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Message-Id: <1396014469-5937-10-git-send-email-jovi.zhangwei@gmail.com>
Date:	Fri, 28 Mar 2014 09:47:30 -0400
From:	Jovi Zhangwei <jovi.zhangwei@...il.com>
To:	Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.org>,
	Steven Rostedt <rostedt@...dmis.org>
Cc:	linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
	Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@...achi.com>,
	Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>,
	Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@...il.com>,
	Jovi Zhangwei <jovi.zhangwei@...il.com>
Subject: [PATCH 09/28] ktap: add runtime/kp_vm.[c|h]

kp_vm.c is ktap runtime execution engine, it execute
all bytecodes and take care core vm stuff.

Exposed functions:

1). kp_vm_new_state:	allocate and init main context.
2). kp_vm_exit:		ktap main thread exit
3). kp_vm_register_lib:	library and built-in functions register interface
4). kp_vm_validate_code:validate bytecode before execute
5). kp_vm_call:		dispatch and execute bytecode, called from probe context
6). kp_vm_call_proto:	called with a new proto, called when start.

ktap runtime pre-allocate context(ktap_state_t) for each cpu and
each probe context(process, irq, sirq, nmi), and pre-allocate
ktap stack memory for each ktap_state.

The key function is kp_vm_call, it dispatch and execute bytecodes.
Computed goto is used for fast dispatch instead of big switch.
All bytecode check its type in runtime, it will return if type mismatch.

Hotloop is checked when execute loop related bytecode, to forbid
deadloop, it limit can be set by module parameter.

Signed-off-by: Jovi Zhangwei <jovi.zhangwei@...il.com>
---
 tools/ktap/runtime/kp_vm.c | 1759 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 tools/ktap/runtime/kp_vm.h |   43 ++
 2 files changed, 1802 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 tools/ktap/runtime/kp_vm.c
 create mode 100644 tools/ktap/runtime/kp_vm.h

diff --git a/tools/ktap/runtime/kp_vm.c b/tools/ktap/runtime/kp_vm.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..49dd201
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/ktap/runtime/kp_vm.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1759 @@
+/*
+ * kp_vm.c - ktap script virtual machine in Linux kernel
+ *
+ * This file is part of ktap by Jovi Zhangwei.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2012-2014 Jovi Zhangwei <jovi.zhangwei@...il.com>.
+ *
+ * Adapted from luajit and lua interpreter.
+ * Copyright (C) 2005-2014 Mike Pall.
+ * Copyright (C) 1994-2008 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
+ *
+ * ktap is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * ktap is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
+ * more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
+ * this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+ * 51 Franklin St - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/ftrace_event.h>
+#include <linux/signal.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include "../include/ktap_types.h"
+#include "../include/ktap_bc.h"
+#include "ktap.h"
+#include "kp_obj.h"
+#include "kp_str.h"
+#include "kp_mempool.h"
+#include "kp_tab.h"
+#include "kp_transport.h"
+#include "kp_vm.h"
+#include "kp_events.h"
+
+#define KTAP_MIN_RESERVED_STACK_SIZE 20
+#define KTAP_STACK_SIZE		120 /* enlarge this value for big stack */
+#define KTAP_STACK_SIZE_BYTES	(KTAP_STACK_SIZE * sizeof(ktap_val_t))
+
+#define KTAP_PERCPU_BUFFER_SIZE	(3 * PAGE_SIZE)
+
+static ktap_cfunction gfunc_get(ktap_state_t *ks, int idx);
+static int gfunc_getidx(ktap_global_state_t *g, ktap_cfunction cfunc);
+
+static ktap_str_t *str_concat(ktap_state_t *ks, StkId top, int start, int end)
+{
+	int i, len = 0;
+	ktap_str_t *ts;
+	char *ptr, *buffer;
+
+	for (i = start; i <= end; i++) {
+		if (!is_string(top + i)) {
+			kp_error(ks, "cannot concat non-string\n");
+			return NULL;
+		}
+
+		len += rawtsvalue(top + i)->len;
+	}
+
+	if (len >= KTAP_PERCPU_BUFFER_SIZE) {
+		kp_error(ks, "Error: too long string concatenation\n");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	preempt_disable_notrace();
+
+	buffer = kp_this_cpu_print_buffer(ks);
+	ptr = buffer;
+
