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Date: Wed, 12 Mar 2014 17:40:36 -0700
From: Kees Cook <keescook@...omium.org>
To: Rusty Russell <rusty@...tcorp.com.au>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>,
Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
Andrew Honig <ahonig@...gle.com>,
Michal Marek <mmarek@...e.cz>,
"x86@...nel.org" <x86@...nel.org>, Tejun Heo <tj@...nel.org>,
Tony Luck <tony.luck@...el.com>,
Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@...el.com>, linux-ia64@...r.kernel.org,
LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2 2/2] kallsyms: handle special absolute symbols
On Wed, Mar 12, 2014 at 5:30 PM, Rusty Russell <rusty@...tcorp.com.au> wrote:
> Kees Cook <keescook@...omium.org> writes:
>> On Fri, Mar 7, 2014 at 5:00 PM, Kees Cook <keescook@...omium.org> wrote:
>>> This forces the entire per_cpu range to be reported as absolute
>>> without losing their linker symbol types, when the per_cpu area is
>>> 0-based. Without this, the variables are incorrectly shown as relocated
>>> under kASLR on x86_64.
>>>
>>> Several kallsyms output in different boot states for comparison of
>>> various symbols:
>>>
>>> $ egrep ' (gdt_|_(stext|_per_cpu_))' /root/kallsyms.nokaslr
>>> 0000000000000000 D __per_cpu_start
>>> 0000000000004000 D gdt_page
>>> 0000000000014280 D __per_cpu_end
>>> ffffffff810001c8 T _stext
>>> ffffffff81ee53c0 D __per_cpu_offset
>>> $ egrep ' (gdt_|_(stext|_per_cpu_))' /root/kallsyms.kaslr1
>>> 000000001f200000 D __per_cpu_start
>>> 000000001f204000 D gdt_page
>>> 000000001f214280 D __per_cpu_end
>>> ffffffffa02001c8 T _stext
>>> ffffffffa10e53c0 D __per_cpu_offset
>>> $ egrep ' (gdt_|_(stext|_per_cpu_))' /root/kallsyms.kaslr2
>>> 000000000d400000 D __per_cpu_start
>>> 000000000d404000 D gdt_page
>>> 000000000d414280 D __per_cpu_end
>>> ffffffff8e4001c8 T _stext
>>> ffffffff8f2e53c0 D __per_cpu_offset
>>> $ egrep ' (gdt_|_(stext|_per_cpu_))' /root/kallsyms.kaslr-fixed
>>> 0000000000000000 D __per_cpu_start
>>> 0000000000004000 D gdt_page
>>> 0000000000014280 D __per_cpu_end
>>> ffffffffadc001c8 T _stext
>>> ffffffffaeae53c0 D __per_cpu_offset
>>>
>>> Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@...omium.org>
>>> ---
>>> v2:
>>> - only force absolute when per_cpu starts at 0.
>>> ---
>>> scripts/kallsyms.c | 20 +++++++++++++++++++-
>>> 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
>>>
>>> diff --git a/scripts/kallsyms.c b/scripts/kallsyms.c
>>> index 08f30ac5b07d..d3f93b8eb277 100644
>>> --- a/scripts/kallsyms.c
>>> +++ b/scripts/kallsyms.c
>>> @@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ struct sym_entry {
>>> unsigned int len;
>>> unsigned int start_pos;
>>> unsigned char *sym;
>>> + int force_absolute;
>>> };
>>>
>>> struct addr_range {
>>> @@ -51,6 +52,14 @@ static struct addr_range text_ranges[] = {
>>> #define text_range_text (&text_ranges[0])
>>> #define text_range_inittext (&text_ranges[1])
>>>
>>> +/*
>>> + * Variables in these ranges, when the start is 0 based, will be forced to
>>> + * be handled as absolute addresses.
>>> + */
>>> +static struct addr_range abs_ranges[] = {
>>> + { "__per_cpu_start", "__per_cpu_end", -1ULL, 0 },
>>> +};
>>> +
>>> static struct sym_entry *table;
>>> static unsigned int table_size, table_cnt;
>>> static int all_symbols = 0;
>>> @@ -165,6 +174,10 @@ static int read_symbol(FILE *in, struct sym_entry *s)
>>> }
>>> strcpy((char *)s->sym + 1, str);
>>> s->sym[0] = stype;
>>> + s->force_absolute = 0;
>>> +
>>> + /* Check if we've found special absolute symbol range. */
>>> + check_symbol_range(sym, s->addr, abs_ranges, ARRAY_SIZE(abs_ranges));
>>>
>>> return 0;
>>> }
>>> @@ -211,6 +224,11 @@ static int symbol_valid(struct sym_entry *s)
>>> if (s->addr < kernel_start_addr)
>>> return 0;
>>>
>>> + /* Force zero-based range special symbols into being absolute. */
>>> + i = symbol_in_range(s, abs_ranges, ARRAY_SIZE(abs_ranges));
>>> + if (i >= 0 && abs_ranges[i].start == 0)
>>> + s->force_absolute = 1;
>>
>> Rusty, is this 0-detection workable for you? If so, should you or akpm
>> carry this series for 3.15?
>
> Damn, sorry, I wrote this patch and seems like I didn't actually send it
> out. No wonder you didn't respond :)
Ah-ha, I was wondering. :)
> This applies on top of your first cleanup patch:
>
> kallsyms: fix percpu vars on x86-64 with relocation.
