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Date: Fri, 24 Aug 2012 23:24:09 -0500
From: Jacob Shin <jacob.shin@....com>
To: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@...nel.org>
CC: X86-ML <x86@...nel.org>, LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
"H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@...or.com>, Tejun Heo <tj@...nel.org>,
Dave Young <dyoung@...hat.com>,
Chao Wang <chaowang@...hat.com>,
Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@...hat.com>,
Andreas Herrmann <andreas.herrmann3@....com>,
Borislav Petkov <borislav.petkov@....com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH 3/5] x86: Only direct map addresses that are marked as
E820_RAM
On Fri, Aug 24, 2012 at 06:07:01PM -0700, Yinghai Lu wrote:
> On Fri, Aug 24, 2012 at 4:55 PM, Jacob Shin <jacob.shin@....com> wrote:
> > Currently direct mappings are created for [ 0 to max_low_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT )
> > and [ 4GB to max_pfn<<PAGE_SHIFT ), which may include regions that are not
> > backed by actual DRAM. This is fine for holes under 4GB which are covered
> > by fixed and variable range MTRRs to be UC. However, we run into trouble
> > on higher memory addresses which cannot be covered by MTRRs.
> >
> > Our system with 1TB of RAM has an e820 that looks like this:
> >
> > BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x00000000000983ff] usable
> > BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000098400-0x000000000009ffff] reserved
> > BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000000d0000-0x00000000000fffff] reserved
> > BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x00000000c7ebffff] usable
> > BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000c7ec0000-0x00000000c7ed7fff] ACPI data
> > BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000c7ed8000-0x00000000c7ed9fff] ACPI NVS
> > BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000c7eda000-0x00000000c7ffffff] reserved
> > BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fec00000-0x00000000fec0ffff] reserved
> > BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fee00000-0x00000000fee00fff] reserved
> > BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fff00000-0x00000000ffffffff] reserved
> > BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000000e037ffffff] usable
> > BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000e038000000-0x000000fcffffffff] reserved
> > BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000010000000000-0x0000011ffeffffff] usable
> >
> > and so direct mappings are created for huge memory hole between
> > 0x000000e038000000 to 0x0000010000000000. Even though the kernel never
> > generates memory accesses in that region, since the page tables mark
> > them incorrectly as being WB, our (AMD) processor ends up causing a MCE
> > while doing some memory bookkeeping/optimizations around that area.
> >
> > This patch iterates through e820 and only direct maps ranges that are
> > marked as E820_RAM, and keeps track of those pfn ranges. Depending on
> > the alignment of E820 ranges, this may possibly result in using smaller
> > size (i.e. 4K instead of 2M or 1G) page tables.
> >
> > Signed-off-by: Jacob Shin <jacob.shin@....com>
> > ---
> > arch/x86/include/asm/page_types.h | 9 +++
> > arch/x86/kernel/setup.c | 125 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------
> > arch/x86/mm/init.c | 2 +
> > arch/x86/mm/init_64.c | 6 +-
> > 4 files changed, 112 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/page_types.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/page_types.h
> > index e21fdd1..409047a 100644
> > --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/page_types.h
> > +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/page_types.h
> > @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
> >
> > #include <linux/const.h>
> > #include <linux/types.h>
> > +#include <asm/e820.h>
> >
> > /* PAGE_SHIFT determines the page size */
> > #define PAGE_SHIFT 12
> > @@ -40,12 +41,20 @@
> > #endif /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
> >
> > #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
> > +#include <linux/range.h>
> >
> > extern int devmem_is_allowed(unsigned long pagenr);
> >
> > extern unsigned long max_low_pfn_mapped;
> > extern unsigned long max_pfn_mapped;
> >
> > +extern struct range pfn_mapped[E820_X_MAX];
> > +extern int nr_pfn_mapped;
> > +
> > +extern void add_pfn_range_mapped(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn);
> > +extern bool pfn_range_is_mapped(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn);
> > +extern bool pfn_is_mapped(unsigned long pfn);
> > +
> > static inline phys_addr_t get_max_mapped(void)
> > {
> > return (phys_addr_t)max_pfn_mapped << PAGE_SHIFT;
> > diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c b/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c
> > index 751e020..4217fb4 100644
> > --- a/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c
> > +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/setup.c
> > @@ -115,13 +115,46 @@
> > #include <asm/prom.h>
> >
> > /*
> > - * end_pfn only includes RAM, while max_pfn_mapped includes all e820 entries.
> > - * The direct mapping extends to max_pfn_mapped, so that we can directly access
> > - * apertures, ACPI and other tables without having to play with fixmaps.
> > + * max_low_pfn_mapped: highest direct mapped pfn under 4GB
> > + * max_pfn_mapped: highest direct mapped pfn over 4GB
> > + *
> > + * The direct mapping only covers E820_RAM regions, so the ranges and gaps are
> > + * represented by pfn_mapped
> > */
> > unsigned long max_low_pfn_mapped;
> > unsigned long max_pfn_mapped;
> >
> > +struct range pfn_mapped[E820_X_MAX];
> > +int nr_pfn_mapped;
> > +
> > +void add_pfn_range_mapped(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
> > +{
> > + nr_pfn_mapped = add_range_with_merge(pfn_mapped, E820_X_MAX,
> > + nr_pfn_mapped, start_pfn, end_pfn);
> > +
> > + max_pfn_mapped = max(max_pfn_mapped, end_pfn);
> > +
> > + if (end_pfn <= (1UL << (32 - PAGE_SHIFT)))
> > + max_low_pfn_mapped = max(max_low_pfn_mapped, end_pfn);
> > +}
> > +
> > +bool pfn_range_is_mapped(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
> > +{
> > + int i;
> > +
> > + for (i = 0; i < nr_pfn_mapped; i++)
> > + if ((start_pfn >= pfn_mapped[i].start) &&
> > + (end_pfn <= pfn_mapped[i].end))
> > + return true;
> > +
> > + return false;
> > +}
> > +
> > +bool pfn_is_mapped(unsigned long pfn)
> > +{
> > + return pfn_range_is_mapped(pfn, pfn + 1);
> > +}
> > +
>
> looks like you could avoid add pfn_mapped[] array.
>
> pfn_range_is_mapped() should be
> check max_low_pfn_mapped, max_pfn_mapped with
> e820_all_mapped(start, end, E820_RAM).
Hmm .. I guess that could work .. but what about EFI code that keys off of
EFI memory map? Does the EFI code update e820 and mark as E820_RAM whatever
ranges that it calls init_memory_mapping on (via efi_ioremap?)
I'll try your suggestion on Monday.
>
> Thanks
>
> Yinghai
>
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