+	for (i = start; i <= end; i++) {
+		int len = rawtsvalue(top + i)->len;
+		strncpy(ptr, svalue(top + i), len);
+		ptr += len;
+	}
+	ts = kp_str_new(ks, buffer, len);
+
+	preempt_enable_notrace();
+
+	return ts;
+}
+
+static ktap_upval_t *findupval(ktap_state_t *ks, StkId slot)
+{
+	ktap_global_state_t *g = G(ks);
+	ktap_upval_t **pp = &ks->openupval;
+	ktap_upval_t *p;
+	ktap_upval_t *uv;
+
+	while (*pp != NULL && (p = *pp)->v >= slot) {
+		if (p->v == slot) {  /* found a corresponding upvalue? */
+			return p;
+		}
+		pp = (ktap_upval_t **)&p->nextgc;
+	}
+
+	/* not found: create a new one */
+	uv = (ktap_upval_t *)kp_malloc(ks, sizeof(ktap_upval_t));
+	if (!uv)
+		return NULL;
+	uv->gct = ~KTAP_TUPVAL;
+	uv->closed = 0; /* still open */
+	uv->v = slot;  /* current value lives in the stack */
+	/* Insert into sorted list of open upvalues. */
+	uv->nextgc = (ktap_obj_t *)*pp;
+	*pp = uv;
+	uv->prev = &g->uvhead;  /* double link it in `uvhead' list */
+	uv->next = g->uvhead.next;
+	uv->next->prev = uv;
+	g->uvhead.next = uv;
+	return uv;
+}
+
+static void unlinkupval(ktap_upval_t *uv)
+{
+	uv->next->prev = uv->prev;  /* remove from `uvhead' list */
+	uv->prev->next = uv->next;
+}
+
+void kp_freeupval(ktap_state_t *ks, ktap_upval_t *uv)
+{
+	if (!uv->closed)  /* is it open? */
+		unlinkupval(uv);  /* remove from open list */
+	kp_free(ks, uv);  /* free upvalue */
+}
+
+/* close upvals */
+static void func_closeuv(ktap_state_t *ks, StkId level)
+{
+	ktap_upval_t *uv;
+	ktap_global_state_t *g = G(ks);
+	while (ks->openupval != NULL &&
+		(uv = ks->openupval)->v >= level) {
+		ktap_obj_t *o = obj2gco(uv);
+		/* remove from `open' list */
+		ks->openupval = (ktap_upval_t *)uv->nextgc;
+		unlinkupval(uv);  /* remove upvalue from 'uvhead' list */
+		set_obj(&uv->tv, uv->v);  /* move value to upvalue slot */
+		uv->v = &uv->tv;  /* now current value lives here */
+		uv->closed = 1;
+		gch(o)->nextgc = g->allgc; /* link upvalue into 'allgc' list */
+		g->allgc = o;
+	}
+}
+
+#define SIZE_KTAP_FUNC(n) (sizeof(ktap_func_t) - sizeof(ktap_obj_t *) + \
+			   sizeof(ktap_obj_t *) * (n))
+static ktap_func_t *func_new_empty(ktap_state_t *ks, ktap_proto_t *pt)
+{
+	ktap_func_t *fn;
+
+	/* only mainthread can create new function */
+	if (ks != G(ks)->mainthread) {
+		kp_error(ks, "only mainthread can create function\n");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	fn = (ktap_func_t *)kp_obj_new(ks, SIZE_KTAP_FUNC(pt->sizeuv));
+	if (!fn)
+		return NULL;
+	fn->gct = ~KTAP_TFUNC;
+	fn->nupvalues = 0; /* Set to zero until upvalues are initialized. */
+	fn->pc = proto_bc(pt);
+	fn->p = pt;
+
+	return fn;
+}
+
+static ktap_func_t *func_new(ktap_state_t *ks, ktap_proto_t *pt,
+			     ktap_func_t *parent, ktap_val_t *base)
+{
+	ktap_func_t *fn;
+	int nuv = pt->sizeuv, i;
+
+	fn = func_new_empty(ks, pt);
+	if (!fn)
+		return NULL;
+
+	fn->nupvalues = nuv;
+	for (i = 0; i < nuv; i++) {
+		uint32_t v = proto_uv(pt)[i];
+		ktap_upval_t *uv;
+
+		if (v & PROTO_UV_LOCAL) {
+			uv = findupval(ks, base + (v & 0xff));
+			if (!uv)
+				return NULL;
+			uv->immutable = ((v /PROTO_UV_IMMUTABLE) & 1);
+		} else {
+			uv = parent->upvals[v];
+		}
+		fn->upvals[i] = uv;
+	}
+	return fn;
+}
+
+static inline int checkstack(ktap_state_t *ks, int n)
+{
+	if (unlikely(ks->stack_last - ks->top <= n)) {
+		kp_error(ks, "stack overflow, please enlarge stack size\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static StkId adjust_varargs(ktap_state_t *ks, ktap_proto_t *p, int actual)
+{
+	int i;
+	int nfixargs = p->numparams;
+	StkId base, fixed;
+
+	/* move fixed parameters to final position */
+	fixed = ks->top - actual;  /* first fixed argument */
+	base = ks->top;  /* final position of first argument */
+
+	for (i=0; i < nfixargs; i++) {
+		set_obj(ks->top++, fixed + i);
+		set_nil(fixed + i);
+	}
+
+	return base;
+}
+
+static void poscall(ktap_state_t *ks, StkId func, StkId first_result,
+		   int wanted)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = wanted; i != 0 && first_result < ks->top; i--)
+		set_obj(func++, first_result++);
+
+	while(i-- > 0)
+		set_nil(func++);
+}
+
+void kp_vm_call_proto(ktap_state_t *ks, ktap_proto_t *pt)
+{
+	ktap_func_t *fn;
+
+	fn = func_new_empty(ks, pt);
