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Date: Wed, 7 Aug 2013 18:34:42 -0700
From: Kees Cook <keescook@...omium.org>
To: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@...or.com>
Cc: LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei.yes@...il.com>,
Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@...fujitsu.com>,
Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.com>,
"x86@...nel.org" <x86@...nel.org>, Yinghai Lu <yinghai@...nel.org>,
Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@...el.com>,
Borislav Petkov <bp@...en8.de>,
Alexander Duyck <alexander.h.duyck@...el.com>,
Jacob Shin <jacob.shin@....com>,
Pekka Enberg <penberg@...nel.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2] x86, relocs: move ELF relocation handling to C
On Mon, Jul 8, 2013 at 10:35 AM, Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei.yes@...il.com> wrote:
> On 07/09/2013 12:15 AM, Kees Cook wrote:
>> Moves the relocation handling into C, after decompression. This requires
>> that the decompressed size is passed to the decompression routine as
>> well so that relocations can be found. Only kernels that need relocation
>> support will use the code (currently just x86_32), but this is laying
>> the ground work for 64-bit using it in support of KASLR.
>>
>> Based on work by Neill Clift and Michael Davidson.
>>
>> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@...omium.org>
>
> Acked-by: Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@...fujitsu.com>
Hi Peter,
Can this get added to tip?
Thanks,
-Kees
>
>> ---
>> v2:
>> - several suggestions from Zhang Yanfei:
>> - adjusted Kconfig ranges to be per-architecture, updated help text.
>> - used ALIGN macro
>> ---
>> arch/x86/Kconfig | 8 +++-
>> arch/x86/Makefile | 8 ++--
>> arch/x86/boot/compressed/head_32.S | 31 ++------------
>> arch/x86/boot/compressed/head_64.S | 1 +
>> arch/x86/boot/compressed/misc.c | 77 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
>> arch/x86/include/asm/page_32_types.h | 2 +
>> arch/x86/include/asm/page_64_types.h | 5 ---
>> arch/x86/include/asm/page_types.h | 5 +++
>> 8 files changed, 97 insertions(+), 40 deletions(-)
>>
>> diff --git a/arch/x86/Kconfig b/arch/x86/Kconfig
>> index 265c672..7598b55 100644
>> --- a/arch/x86/Kconfig
>> +++ b/arch/x86/Kconfig
>> @@ -1715,9 +1715,10 @@ config X86_NEED_RELOCS
>> depends on X86_32 && RELOCATABLE
>>
>> config PHYSICAL_ALIGN
>> - hex "Alignment value to which kernel should be aligned" if X86_32
>> + hex "Alignment value to which kernel should be aligned"
>> default "0x1000000"
>> - range 0x2000 0x1000000
>> + range 0x2000 0x1000000 if X86_32
>> + range 0x200000 0x1000000 if X86_64
>> ---help---
>> This value puts the alignment restrictions on physical address
>> where kernel is loaded and run from. Kernel is compiled for an
>> @@ -1735,6 +1736,9 @@ config PHYSICAL_ALIGN
>> end result is that kernel runs from a physical address meeting
>> above alignment restrictions.
>>
>> + On 32-bit this value must be a multiple of 0x2000. On 64-bit
>> + this value must be a multiple of 0x200000.
>> +
>> Don't change this unless you know what you are doing.
>>
>> config HOTPLUG_CPU
>> diff --git a/arch/x86/Makefile b/arch/x86/Makefile
>> index 07639c6..41250fb 100644
>> --- a/arch/x86/Makefile
>> +++ b/arch/x86/Makefile
>> @@ -16,6 +16,10 @@ endif
>> # e.g.: obj-y += foo_$(BITS).o
>> export BITS
>>
>> +ifdef CONFIG_X86_NEED_RELOCS
>> + LDFLAGS_vmlinux := --emit-relocs
>> +endif
>> +
>> ifeq ($(CONFIG_X86_32),y)
>> BITS := 32
>> UTS_MACHINE := i386
>> @@ -25,10 +29,6 @@ ifeq ($(CONFIG_X86_32),y)
>> KBUILD_AFLAGS += $(biarch)
>> KBUILD_CFLAGS += $(biarch)
>>
>> - ifdef CONFIG_RELOCATABLE
>> - LDFLAGS_vmlinux := --emit-relocs
>> - endif
>> -
>> KBUILD_CFLAGS += -msoft-float -mregparm=3 -freg-struct-return
>>
>> # Never want PIC in a 32-bit kernel, prevent breakage with GCC built
>> diff --git a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/head_32.S b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/head_32.S
>> index 1e3184f..5d6f689 100644
>> --- a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/head_32.S
>> +++ b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/head_32.S
>> @@ -181,8 +181,9 @@ relocated:
>> /*
>> * Do the decompression, and jump to the new kernel..
