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Message-ID: <0000013dc63a9086-7d10c4a8-748c-4e19-829a-856d8d42c8eb-000000@email.amazonses.com>
Date: Mon, 1 Apr 2013 15:32:43 +0000
From: Christoph Lameter <cl@...ux.com>
To: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@...driver.com>
cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@....com>,
Steven Rostedt <rostedt@...dmis.org>,
LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
RT <linux-rt-users@...r.kernel.org>,
Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
Clark Williams <clark@...hat.com>,
Pekka Enberg <penberg@...nel.org>
Subject: Re: [RT LATENCY] 249 microsecond latency caused by slub's
unfreeze_partials() code.
On Thu, 28 Mar 2013, Paul Gortmaker wrote:
> > Index: linux/init/Kconfig
> > ===================================================================
> > --- linux.orig/init/Kconfig 2013-03-28 12:14:26.958358688 -0500
> > +++ linux/init/Kconfig 2013-03-28 12:19:46.275866639 -0500
> > @@ -1514,6 +1514,14 @@ config SLOB
> >
> > endchoice
> >
> > +config SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL
> > + depends on SLUB
> > + bool "SLUB per cpu partial cache"
> > + help
> > + Per cpu partial caches accellerate freeing of objects at the
> > + price of more indeterminism in the latency of the free.
> > + Typically one would choose no for a realtime system.
>
> Is "batch" a better description than "accelerate" ? Something like
Its not a batching but a cache that is going to be mainly used for new
allocations on the same processor.
> Per cpu partial caches allows batch freeing of objects to maximize
> throughput. However, this can increase the length of time spent
> holding key locks, which can increase latency spikes with respect
> to responsiveness. Select yes unless you are tuning for a realtime
> oriented system.
>
> Also, I believe this will cause a behaviour change for people who
> just run "make oldconfig" -- since there is no default line. Meaning
> that it used to be unconditionally on, but now I think it will be off
> by default, if people just mindlessly hold down Enter key.
Ok.
>
> For RT, we'll want default N if RT_FULL (RT_BASE?) but for mainline,
> I expect you'll want default Y in order to be consistent with previous
> behaviour?
I was not sure exactly how to handle that one yet for realtime. So I need
two different patches?
> I've not built/booted yet, but I'll follow up if I see anything else in doing
> that.
Here is an updated patch. I will also send an updated fixup patch.
Subject: slub: Make cpu partial slab support configurable V2
cpu partial support can introduce level of indeterminism that is not wanted
in certain context (like a realtime kernel). Make it configurable.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@...ux.com>
Index: linux/include/linux/slub_def.h
===================================================================
--- linux.orig/include/linux/slub_def.h 2013-04-01 10:27:05.908964674 -0500
+++ linux/include/linux/slub_def.h 2013-04-01 10:27:19.905178531 -0500
@@ -47,7 +47,9 @@ struct kmem_cache_cpu {
void **freelist; /* Pointer to next available object */
unsigned long tid; /* Globally unique transaction id */
struct page *page; /* The slab from which we are allocating */
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL
struct page *partial; /* Partially allocated frozen slabs */
+#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_STATS
unsigned stat[NR_SLUB_STAT_ITEMS];
#endif
@@ -84,7 +86,9 @@ struct kmem_cache {
int size; /* The size of an object including meta data */
int object_size; /* The size of an object without meta data */
int offset; /* Free pointer offset. */
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL
int cpu_partial; /* Number of per cpu partial objects to keep around */
+#endif
struct kmem_cache_order_objects oo;
/* Allocation and freeing of slabs */
Index: linux/mm/slub.c
===================================================================
--- linux.orig/mm/slub.c 2013-04-01 10:27:05.908964674 -0500
+++ linux/mm/slub.c 2013-04-01 10:27:19.905178531 -0500
@@ -1531,7 +1531,9 @@ static inline void *acquire_slab(struct
return freelist;
}
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL
static int put_cpu_partial(struct kmem_cache *s, struct page *page, int drain);
+#endif
static inline bool pfmemalloc_match(struct page *page, gfp_t gfpflags);
/*
@@ -1570,10 +1572,20 @@ static void *get_partial_node(struct kme
object = t;
available = page->objects - (unsigned long)page->lru.next;
} else {
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL
available = put_cpu_partial(s, page, 0);
stat(s, CPU_PARTIAL_NODE);
+#else
+ BUG();
+#endif
}
- if (kmem_cache_debug(s) || available > s->cpu_partial / 2)
+ if (kmem_cache_debug(s) ||
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL
+ available > s->cpu_partial / 2
+#else
+ available > 0
+#endif
+ )
break;
}
@@ -1874,6 +1886,7 @@ redo:
}
}
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL
/*
* Unfreeze all the cpu partial slabs.