+	if (!fn)
+		return;
+	set_func(ks->top++, fn);
+	kp_vm_call(ks, ks->top - 1, 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Hot loop detaction
+ *
+ * Check hot loop detaction in three cases:
+ * 1. jmp -x: this happens in 'while (expr) { ... }'
+ * 2. FORPREP-FORLOOP
+ * 3. TFORCALL-TFORLOOP
+ */ 
+static __always_inline int check_hot_loop(ktap_state_t *ks, int loop_count)
+{
+	if (unlikely(loop_count == kp_max_loop_count)) {
+		kp_error(ks, "loop execute count exceed max limit(%d)\n",
+			     kp_max_loop_count);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define dojump(i, e) { pc += (int)bc_d(i) - BCBIAS_J + e; }
+#define donextjump  { instr = *pc; dojump(instr, 1); }
+
+#define NUMADD(a, b)    ((a) + (b))
+#define NUMSUB(a, b)    ((a) - (b))
+#define NUMMUL(a, b)    ((a) * (b))
+#define NUMDIV(a, b)    ((a) / (b))
+#define NUMUNM(a)       (-(a))
+#define NUMEQ(a, b)     ((a) == (b))
+#define NUMLT(a, b)     ((a) < (b))
+#define NUMLE(a, b)     ((a) <= (b))
+#define NUMMOD(a, b)    ((a) % (b))
+
+#define arith_VV(ks, op) { \
+	ktap_val_t *rb = RB; \
+	ktap_val_t *rc = RC; \
+	if (is_number(rb) && is_number(rc)) { \
+		ktap_number nb = nvalue(rb), nc = nvalue(rc); \
+		set_number(RA, op(nb, nc)); \
+	} else {	\
+		kp_puts(ks, "Error: Cannot make arith operation\n");	\
+		return;	\
+	} }
+
+#define arith_VN(ks, op) { \
+	ktap_val_t *rb = RB; \
+	if (is_number(rb)) { \
+		ktap_number nb = nvalue(rb);\
+		ktap_number nc = nvalue((ktap_val_t *)kbase + bc_c(instr));\
+		set_number(RA, op(nb, nc)); \
+	} else {	\
+		kp_puts(ks, "Error: Cannot make arith operation\n");	\
+		return;	\
+	} }
+
+#define arith_NV(ks, op) { \
+	ktap_val_t *rb = RB; \
+	if (is_number(rb)) { \
+		ktap_number nb = nvalue(rb);\
+		ktap_number nc = nvalue((ktap_val_t *)kbase + bc_c(instr));\
+		set_number(RA, op(nc, nb)); \
+	} else {	\
+		kp_puts(ks, "Error: Cannot make arith operation\n");	\
+		return;	\
+	} }
+
+
+static const char * const bc_names[] = {
+#define BCNAME(name, ma, mb, mc, mt)       #name,
+	BCDEF(BCNAME)
+#undef BCNAME
+	NULL
+};
+
+
+/*
+ * ktap bytecode interpreter routine
+ *
+ *
+ * kp_vm_call only can be used for:
+ * 1). call ktap function, not light C function
+ * 2). accept fixed argument function
+ */
+void kp_vm_call(ktap_state_t *ks, StkId func, int nresults)
+{
+	int loop_count = 0;
+	ktap_func_t *fn;
+	ktap_proto_t *pt;
+	ktap_obj_t **kbase;
+	unsigned int instr, op;
+	const unsigned int *pc;
+	StkId base; /* stack pointer */
+	int multres = 0; /* temp varible */
+	ktap_tab_t *gtab = G(ks)->gtab;
+
+	/* use computed goto for opcode dispatch */
+
+	static void *dispatch_table[] = {
+#define BCNAME(name, ma, mb, mc, mt)       &&DO_BC_##name,
+		BCDEF(BCNAME)
+#undef BCNAME
+	};
+
+#define DISPATCH()				\
+	do {					\
+		instr = *(pc++);		\
+		op = bc_op(instr);		\
+		goto *dispatch_table[op];	\
+	} while (0)
+
+#define RA	(base + bc_a(instr))
+#define RB	(base + bc_b(instr))
+#define RC	(base + bc_c(instr))
+#define RD	(base + bc_d(instr))
+#define RKD	((ktap_val_t *)kbase + bc_d(instr))
+
+	/*TODO: fix argument number mismatch, example: sort cmp closure */
+
+	fn = clvalue(func);
+	pt = fn->p;
+	kbase = fn->p->k;
+	base = func + 1;
+	pc = proto_bc(pt) + 1;
+	ks->top = base + pt->framesize;
+	func->pcr = 0; /* no previous frame */
+
+	/* main loop of interpreter */
+	DISPATCH();
+
+	while (1) {
+	DO_BC_ISLT: /* Jump if A < D */
+		if (!is_number(RA) || !is_number(RD)) {
+			kp_error(ks, "compare with non-number\n");
+			return;
+		}
+
+		if (nvalue(RA) >= nvalue(RD))
+			pc++;
+		else
+			donextjump;
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_ISGE: /* Jump if A >= D */
+		if (!is_number(RA) || !is_number(RD)) {
+			kp_error(ks, "compare with non-number\n");
+			return;
+		}
+
+		if (nvalue(RA) < nvalue(RD))
+			pc++;
+		else
+			donextjump;
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_ISLE: /* Jump if A <= D */
+		if (!is_number(RA) || !is_number(RD)) {
+			kp_error(ks, "compare with non-number\n");
+			return;
+		}
+
+		if (nvalue(RA) > nvalue(RD))
+			pc++;
+		else
+			donextjump;
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_ISGT: /* Jump if A > D */
+		if (!is_number(RA) || !is_number(RD)) {