>
> x86-64 has a problem: per-cpu variables are actually represented by
> their absolute offsets within the per-cpu area, but the symbols are
> not emitted as absolute. Thus kallsyms naively creates them as offsets
> from _text, meaning their values change if the kernel is relocated
> (especially noticeable with CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE):
>
> $ egrep ' (gdt_|_(stext|_per_cpu_))' /root/kallsyms.nokaslr
> 0000000000000000 D __per_cpu_start
> 0000000000004000 D gdt_page
> 0000000000014280 D __per_cpu_end
> ffffffff810001c8 T _stext
> ffffffff81ee53c0 D __per_cpu_offset
> $ egrep ' (gdt_|_(stext|_per_cpu_))' /root/kallsyms.kaslr1
> 000000001f200000 D __per_cpu_start
> 000000001f204000 D gdt_page
> 000000001f214280 D __per_cpu_end
> ffffffffa02001c8 T _stext
> ffffffffa10e53c0 D __per_cpu_offset
>
> Making them absolute symbols is the Right Thing, but requires fixes to
> the relocs tool. So for the moment, we add a --absolute-percpu option
> which makes them absolute from a kallsyms perspective:
Why not just do this with 0-base-address detection like my v2? That
would mean we don't need to remember to add this flag in the future to
imagined new architectures that might want this 0-based per_cpu
feature.
-Kees
>
> $ egrep ' (gdt_|_(stext|_per_cpu_))' /proc/kallsyms # no KASLR
> 0000000000000000 A __per_cpu_start
> 000000000000a000 A gdt_page
> 0000000000013040 A __per_cpu_end
> ffffffff802001c8 T _stext
> ffffffff8099b180 D __per_cpu_offset
> ffffffff809a3000 D __per_cpu_load
> $ egrep ' (gdt_|_(stext|_per_cpu_))' /proc/kallsyms # With KASLR
> 0000000000000000 A __per_cpu_start
> 000000000000a000 A gdt_page
> 0000000000013040 A __per_cpu_end
> ffffffff89c001c8 T _stext
> ffffffff8a39d180 D __per_cpu_offset
> ffffffff8a3a5000 D __per_cpu_load
>
> Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@...tcorp.com.au>
>
> diff --git a/scripts/kallsyms.c b/scripts/kallsyms.c
> index 3c6224728960..21013e739773 100644
> --- a/scripts/kallsyms.c
> +++ b/scripts/kallsyms.c
> @@ -51,9 +51,14 @@ static struct addr_range text_ranges[] = {
> #define text_range_text (&text_ranges[0])
> #define text_range_inittext (&text_ranges[1])
>
> +static struct addr_range percpu_range = {
> + "__per_cpu_start", "__per_cpu_end", -1ULL, 0
> +};
> +
> static struct sym_entry *table;
> static unsigned int table_size, table_cnt;
> static int all_symbols = 0;
> +static int absolute_percpu = 0;
> static char symbol_prefix_char = '\0';
> static unsigned long long kernel_start_addr = 0;
>
> @@ -166,6 +171,9 @@ static int read_symbol(FILE *in, struct sym_entry *s)
> strcpy((char *)s->sym + 1, str);
> s->sym[0] = stype;
>
> + /* Record if we've found __per_cpu_start/end. */
> + check_symbol_range(sym, s->addr, &percpu_range, 1);
> +
> return 0;
> }
>
> @@ -656,6 +664,15 @@ static void sort_symbols(void)
> qsort(table, table_cnt, sizeof(struct sym_entry), compare_symbols);
> }
>
> +static void make_percpus_absolute(void)
> +{
> + unsigned int i;
> +
> + for (i = 0; i < table_cnt; i++)
> + if (symbol_in_range(&table[i], &percpu_range, 1))
> + table[i].sym[0] = 'A';
> +}
> +
> int main(int argc, char **argv)
> {
> if (argc >= 2) {
> @@ -663,6 +683,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
> for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
> if(strcmp(argv[i], "--all-symbols") == 0)
> all_symbols = 1;
> + else if (strcmp(argv[i], "--absolute-percpu") == 0)
> + absolute_percpu = 1;
> else if (strncmp(argv[i], "--symbol-prefix=", 16) == 0) {
> char *p = &argv[i][16];
> /* skip quote */
> @@ -679,6 +701,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
> usage();
>
> read_map(stdin);
> + if (absolute_percpu)
> + make_percpus_absolute();
> sort_symbols();
> optimize_token_table();
> write_src();
> diff --git a/scripts/link-vmlinux.sh b/scripts/link-vmlinux.sh
> index 2dcb37736d84..86a4fe75f453 100644
> --- a/scripts/link-vmlinux.sh
> +++ b/scripts/link-vmlinux.sh
> @@ -86,6 +86,10 @@ kallsyms()
> kallsymopt="${kallsymopt} --page-offset=$CONFIG_PAGE_OFFSET"
> fi
>
> + if [ -n "${CONFIG_X86_64}" ]; then
> + kallsymopt="${kallsymopt} --absolute-percpu"
> + fi
> +
> local aflags="${KBUILD_AFLAGS} ${KBUILD_AFLAGS_KERNEL} \
> ${NOSTDINC_FLAGS} ${LINUXINCLUDE} ${KBUILD_CPPFLAGS}"
>
>
--
Kees Cook
Chrome OS Security
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