*
@@ -1989,6 +2002,7 @@ static int put_cpu_partial(struct kmem_c
} while (this_cpu_cmpxchg(s->cpu_slab->partial, oldpage, page) != oldpage);
return pobjects;
}
+#endif
static inline void flush_slab(struct kmem_cache *s, struct kmem_cache_cpu *c)
{
@@ -2013,7 +2027,9 @@ static inline void __flush_cpu_slab(stru
if (c->page)
flush_slab(s, c);
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL
unfreeze_partials(s, c);
+#endif
}
}
@@ -2029,7 +2045,11 @@ static bool has_cpu_slab(int cpu, void *
struct kmem_cache *s = info;
struct kmem_cache_cpu *c = per_cpu_ptr(s->cpu_slab, cpu);
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL
return c->page || c->partial;
+#else
+ return c->page;
+#endif
}
static void flush_all(struct kmem_cache *s)
@@ -2225,7 +2245,10 @@ static void *__slab_alloc(struct kmem_ca
page = c->page;
if (!page)
goto new_slab;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL
redo:
+#endif
if (unlikely(!node_match(page, node))) {
stat(s, ALLOC_NODE_MISMATCH);
@@ -2278,6 +2301,7 @@ load_freelist:
new_slab:
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL
if (c->partial) {
page = c->page = c->partial;
c->partial = page->next;
@@ -2285,6 +2309,7 @@ new_slab:
c->freelist = NULL;
goto redo;
}
+#endif
freelist = new_slab_objects(s, gfpflags, node, &c);
@@ -2491,6 +2516,7 @@ static void __slab_free(struct kmem_cach
new.inuse--;
if ((!new.inuse || !prior) && !was_frozen) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL
if (!kmem_cache_debug(s) && !prior)
/*
@@ -2499,7 +2525,9 @@ static void __slab_free(struct kmem_cach
*/
new.frozen = 1;
- else { /* Needs to be taken off a list */
+ else
+#endif
+ { /* Needs to be taken off a list */
n = get_node(s, page_to_nid(page));
/*
@@ -2521,6 +2549,7 @@ static void __slab_free(struct kmem_cach
"__slab_free"));
if (likely(!n)) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL
/*
* If we just froze the page then put it onto the
@@ -2530,6 +2559,7 @@ static void __slab_free(struct kmem_cach
put_cpu_partial(s, page, 1);
stat(s, CPU_PARTIAL_FREE);
}
+#endif
/*
* The list lock was not taken therefore no list
* activity can be necessary.
@@ -3036,7 +3066,7 @@ static int kmem_cache_open(struct kmem_c
* list to avoid pounding the page allocator excessively.
*/
set_min_partial(s, ilog2(s->size) / 2);
-
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL
/*
* cpu_partial determined the maximum number of objects kept in the
* per cpu partial lists of a processor.