+			kp_error(ks, "compare with non-number\n");
+			return;
+		}
+
+		if (nvalue(RA) <= nvalue(RD))
+			pc++;
+		else
+			donextjump;
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_ISEQV: /* Jump if A = D */
+		if (!kp_obj_equal(RA, RD))
+			pc++;
+		else
+			donextjump;
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_ISNEV: /* Jump if A != D */
+		if (kp_obj_equal(RA, RD))
+			pc++;
+		else
+			donextjump;
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_ISEQS: { /* Jump if A = D */
+		int idx = ~bc_d(instr);
+
+		if (!is_string(RA) ||
+				rawtsvalue(RA) != (ktap_str_t *)kbase[idx])
+			pc++;
+		else
+			donextjump;
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_ISNES: { /* Jump if A != D */
+		int idx = ~bc_d(instr);
+
+		if (is_string(RA) &&
+			rawtsvalue(RA) == (ktap_str_t *)kbase[idx])
+			pc++;
+		else
+			donextjump;
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_ISEQN: /* Jump if A = D */
+		if (!is_number(RA) || nvalue(RA) !=  nvalue(RKD))
+			pc++;
+		else
+			donextjump;
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_ISNEN: /* Jump if A != D */
+		if (is_number(RA) && nvalue(RA) ==  nvalue(RKD))
+			pc++;
+		else
+			donextjump;
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_ISEQP: /* Jump if A = D */
+		if (itype(RA) != ~bc_d(instr))
+			pc++;
+		else
+			donextjump;
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_ISNEP: /* Jump if A != D */
+		if (itype(RA) == ~bc_d(instr))
+			pc++;
+		else
+			donextjump;
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_ISTC: /* Copy D to A and jump, if D is true */
+		if (itype(RD) == KTAP_TNIL || itype(RD) == KTAP_TFALSE)
+			pc++;
+		else {
+			set_obj(RA, RD);
+			donextjump;
+		}
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_ISFC: /* Copy D to A and jump, if D is false */
+		if (itype(RD) != KTAP_TNIL && itype(RD) != KTAP_TFALSE)
+			pc++;
+		else {
+			set_obj(RA, RD);
+			donextjump;
+		}
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_IST: /* Jump if D is true */
+		if (itype(RD) == KTAP_TNIL || itype(RD) == KTAP_TFALSE)
+			pc++;
+		else
+			donextjump;
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_ISF: /* Jump if D is false */
+		/* only nil and false are considered false,
+		 * all other values are true */
+		if (itype(RD) != KTAP_TNIL && itype(RD) != KTAP_TFALSE)
+			pc++;
+		else
+			donextjump;
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_ISTYPE: /* generated by genlibbc, not compiler; not used now */
+	DO_BC_ISNUM:
+		return;
+	DO_BC_MOV: /* Copy D to A */
+		set_obj(RA, RD);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_NOT: /* Set A to boolean not of D */
+		if (itype(RD) == KTAP_TNIL || itype(RD) == KTAP_TFALSE)
+			setitype(RA, KTAP_TTRUE);
+		else
+			setitype(RA, KTAP_TFALSE);
+
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_UNM: /* Set A to -D (unary minus) */
+		if (!is_number(RD)) {
+			kp_error(ks, "use '-' operator on non-number\n");
+			return;
+		}
+
+		set_number(RA, -nvalue(RD));
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_ADDVN: /* A = B + C */
+		arith_VN(ks, NUMADD);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_SUBVN: /* A = B - C */
+		arith_VN(ks, NUMSUB);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_MULVN: /* A = B * C */
+		arith_VN(ks, NUMMUL);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_DIVVN: /* A = B / C */
+		/* divide 0 checking */
+		if (!nvalue((ktap_val_t *)kbase + bc_c(instr))) {
+			kp_error(ks, "divide 0 arith operation\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		arith_VN(ks, NUMDIV);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_MODVN: /* A = B % C */
+		/* divide 0 checking */
+		if (!nvalue((ktap_val_t *)kbase + bc_c(instr))) {
+			kp_error(ks, "mod 0 arith operation\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		arith_VN(ks, NUMMOD);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_ADDNV: /* A = C + B */
+		arith_NV(ks, NUMADD);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_SUBNV: /* A = C - B */
+		arith_NV(ks, NUMSUB);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_MULNV: /* A = C * B */
+		arith_NV(ks, NUMMUL);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_DIVNV: /* A = C / B */
