Date:	Fri, 21 Dec 2012 23:10:25 +0000
From:	Mel Gorman <mgorman@...e.de>
To:	Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>
Cc:	David Rientjes <rientjes@...gle.com>,
	Ingo Molnar <mingo@...nel.org>,
	Linux Kernel Mailing List <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
	linux-mm <linux-mm@...ck.org>,
	Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@...llo.nl>,
	Paul Turner <pjt@...gle.com>,
	Lee Schermerhorn <Lee.Schermerhorn@...com>,
	Christoph Lameter <cl@...ux.com>,
	Rik van Riel <riel@...hat.com>,
	Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
	Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@...hat.com>,
	Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
	Johannes Weiner <hannes@...xchg.org>,
	Hugh Dickins <hughd@...gle.com>,
	Sasha Levin <levinsasha928@...il.com>,
	KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@...fujitsu.com>
Subject: Re: [patch] mm, mempolicy: Introduce spinlock to read shared policy
 tree

On Fri, Dec 21, 2012 at 02:02:04PM -0800, Linus Torvalds wrote:
> On Fri, Dec 21, 2012 at 11:58 AM, Mel Gorman <mgorman@...e.de> wrote:
> >
> > Kosaki's patch does not fix the actual problem with NUMA hinting
> > faults. Converting to a spinlock is nice but we'd still hold the PTL at
> > the time sp_alloc is called and potentially allocating GFP_KERNEL with a
> > spinlock held.
> 
> The problem I saw reported - and the problem that the "mutex+spinlock"
> patch was fixing - wasn't actually sp_alloc(), but just sp_lookup()
> through mpol_shared_policy_lookup().
> 
> And converting that to a spinlock would definitely fix it - taking
> that spinlock quickly for the lookup while holding the pt lock is
> fine.
> 

Yes, I realised when walking to the shop afterwards that sp_alloc()
should never be called from this path as we're only reading the policy,
no modifications. Kosaki's patch on its own is enough.

> So I don't hate this patch, but I don't see the point of your games in
> do_pmd_numa_page(). I'm not seeing the allocation in mpol_misplaced(),
> and that wasn't what the original report was.
> 

They are unnecessary. This passed the same set of tests. We're still leaking
shared_policy_node which regressed at some point but I'm not going to get
the chance to debug that before the new years unfortunately.

---8<---
mm: mempolicy: Convert shared_policy mutex to spinlock

Sasha was fuzzing with trinity and reported the following problem:

BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at kernel/mutex.c:269
in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 0, pid: 6361, name: trinity-main
2 locks held by trinity-main/6361:
 #0:  (&mm->mmap_sem){++++++}, at: [<ffffffff810aa314>] __do_page_fault+0x1e4/0x4f0
 #1:  (&(&mm->page_table_lock)->rlock){+.+...}, at: [<ffffffff8122f017>] handle_pte_fault+0x3f7/0x6a0
Pid: 6361, comm: trinity-main Tainted: G        W
3.7.0-rc2-next-20121024-sasha-00001-gd95ef01-dirty #74
Call Trace:
 [<ffffffff8114e393>] __might_sleep+0x1c3/0x1e0
 [<ffffffff83ae5209>] mutex_lock_nested+0x29/0x50
 [<ffffffff8124fc3e>] mpol_shared_policy_lookup+0x2e/0x90
 [<ffffffff81219ebe>] shmem_get_policy+0x2e/0x30
 [<ffffffff8124e99a>] get_vma_policy+0x5a/0xa0
 [<ffffffff8124fce1>] mpol_misplaced+0x41/0x1d0
 [<ffffffff8122f085>] handle_pte_fault+0x465/0x6a0

This was triggered by a different version of automatic NUMA balancing but
in theory the current version is vunerable to the same problem.

do_numa_page
  -> numa_migrate_prep
    -> mpol_misplaced
      -> get_vma_policy
        -> shmem_get_policy

It's very unlikely this will happen as shared pages are not marked
pte_numa -- see the page_mapcount() check in change_pte_range() -- but
it is possible.

To address this, this patch restores sp->lock as originally implemented
by Kosaki Motohiro. In the path where get_vma_policy() is called, it
should not be calling sp_alloc() so it is not necessary to treat the PTL
specially.