@@ -3064,6 +3094,7 @@ static int kmem_cache_open(struct kmem_c
s->cpu_partial = 13;
else
s->cpu_partial = 30;
+#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
s->remote_node_defrag_ratio = 1000;
@@ -4424,13 +4455,14 @@ static ssize_t show_slab_objects(struct
total += x;
nodes[node] += x;
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL
page = ACCESS_ONCE(c->partial);
if (page) {
x = page->pobjects;
total += x;
nodes[node] += x;
}
-
+#endif
per_cpu[node]++;
}
}
@@ -4583,6 +4615,7 @@ static ssize_t min_partial_store(struct
}
SLAB_ATTR(min_partial);
+#ifdef CONFIG_CPU_PARTIAL
static ssize_t cpu_partial_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
return sprintf(buf, "%u\n", s->cpu_partial);
@@ -4605,6 +4638,7 @@ static ssize_t cpu_partial_store(struct
return length;
}
SLAB_ATTR(cpu_partial);
+#endif
static ssize_t ctor_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
@@ -4644,6 +4678,7 @@ static ssize_t objects_partial_show(stru
}
SLAB_ATTR_RO(objects_partial);
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL
static ssize_t slabs_cpu_partial_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
int objects = 0;
@@ -4674,6 +4709,7 @@ static ssize_t slabs_cpu_partial_show(st
return len + sprintf(buf + len, "\n");
}
SLAB_ATTR_RO(slabs_cpu_partial);
+#endif
static ssize_t reclaim_account_show(struct kmem_cache *s, char *buf)
{
@@ -4997,11 +5033,13 @@ STAT_ATTR(DEACTIVATE_BYPASS, deactivate_
STAT_ATTR(ORDER_FALLBACK, order_fallback);
STAT_ATTR(CMPXCHG_DOUBLE_CPU_FAIL, cmpxchg_double_cpu_fail);
STAT_ATTR(CMPXCHG_DOUBLE_FAIL, cmpxchg_double_fail);
+#ifdef CONFIG_CPU_PARTIAL
STAT_ATTR(CPU_PARTIAL_ALLOC, cpu_partial_alloc);
STAT_ATTR(CPU_PARTIAL_FREE, cpu_partial_free);
STAT_ATTR(CPU_PARTIAL_NODE, cpu_partial_node);
STAT_ATTR(CPU_PARTIAL_DRAIN, cpu_partial_drain);
#endif
+#endif
static struct attribute *slab_attrs[] = {
&slab_size_attr.attr,
@@ -5009,7 +5047,9 @@ static struct attribute *slab_attrs[] =
&objs_per_slab_attr.attr,
&order_attr.attr,
&min_partial_attr.attr,
+#ifdef CONFIG_CPU_PARTIAL
&cpu_partial_attr.attr,
+#endif
&objects_attr.attr,
&objects_partial_attr.attr,
&partial_attr.attr,
@@ -5022,7 +5062,9 @@ static struct attribute *slab_attrs[] =
&destroy_by_rcu_attr.attr,
&shrink_attr.attr,
&reserved_attr.attr,
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL
&slabs_cpu_partial_attr.attr,
+#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG
&total_objects_attr.attr,
&slabs_attr.attr,
@@ -5064,11 +5106,13 @@ static struct attribute *slab_attrs[] =
&order_fallback_attr.attr,
&cmpxchg_double_fail_attr.attr,
&cmpxchg_double_cpu_fail_attr.attr,
+#ifdef CONFIG_SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL
&cpu_partial_alloc_attr.attr,
&cpu_partial_free_attr.attr,
&cpu_partial_node_attr.attr,
&cpu_partial_drain_attr.attr,
#endif
+#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_FAILSLAB
&failslab_attr.attr,
#endif
Index: linux/init/Kconfig
===================================================================
--- linux.orig/init/Kconfig 2013-04-01 10:27:05.908964674 -0500
+++ linux/init/Kconfig 2013-04-01 10:31:46.497863625 -0500
@@ -1514,6 +1514,17 @@ config SLOB
endchoice
+config SLUB_CPU_PARTIAL
+ default y
+ depends on SLUB
+ bool "SLUB per cpu partial cache"
+ help
+ Per cpu partial caches accellerate objects allocation and freeing
+ that is local to a processor at the price of more indeterminism
+ in the latency of the free. On overflow these caches will be cleared
+ which requires the taking of locks that may cause latency spikes.
+ Typically one would choose no for a realtime system.
+
config MMAP_ALLOW_UNINITIALIZED
bool "Allow mmapped anonymous memory to be uninitialized"
depends on EXPERT && !MMU
--
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