mem_cgroup;
>  struct page_cgroup;
> @@ -399,6 +400,11 @@ struct sock;
>  #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM
>  void sock_update_memcg(struct sock *sk);
>  void sock_release_memcg(struct sock *sk);
> +
> +#define memcg_kmem_on 1
> +bool __memcg_kmem_new_page(gfp_t gfp, void *handle, int order);
> +void __memcg_kmem_commit_page(struct page *page, void *handle, int order);
> +void __memcg_kmem_free_page(struct page *page, int order);
>  #else
>  static inline void sock_update_memcg(struct sock *sk)
>  {
> @@ -406,6 +412,79 @@ static inline void sock_update_memcg(struct sock *sk)
>  static inline void sock_release_memcg(struct sock *sk)
>  {
>  }
> +
> +#define memcg_kmem_on 0
> +static inline bool
> +__memcg_kmem_new_page(gfp_t gfp, void *handle, int order)
> +{
> +	return false;
> +}
> +
> +static inline void  __memcg_kmem_free_page(struct page *page, int order)
> +{
> +}
> +
> +static inline void
> +__memcg_kmem_commit_page(struct page *page, struct mem_cgroup *handle, int order)
> +{
> +}
>  #endif /* CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM */
> +
> +/**
> + * memcg_kmem_new_page: verify if a new kmem allocation is allowed.
> + * @gfp: the gfp allocation flags.
> + * @handle: a pointer to the memcg this was charged against.
> + * @order: allocation order.
> + *
> + * returns true if the memcg where the current task belongs can hold this
> + * allocation.
> + *
> + * We return true automatically if this allocation is not to be accounted to
> + * any memcg.
> + */
> +static __always_inline bool
> +memcg_kmem_new_page(gfp_t gfp, void *handle, int order)
> +{
> +	if (!memcg_kmem_on)
> +		return true;
> +	if (!(gfp & __GFP_KMEMCG) || (gfp & __GFP_NOFAIL))
> +		return true;
> +	if (in_interrupt() || (!current->mm) || (current->flags & PF_KTHREAD))
> +		return true;
> +	return __memcg_kmem_new_page(gfp, handle, order);
> +}
> +
> +/**
> + * memcg_kmem_free_page: uncharge pages from memcg
> + * @page: pointer to struct page being freed
> + * @order: allocation order.
> + *
> + * there is no need to specify memcg here, since it is embedded in page_cgroup
> + */
> +static __always_inline void
> +memcg_kmem_free_page(struct page *page, int order)
> +{
> +	if (memcg_kmem_on)
> +		__memcg_kmem_free_page(page, order);
> +}
> +
> +/**
> + * memcg_kmem_commit_page: embeds correct memcg in a page
> + * @handle: a pointer to the memcg this was charged against.
> + * @page: pointer to struct page recently allocated
> + * @handle: the memcg structure we charged against
> + * @order: allocation order.
> + *
> + * Needs to be called after memcg_kmem_new_page, regardless of success or
> + * failure of the allocation. if @page is NULL, this function will revert the
> + * charges. Otherwise, it will commit the memcg given by @handle to the
> + * corresponding page_cgroup.
> + */
> +static __always_inline void
> +memcg_kmem_commit_page(struct page *page, struct mem_cgroup *handle, int order)
> +{
> +	if (memcg_kmem_on)
> +		__memcg_kmem_commit_page(page, handle, order);
> +}
>  #endif /* _LINUX_MEMCONTROL_H */
>  
> diff --git a/mm/memcontrol.c b/mm/memcontrol.c
> index 54e93de..e9824c1 100644