+		/* divide 0 checking */
+		if (!nvalue(RB)){
+			kp_error(ks, "divide 0 arith operation\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		arith_NV(ks, NUMDIV);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_MODNV: /* A = C % B */
+		/* divide 0 checking */
+		if (!nvalue(RB)){
+			kp_error(ks, "mod 0 arith operation\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		arith_NV(ks, NUMMOD);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_ADDVV: /* A = B + C */
+		arith_VV(ks, NUMADD);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_SUBVV: /* A = B - C */
+		arith_VV(ks, NUMSUB);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_MULVV: /* A = B * C */
+		arith_VV(ks, NUMMUL);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_DIVVV: /* A = B / C */
+		arith_VV(ks, NUMDIV);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_MODVV: /* A = B % C */
+		arith_VV(ks, NUMMOD);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_POW: /* A = B ^ C, rejected */
+		return;
+	DO_BC_CAT: { /* A = B .. ~ .. C */
+		/* The CAT instruction concatenates all values in
+		 * variable slots B to C inclusive. */
+		ktap_str_t *ts = str_concat(ks, base, bc_b(instr),
+					    bc_c(instr));
+		if (!ts)
+			return;
+		
+		set_string(RA, ts);
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_KSTR: { /* Set A to string constant D */
+		int idx = ~bc_d(instr);
+		set_string(RA, (ktap_str_t *)kbase[idx]);
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_KCDATA: /* not used now */
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_KSHORT: /* Set A to 16 bit signed integer D */
+		set_number(RA, bc_d(instr));
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_KNUM: /* Set A to number constant D */
+		set_number(RA, nvalue(RKD));
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_KPRI: /* Set A to primitive D */
+		setitype(RA, ~bc_d(instr));
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_KNIL: { /* Set slots A to D to nil */
+		int i;
+		for (i = 0; i <= bc_d(instr) - bc_a(instr); i++) {
+			set_nil(RA + i);
+		}
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_UGET: /* Set A to upvalue D */
+		set_obj(RA, fn->upvals[bc_d(instr)]->v);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_USETV: /* Set upvalue A to D */
+		set_obj(fn->upvals[bc_a(instr)]->v, RD);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_UINCV: { /* upvalus[A] += D */
+		ktap_val_t *v = fn->upvals[bc_a(instr)]->v;
+		if (unlikely(!is_number(RD) || !is_number(v))) {
+			kp_error(ks, "use '+=' on non-number\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		set_number(v, nvalue(v) + nvalue(RD));
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_USETS: { /* Set upvalue A to string constant D */
+		int idx = ~bc_d(instr);
+		set_string(fn->upvals[bc_a(instr)]->v,
+				(ktap_str_t *)kbase[idx]);
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_USETN: /* Set upvalue A to number constant D */
+		set_number(fn->upvals[bc_a(instr)]->v, nvalue(RKD));
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_UINCN: { /* upvalus[A] += D */
+		ktap_val_t *v = fn->upvals[bc_a(instr)]->v;
+		if (unlikely(!is_number(v))) {
+			kp_error(ks, "use '+=' on non-number\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		set_number(v, nvalue(v) + nvalue(RKD));
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_USETP: /* Set upvalue A to primitive D */
+		setitype(fn->upvals[bc_a(instr)]->v, ~bc_d(instr));
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_UCLO: /* Close upvalues for slots . rbase and jump to target D */
+		if (ks->openupval != NULL)
+			func_closeuv(ks, RA);
+		dojump(instr, 0);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_FNEW: {
+		/* Create new closure from prototype D and store it in A */
+		int idx = ~bc_d(instr);
+		ktap_func_t *subfn = func_new(ks, (ktap_proto_t *)kbase[idx],
+					      fn, base);
+		if (unlikely(!subfn))
+			return;
+		set_func(RA, subfn);
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_TNEW: { /* Set A to new table with size D */
+		/* 
+		 * preallocate default narr and nrec,
+		 * op_b and op_c is not used
+		 * This would allocate more memory for some static table.