>> */
>> - leal z_extract_offset_negative(%ebx), %ebp
>> /* push arguments for decompress_kernel: */
>> + pushl $z_output_len /* decompressed length */
>> + leal z_extract_offset_negative(%ebx), %ebp
>> pushl %ebp /* output address */
>> pushl $z_input_len /* input_len */
>> leal input_data(%ebx), %eax
>> @@ -191,33 +192,7 @@ relocated:
>> pushl %eax /* heap area */
>> pushl %esi /* real mode pointer */
>> call decompress_kernel
>> - addl $20, %esp
>> -
>> -#if CONFIG_RELOCATABLE
>> -/*
>> - * Find the address of the relocations.
>> - */
>> - leal z_output_len(%ebp), %edi
>> -
>> -/*
>> - * Calculate the delta between where vmlinux was compiled to run
>> - * and where it was actually loaded.
>> - */
>> - movl %ebp, %ebx
>> - subl $LOAD_PHYSICAL_ADDR, %ebx
>> - jz 2f /* Nothing to be done if loaded at compiled addr. */
>> -/*
>> - * Process relocations.
>> - */
>> -
>> -1: subl $4, %edi
>> - movl (%edi), %ecx
>> - testl %ecx, %ecx
>> - jz 2f
>> - addl %ebx, -__PAGE_OFFSET(%ebx, %ecx)
>> - jmp 1b
>> -2:
>> -#endif
>> + addl $24, %esp
>>
>> /*
>> * Jump to the decompressed kernel.
>> diff --git a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/head_64.S b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/head_64.S
>> index 06e71c2..c337422 100644
>> --- a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/head_64.S
>> +++ b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/head_64.S
>> @@ -338,6 +338,7 @@ relocated:
>> leaq input_data(%rip), %rdx /* input_data */
>> movl $z_input_len, %ecx /* input_len */
>> movq %rbp, %r8 /* output target address */
>> + movq $z_output_len, %r9 /* decompressed length */
>> call decompress_kernel
>> popq %rsi
>>
>> diff --git a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/misc.c b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/misc.c
>> index 7cb56c6..b756a04 100644
>> --- a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/misc.c
>> +++ b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/misc.c
>> @@ -267,6 +267,79 @@ static void error(char *x)
>> asm("hlt");
>> }
>>
>> +#if CONFIG_X86_NEED_RELOCS
>> +static void handle_relocations(void *output, unsigned long output_len)
>> +{
>> + int *reloc;
>> + unsigned long delta, map, ptr;
>> + unsigned long min_addr = (unsigned long)output;
>> + unsigned long max_addr = min_addr + output_len;
>> +
>> + /*
>> + * Calculate the delta between where vmlinux was linked to load
>> + * and where it was actually loaded.
>> + */
>> + delta = min_addr - LOAD_PHYSICAL_ADDR;
>> + if (!delta) {
>> + debug_putstr("No relocation needed... ");
>> + return;
>> + }
>> + debug_putstr("Performing relocations... ");
>> +
>> + /*
>> + * The kernel contains a table of relocation addresses. Those
>> + * addresses have the final load address of the kernel in virtual
>> + * memory. We are currently working in the self map. So we need to
>> + * create an adjustment for kernel memory addresses to the self map.
>> + * This will involve subtracting out the base address of the kernel.
>> + */
>> + map = delta - __START_KERNEL_map;
>> +
>> + /*
>> + * Process relocations: 32 bit relocations first then 64 bit after.
>> + * Two sets of binary relocations are added to the end of the kernel
>> + * before compression. Each relocation table entry is the kernel
>> + * address of the location which needs to be updated stored as a
>> + * 32-bit value which is sign extended to 64 bits.
>> + *
>> + * Format is:
>> + *
>> + * kernel bits...