> --- a/mm/memcontrol.c
> +++ b/mm/memcontrol.c
> @@ -10,6 +10,10 @@
>   * Copyright (C) 2009 Nokia Corporation
>   * Author: Kirill A. Shutemov
>   *
> + * Kernel Memory Controller
> + * Copyright (C) 2012 Parallels Inc. and Google Inc.
> + * Authors: Glauber Costa and Suleiman Souhlal
> + *
>   * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
>   * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
>   * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
> @@ -434,6 +438,9 @@ struct mem_cgroup *mem_cgroup_from_css(struct cgroup_subsys_state *s)
>  #include <net/ip.h>
>  
>  static bool mem_cgroup_is_root(struct mem_cgroup *memcg);
> +static int memcg_charge_kmem(struct mem_cgroup *memcg, gfp_t gfp, s64 delta);
> +static void memcg_uncharge_kmem(struct mem_cgroup *memcg, s64 delta);
> +
>  void sock_update_memcg(struct sock *sk)
>  {
>  	if (mem_cgroup_sockets_enabled) {
> @@ -488,6 +495,118 @@ struct cg_proto *tcp_proto_cgroup(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
>  }
>  EXPORT_SYMBOL(tcp_proto_cgroup);
>  #endif /* CONFIG_INET */
> +
> +static inline bool memcg_kmem_enabled(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)
> +{
> +	return !mem_cgroup_disabled() && !mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg) &&
> +		memcg->kmem_accounted;
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * We need to verify if the allocation against current->mm->owner's memcg is
> + * possible for the given order. But the page is not allocated yet, so we'll
> + * need a further commit step to do the final arrangements.
> + *
> + * It is possible for the task to switch cgroups in this mean time, so at
> + * commit time, we can't rely on task conversion any longer.  We'll then use
> + * the handle argument to return to the caller which cgroup we should commit
> + * against
> + *
> + * Returning true means the allocation is possible.
> + */
> +bool __memcg_kmem_new_page(gfp_t gfp, void *_handle, int order)
> +{
> +	struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
> +	struct mem_cgroup **handle = (struct mem_cgroup **)_handle;
> +	bool ret = true;
> +	size_t size;
> +	struct task_struct *p;
> +
> +	*handle = NULL;
> +	rcu_read_lock();
> +	p = rcu_dereference(current->mm->owner);
> +	memcg = mem_cgroup_from_task(p);
> +	if (!memcg_kmem_enabled(memcg))
> +		goto out;
> +
> +	mem_cgroup_get(memcg);
> +
> +	size = PAGE_SIZE << order;
> +	ret = memcg_charge_kmem(memcg, gfp, size) == 0;
> +	if (!ret) {
> +		mem_cgroup_put(memcg);
> +		goto out;
> +	}
> +
> +	*handle = memcg;
> +out:
> +	rcu_read_unlock();
> +	return ret;
> +}
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL(__memcg_kmem_new_page);
> +
> +void __memcg_kmem_commit_page(struct page *page, void *handle, int order)
> +{
> +	struct page_cgroup *pc;
> +	struct mem_cgroup *memcg = handle;
> +
> +	if (!memcg)
> +		return;
> +
> +	WARN_ON(mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg));
> +	/* The page allocation must have failed. Revert */
> +	if (!page) {
> +		size_t size = PAGE_SIZE << order;
> +
> +		memcg_uncharge_kmem(memcg, size);
> +		mem_cgroup_put(memcg);
> +		return;