+		 */
+		ktap_tab_t *t = kp_tab_new_ah(ks, 0, 0);
+		if (unlikely(!t))
+			return;
+		set_table(RA, t);
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_TDUP: { /* Set A to duplicated template table D */
+		int idx = ~bc_d(instr);
+		ktap_tab_t *t = kp_tab_dup(ks, (ktap_tab_t *)kbase[idx]);
+		if (!t)
+			return;
+		set_table(RA, t);
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_GGET: { /* A = _G[D] */
+		int idx = ~bc_d(instr);
+		kp_tab_getstr(gtab, (ktap_str_t *)kbase[idx], RA);
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_GSET: /* _G[D] = A, rejected. */
+	DO_BC_GINC: /* _G[D] += A, rejected. */
+		return;
+	DO_BC_TGETV: /* A = B[C] */
+		if (unlikely(!is_table(RB))) {
+			kp_error(ks, "get key from non-table\n");
+			return;
+		}
+
+		kp_tab_get(ks, hvalue(RB), RC, RA);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_TGETS: { /* A = B[C] */
+		int idx = ~bc_c(instr);
+
+		if (unlikely(!is_table(RB))) {
+			kp_error(ks, "get key from non-table\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		kp_tab_getstr(hvalue(RB), (ktap_str_t *)kbase[idx], RA);
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_TGETB: { /* A = B[C] */
+		/* 8 bit literal C operand as an unsigned integer
+		 * index (0..255)) */
+		uint8_t idx = bc_c(instr);
+
+		if (unlikely(!is_table(RB))) {
+			kp_error(ks, "set key to non-table\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		kp_tab_getint(hvalue(RB), idx, RA);
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_TGETR: /* generated by genlibbc, not compiler, not used */
+		return;
+	DO_BC_TSETV: /* B[C] = A */
+		if (unlikely(!is_table(RB))) {
+			kp_error(ks, "set key to non-table\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		kp_tab_set(ks, hvalue(RB), RC, RA);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_TINCV: /* B[C] += A */
+		if (unlikely(!is_table(RB))) {
+			kp_error(ks, "set key to non-table\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		if (unlikely(!is_number(RA))) {
+			kp_error(ks, "use '+=' on non-number\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		kp_tab_incr(ks, hvalue(RB), RC, nvalue(RA));
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_TSETS: { /* B[C] = A */
+		int idx = ~bc_c(instr);
+
+		if (unlikely(!is_table(RB))) {
+			kp_error(ks, "set key to non-table\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		kp_tab_setstr(ks, hvalue(RB), (ktap_str_t *)kbase[idx], RA);
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_TINCS: { /* B[C] += A */
+		int idx = ~bc_c(instr);
+
+		if (unlikely(!is_table(RB))) {
+			kp_error(ks, "set key to non-table\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		if (unlikely(!is_number(RA))) {
+			kp_error(ks, "use '+=' on non-number\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		kp_tab_incrstr(ks, hvalue(RB), (ktap_str_t *)kbase[idx],
+				nvalue(RA));
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_TSETB: { /* B[C] = A */
+		/* 8 bit literal C operand as an unsigned integer
+		 * index (0..255)) */
+		uint8_t idx = bc_c(instr);
+
+		if (unlikely(!is_table(RB))) {
+			kp_error(ks, "set key to non-table\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		kp_tab_setint(ks, hvalue(RB), idx, RA);
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_TINCB: { /* B[C] = A */
+		uint8_t idx = bc_c(instr);
+
+		if (unlikely(!is_table(RB))) {
+			kp_error(ks, "set key to non-table\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		if (unlikely(!is_number(RA))) {
+			kp_error(ks, "use '+=' on non-number\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		kp_tab_incrint(ks, hvalue(RB), idx, nvalue(RA));
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_TSETM: /* don't support */
+		return;
+	DO_BC_TSETR: /* generated by genlibbc, not compiler, not used */
+		return;
+	DO_BC_CALLM:
+	DO_BC_CALL: { /* b: return_number + 1; c: argument + 1 */
+		int c = bc_c(instr);
+		int nresults = bc_b(instr) - 1;
+		StkId oldtop = ks->top;
+		StkId newfunc = RA;
+
+		if (op == BC_CALL && c != 0)
+			ks->top = RA + c;