>> + * 0 - zero terminator for 64 bit relocations
>> + * 64 bit relocation repeated
>> + * 0 - zero terminator for 32 bit relocations
>> + * 32 bit relocation repeated
>> + *
>> + * So we work backwards from the end of the decompressed image.
>> + */
>> + for (reloc = output + output_len - sizeof(*reloc); *reloc; reloc--) {
>> + int extended = *reloc;
>> + extended += map;
>> +
>> + ptr = (unsigned long)extended;
>> + if (ptr < min_addr || ptr > max_addr)
>> + error("32-bit relocation outside of kernel!\n");
>> +
>> + *(uint32_t *)ptr += delta;
>> + }
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
>> + for (reloc--; *reloc; reloc--) {
>> + long extended = *reloc;
>> + extended += map;
>> +
>> + ptr = (unsigned long)extended;
>> + if (ptr < min_addr || ptr > max_addr)
>> + error("64-bit relocation outside of kernel!\n");
>> +
>> + *(uint64_t *)ptr += delta;
>> + }
>> +#endif
>> +}
>> +#else
>> +static inline void handle_relocations(void *output, unsigned long output_len)
>> +{ }
>> +#endif
>> +
>> static void parse_elf(void *output)
>> {
>> #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
>> @@ -321,7 +394,8 @@ static void parse_elf(void *output)
>> asmlinkage void decompress_kernel(void *rmode, memptr heap,
>> unsigned char *input_data,
>> unsigned long input_len,
>> - unsigned char *output)
>> + unsigned char *output,
>> + unsigned long output_len)
>> {
>> real_mode = rmode;
>>
>> @@ -361,6 +435,7 @@ asmlinkage void decompress_kernel(void *rmode, memptr heap,
>> debug_putstr("\nDecompressing Linux... ");
>> decompress(input_data, input_len, NULL, NULL, output, NULL, error);
>> parse_elf(output);
>> + handle_relocations(output, output_len);
>> debug_putstr("done.\nBooting the kernel.\n");
>> return;
>> }
>> diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/page_32_types.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/page_32_types.h
>> index ef17af0..f48b17d 100644
>> --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/page_32_types.h
>> +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/page_32_types.h
>> @@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
>> */
>> #define __PAGE_OFFSET _AC(CONFIG_PAGE_OFFSET, UL)
>>
>> +#define __START_KERNEL_map __PAGE_OFFSET
>> +
>> #define THREAD_SIZE_ORDER 1
>> #define THREAD_SIZE (PAGE_SIZE << THREAD_SIZE_ORDER)
>>
>> diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/page_64_types.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/page_64_types.h
>> index 6c896fb..43dcd80 100644
>> --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/page_64_types.h
>> +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/page_64_types.h
>> @@ -32,11 +32,6 @@
>> */
>> #define __PAGE_OFFSET _AC(0xffff880000000000, UL)
>>
>> -#define __PHYSICAL_START ((CONFIG_PHYSICAL_START + \
>> - (CONFIG_PHYSICAL_ALIGN - 1)) & \
>> - ~(CONFIG_PHYSICAL_ALIGN - 1))
>> -
>> -#define __START_KERNEL (__START_KERNEL_map + __PHYSICAL_START)
>> #define __START_KERNEL_map _AC(0xffffffff80000000, UL)
>>
>> /* See Documentation/x86/x86_64/mm.txt for a description of the memory map. */
>> diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/page_types.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/page_types.h
>> index 54c9787..f97fbe3 100644
>> --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/page_types.h
>> +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/page_types.h
>> @@ -33,6 +33,11 @@
>> (((current->personality & READ_IMPLIES_EXEC) ? VM_EXEC : 0 ) | \
>> VM_READ | VM_WRITE | VM_MAYREAD | VM_MAYWRITE | VM_MAYEXEC)
>>
>> +#define __PHYSICAL_START ALIGN(CONFIG_PHYSICAL_START, \
>> + CONFIG_PHYSICAL_ALIGN)
>> +
>> +#define __START_KERNEL (__START_KERNEL_map + __PHYSICAL_START)
>> +
>> #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
>> #include <asm/page_64_types.h>
>> #else
>
>
> --
> Thanks.
> Zhang Yanfei
--
Kees Cook
Chrome OS Security
--
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