> +
> +	pc = lookup_page_cgroup(page);
> +	lock_page_cgroup(pc);
> +	pc->mem_cgroup = memcg;
> +	SetPageCgroupUsed(pc);
> +	unlock_page_cgroup(pc);

I have no problem with the code here.  But, out of curiosity, why do we
need to lock the pc here and below in __memcg_kmem_free_page()?

For the allocating side, I don't think that migration or reclaim will be
manipulating this page.  But is there something else that we need the
locking for?

For the freeing side, it seems that anyone calling
__memcg_kmem_free_page() is going to be freeing a previously accounted
page.

I imagine that if we did not need the locking we would still need some
memory barriers to make sure that modifications to the PG_lru are
serialized wrt. to kmem modifying PageCgroupUsed here.

Perhaps we're just trying to take a conservative initial implementation
which is consistent with user visible pages.

> +}
> +
> +void __memcg_kmem_free_page(struct page *page, int order)
> +{
> +	struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
> +	size_t size;
> +	struct page_cgroup *pc;
> +
> +	if (mem_cgroup_disabled())
> +		return;
> +
> +	pc = lookup_page_cgroup(page);
> +	lock_page_cgroup(pc);
> +	memcg = pc->mem_cgroup;
> +	pc->mem_cgroup = NULL;
> +	if (!PageCgroupUsed(pc)) {

When do we expect to find PageCgroupUsed() unset in this routine?  Is
this just to handle the race of someone enabling kmem accounting after
allocating a page and then later freeing that page?

> +		unlock_page_cgroup(pc);
> +		return;
> +	}
> +	ClearPageCgroupUsed(pc);
> +	unlock_page_cgroup(pc);
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * Checking if kmem accounted is enabled won't work for uncharge, since
> +	 * it is possible that the user enabled kmem tracking, allocated, and
> +	 * then disabled it again.
> +	 *
> +	 * We trust if there is a memcg associated with the page, it is a valid
> +	 * allocation
> +	 */
> +	if (!memcg)
> +		return;
> +
> +	WARN_ON(mem_cgroup_is_root(memcg));
> +	size = (1 << order) << PAGE_SHIFT;
> +	memcg_uncharge_kmem(memcg, size);
> +	mem_cgroup_put(memcg);
> +}
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL(__memcg_kmem_free_page);
>  #endif /* CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM */
>  
>  #if defined(CONFIG_INET) && defined(CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM)
> @@ -5759,3 +5878,69 @@ static int __init enable_swap_account(char *s)
>  __setup("swapaccount=", enable_swap_account);
>  
>  #endif
> +
> +#ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM
> +int memcg_charge_kmem(struct mem_cgroup *memcg, gfp_t gfp, s64 delta)
> +{
> +	struct res_counter *fail_res;
> +	struct mem_cgroup *_memcg;
> +	int ret;
> +	bool may_oom;
> +	bool nofail = false;
> +
> +	may_oom = (gfp & __GFP_WAIT) && (gfp & __GFP_FS) &&
> +	    !(gfp & __GFP_NORETRY);
> +
> +	ret = 0;
> +
> +	if (!memcg)
> +		return ret;
> +
> +	_memcg = memcg;
> +	ret = __mem_cgroup_try_charge(NULL, gfp, delta / PAGE_SIZE,
> +	    &_memcg, may_oom);
> +
> +	if (ret == -EINTR)  {
> +		nofail = true;
> +		/*
> +		 * __mem_cgroup_try_charge() chosed to bypass to root due to
> +		 * OOM kill or fatal signal.  Since our only options are to
> +		 * either fail the allocation or charge it to this cgroup, do
> +		 * it as a temporary condition. But we can't fail. From a
> +		 * kmem/slab perspective, the cache has already been selected,
> +		 * by mem_cgroup_get_kmem_cache(), so it is too late to change
> +		 * our minds
> +		 */
> +		res_counter_charge_nofail(&memcg->res, delta, &fail_res);
> +		if (do_swap_account)
> +			res_counter_charge_nofail(&memcg->memsw, delta,
> +						  &fail_res);
> +		ret = 0;
> +	} else if (ret == -ENOMEM)
> +		return ret;
> +
> +	if (nofail)
> +		res_counter_charge_nofail(&memcg->kmem, delta, &fail_res);
> +	else
> +		ret = res_counter_charge(&memcg->kmem, delta, &fail_res);
> +
> +	if (ret) {
> +		res_counter_uncharge(&memcg->res, delta);
> +		if (do_swap_account)
> +			res_counter_uncharge(&memcg->memsw, delta);
> +	}
> +
> +	return ret;
> +}
> +
> +void memcg_uncharge_kmem(struct mem_cgroup *memcg, s64 delta)
> +{
> +	if (!memcg)
> +		return;
> +
> +	res_counter_uncharge(&memcg->kmem, delta);
> +	res_counter_uncharge(&memcg->res, delta);
> +	if (do_swap_account)
> +		res_counter_uncharge(&memcg->memsw, delta);
> +}
> +#endif /* CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM */
--
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