+		else if (op == BC_CALLM)
+			ks->top = RA + c + multres;
+
+		if (itype(newfunc) == KTAP_TCFUNC) { /* light C function */
+			ktap_cfunction f = fvalue(newfunc);
+			int n;
+
+			if (unlikely(checkstack(ks,
+					KTAP_MIN_RESERVED_STACK_SIZE)))
+				return;
+
+			ks->func = newfunc;
+			n = (*f)(ks);
+			if (unlikely(n < 0)) /* error occured */
+				return;
+			poscall(ks, newfunc, ks->top - n, nresults);
+
+			ks->top = oldtop;
+			multres = n + 1; /* set to multres */
+			DISPATCH();
+		} else if (itype(newfunc) == KTAP_TFUNC) { /* ktap function */
+			int n;
+
+			func = newfunc;
+			pt = clvalue(func)->p;
+
+			if (unlikely(checkstack(ks, pt->framesize)))
+				return;
+
+			/* get number of real arguments */
+			n = (int)(ks->top - func) - 1;
+
+			/* complete missing arguments */
+			for (; n < pt->numparams; n++)
+				set_nil(ks->top++);
+
+			base = (!(pt->flags & PROTO_VARARG)) ? func + 1 :
+						adjust_varargs(ks, pt, n);
+
+			fn = clvalue(func);
+			pt = fn->p;
+			kbase = pt->k;
+			func->pcr = pc - 1; /* save pc */
+			ks->top = base + pt->framesize;
+			pc = proto_bc(pt) + 1; /* starting point */
+			DISPATCH();
+		} else {
+			kp_error(ks, "attempt to call nil function\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		}
+	DO_BC_CALLMT: /* don't support */
+		return;
+	DO_BC_CALLT: { /* Tailcall: return A(A+1, ..., A+D-1) */
+		StkId nfunc = RA;
+
+		if (itype(nfunc) == KTAP_TCFUNC) { /* light C function */
+			kp_error(ks, "don't support callt for C function");
+			return;
+		} else if (itype(nfunc) == KTAP_TFUNC) { /* ktap function */
+			int aux;
+
+			/*
+			 * tail call: put called frame (n) in place of
+			 * caller one (o)
+			 */
+			StkId ofunc = func; /* caller function */
+			/* last stack slot filled by 'precall' */
+			StkId lim = nfunc + 1 + clvalue(nfunc)->p->numparams;
+
+			fn = clvalue(nfunc);
+			ofunc->val = nfunc->val;
+
+			/* move new frame into old one */
+			for (aux = 1; nfunc + aux < lim; aux++)
+				set_obj(ofunc + aux, nfunc + aux);
+
+			pt = fn->p;
+			kbase = pt->k;
+			ks->top = base + pt->framesize;
+			pc = proto_bc(pt) + 1; /* starting point */
+			DISPATCH();
+		} else {
+			kp_error(ks, "attempt to call nil function\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		}
+	DO_BC_ITERC: /* don't support it now */
+		return;
+	DO_BC_ITERN: /* Specialized ITERC, if iterator function A-3 is next()*/
+		/* detect hot loop */
+		if (unlikely(check_hot_loop(ks, loop_count++) < 0))
+			return;
+
+		if (kp_tab_next(ks, hvalue(RA - 2), RA)) {
+			donextjump; /* Get jump target from ITERL */
+		} else {
+			pc++; /* jump to ITERL + 1 */
+		}
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_VARG: /* don't support */
+		return;
+	DO_BC_ISNEXT: /* Verify ITERN specialization and jump */
+		if (!is_cfunc(RA - 3) || !is_table(RA - 2) || !is_nil(RA - 1)
+			|| fvalue(RA - 3) != (ktap_cfunction)kp_tab_next) {
+			/* Despecialize bytecode if any of the checks fail. */
+			setbc_op(pc - 1, BC_JMP);
+			dojump(instr, 0);
+			setbc_op(pc, BC_ITERC);
+		} else {
+			dojump(instr, 0);
+			set_nil(RA); /* init control variable */
+		}
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_RETM: /* don't support return multiple values */
+	DO_BC_RET:
+		return;
+	DO_BC_RET0:
+		/* if it's called from external invocation, just return */
+		if (!func->pcr)
+			return;
+
+		pc = func->pcr; /* restore PC */
+
+		multres = bc_d(instr);
+		set_nil(func);
+
+		base = func - bc_a(*pc);
+		func = base - 1;
+		fn = clvalue(func);
+		kbase = fn->p->k;
+		ks->top = base + pt->framesize;
+		pc++;
+
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_RET1:
+		/* if it's called from external invocation, just return */
+		if (!func->pcr)
+			return;
+
+		pc = func->pcr; /* restore PC */
+
+		multres = bc_d(instr);
+		set_obj(base - 1, RA); /* move result */
+
+		base = func - bc_a(*pc);
+		func = base - 1;
+		fn = clvalue(func);
+		kbase = fn->p->k;
+		ks->top = base + pt->framesize;
+		pc++;
+
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_FORI: { /* Numeric 'for' loop init */