From: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@...il.com>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@...e.de>
---
 include/linux/mempolicy.h |    2 +-
 mm/mempolicy.c            |   68 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------
 2 files changed, 49 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)

diff --git a/include/linux/mempolicy.h b/include/linux/mempolicy.h
index 9adc270..cc51d17 100644
--- a/include/linux/mempolicy.h
+++ b/include/linux/mempolicy.h
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ struct sp_node {
 
 struct shared_policy {
 	struct rb_root root;
-	struct mutex mutex;
+	spinlock_t lock;
 };
 
 void mpol_shared_policy_init(struct shared_policy *sp, struct mempolicy *mpol);
diff --git a/mm/mempolicy.c b/mm/mempolicy.c
index d1b315e..ed8ebbf 100644
--- a/mm/mempolicy.c
+++ b/mm/mempolicy.c
@@ -2132,7 +2132,7 @@ bool __mpol_equal(struct mempolicy *a, struct mempolicy *b)
  */
 
 /* lookup first element intersecting start-end */
-/* Caller holds sp->mutex */
+/* Caller holds sp->lock */
 static struct sp_node *
 sp_lookup(struct shared_policy *sp, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 {
@@ -2196,13 +2196,13 @@ mpol_shared_policy_lookup(struct shared_policy *sp, unsigned long idx)
 
 	if (!sp->root.rb_node)
 		return NULL;
-	mutex_lock(&sp->mutex);
+	spin_lock(&sp->lock);
 	sn = sp_lookup(sp, idx, idx+1);
 	if (sn) {
 		mpol_get(sn->policy);
 		pol = sn->policy;
 	}
-	mutex_unlock(&sp->mutex);
+	spin_unlock(&sp->lock);
 	return pol;
 }
 
@@ -2328,6 +2328,14 @@ static void sp_delete(struct shared_policy *sp, struct sp_node *n)
 	sp_free(n);
 }
 
+static void sp_node_init(struct sp_node *node, unsigned long start,
+			unsigned long end, struct mempolicy *pol)
+{
+	node->start = start;
+	node->end = end;
+	node->policy = pol;
+}
+
 static struct sp_node *sp_alloc(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
 				struct mempolicy *pol)
 {
@@ -2344,10 +2352,7 @@ static struct sp_node *sp_alloc(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
 		return NULL;
 	}
 	newpol->flags |= MPOL_F_SHARED;
-
-	n->start = start;
-	n->end = end;
-	n->policy = newpol;
+	sp_node_init(n, start, end, newpol);
 
 	return n;
 }
@@ -2357,9 +2362,12 @@ static int shared_policy_replace(struct shared_policy *sp, unsigned long start,
 				 unsigned long end, struct sp_node *new)
 {
 	struct sp_node *n;
+	struct sp_node *n_new = NULL;
+	struct mempolicy *mpol_new = NULL;
 	int ret = 0;
 
-	mutex_lock(&sp->mutex);
+restart:
+	spin_lock(&sp->lock);
 	n = sp_lookup(sp, start, end);
 	/* Take care of old policies in the same range. */
 	while (n && n->start < end) {
@@ -2372,14 +2380,16 @@ static int shared_policy_replace(struct shared_policy *sp, unsigned long start,
 		} else {
 			/* Old policy spanning whole new range. */
 			if (n->end > end) {
-				struct sp_node *new2;
-				new2 = sp_alloc(end, n->end, n->policy);
-				if (!new2) {
-					ret = -ENOMEM;
-					goto out;
-				}
+				if (!n_new)
+					goto alloc_new;
+
+				*mpol_new = *n->policy;
+				atomic_set(&mpol_new->refcnt, 1);
+				sp_node_init(n_new, n->end, end, mpol_new);
+				sp_insert(sp, n_new);
 				n->end = start;
-				sp_insert(sp, new2);
+				n_new = NULL;
+				mpol_new = NULL;
 				break;
 			} else
 				n->end = start;
@@ -2390,9 +2400,27 @@ static int shared_policy_replace(struct shared_policy *sp, unsigned long start,
 	}
 	if (new)
 		sp_insert(sp, new);
-out:
-	mutex_unlock(&sp->mutex);
+	spin_unlock(&sp->lock);
+	ret = 0;
+
+err_out:
+	if (mpol_new)
+		mpol_put(mpol_new);
+	if (n_new)
+		kmem_cache_free(sn_cache, n_new);
+		
 	return ret;
+
+alloc_new:
+	spin_unlock(&sp->lock);
+	ret = -ENOMEM;
+	n_new = kmem_cache_alloc(sn_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!n_new)
+		goto err_out;
+	mpol_new = kmem_cache_alloc(policy_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!mpol_new)
+		goto err_out;
+	goto restart;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -2410,7 +2438,7 @@ void mpol_shared_policy_init(struct shared_policy *sp, struct mempolicy *mpol)
 	int ret;
 
 	sp->root = RB_ROOT;		/* empty tree == default mempolicy */
-	mutex_init(&sp->mutex);
+	spin_lock_init(&sp->lock);
 
 	if (mpol) {
 		struct vm_area_struct pvma;
@@ -2476,14 +2504,14 @@ void mpol_free_shared_policy(struct shared_policy *p)
 
 	if (!p->root.rb_node)
 		return;
-	mutex_lock(&p->mutex);
+	spin_lock(&p->lock);
 	next = rb_first(&p->root);
 	while (next) {
 		n = rb_entry(next, struct sp_node, nd);
 		next = rb_next(&n->nd);
 		sp_delete(p, n);
 	}
-	mutex_unlock(&p->mutex);
+	spin_unlock(&p->lock);
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
--
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