+		ktap_number idx;
+		ktap_number limit;
+		ktap_number step;
+
+		if (unlikely(!is_number(RA) || !is_number(RA + 1) ||
+				!is_number(RA + 2))) {
+			kp_error(ks, KTAP_QL("for")
+				 " init/limit/step value must be a number\n");
+			return;
+		}
+
+		idx = nvalue(RA);
+		limit = nvalue(RA + 1);
+		step = nvalue(RA + 2);
+
+		if (NUMLT(0, step) ? NUMLE(idx, limit) : NUMLE(limit, idx)) {
+			set_number(RA + 3, nvalue(RA));
+		} else {
+			dojump(instr, 0);
+		}
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_JFORI: /* not used */
+		return;
+	DO_BC_FORL: { /* Numeric 'for' loop */
+		ktap_number step = nvalue(RA + 2);
+		/* increment index */
+		ktap_number idx = NUMADD(nvalue(RA), step);
+		ktap_number limit = nvalue(RA + 1);
+		if (NUMLT(0, step) ? NUMLE(idx, limit) : NUMLE(limit, idx)) {
+			dojump(instr, 0); /* jump back */
+			set_number(RA, idx);  /* update internal index... */
+			set_number(RA + 3, idx);  /* ...and external index */
+		}
+
+		if (unlikely(check_hot_loop(ks, loop_count++) < 0))
+			return;
+
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_IFORL: /* not used */
+	DO_BC_JFORL:
+	DO_BC_ITERL:
+	DO_BC_IITERL:
+	DO_BC_JITERL:
+		return;
+	DO_BC_LOOP: /* Generic loop */
+		/* ktap use this bc to detect hot loop */
+		if (unlikely(check_hot_loop(ks, loop_count++) < 0))
+			return;
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_ILOOP: /* not used */
+	DO_BC_JLOOP:
+		return;
+	DO_BC_JMP: /* Jump */
+		dojump(instr, 0);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_FUNCF: /* function header, not used */
+	DO_BC_IFUNCF:
+	DO_BC_JFUNCF:
+	DO_BC_FUNCV:
+	DO_BC_IFUNCV:
+	DO_BC_JFUNCV:
+	DO_BC_FUNCC:
+	DO_BC_FUNCCW:	
+		return;
+	DO_BC_VARGN: /* arg0 .. arg9*/
+		if (unlikely(!ks->current_event)) {
+			kp_error(ks, "invalid event context\n");
+			return;
+		}
+
+		kp_event_getarg(ks, RA, bc_d(instr));
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_VARGSTR: { /* argstr */
+		/*
+		 * If you pass argstr to print/printf function directly,
+		 * then no extra string generated, so don't worry string
+		 * poll size for below case:
+		 *     print(argstr)
+		 *
+		 * If you use argstr as table key like below, then it may
+		 * overflow your string pool size, so be care of on it.
+		 *     table[argstr] = V
+		 *
+		 * If you assign argstr to upval or table value like below,
+		 * it don't really write string, just write type KTAP_TEVENTSTR,
+		 * the value will be interpreted when value print out in valid
+		 * event context, if context mismatch, error will report.
+		 *     table[V] = argstr
+		 *     upval = argstr
+		 *
+		 * If you want to save real string of argstr, then use it like
+		 * below, again, be care of string pool size in this case.
+		 *     table[V] = stringof(argstr)
+		 *     upval = stringof(argstr)
+		 */
+		struct ktap_event_data *e = ks->current_event;
+
+		if (unlikely(!e)) {
+			kp_error(ks, "invalid event context\n");
+			return;
+		}
+
+		if (e->argstr) /* argstr been stringified */
+			set_string(RA, e->argstr);
+		else
+			set_eventstr(RA);
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_VPROBENAME: { /* probename */
+		struct ktap_event_data *e = ks->current_event;
+
+		if (unlikely(!e)) {
+			kp_error(ks, "invalid event context\n");
+			return;
+		}
+		set_string(RA, e->event->name);
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_VPID: /* pid */
+		set_number(RA, (int)current->pid);
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_VTID: /* tid */
+		set_number(RA, (int)task_pid_vnr(current));
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_VUID: { /* uid */
+#if LINUX_VERSION_CODE >= KERNEL_VERSION(3, 5, 0)
+		uid_t uid = from_kuid_munged(current_user_ns(), current_uid());
+#else
+		uid_t uid = current_uid();
+#endif
+		set_number(RA, (int)uid);
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_VCPU: /* cpu */
+		set_number(RA, smp_processor_id());
+		DISPATCH();
+	DO_BC_VEXECNAME: { /* execname */
+		ktap_str_t *ts = kp_str_newz(ks, current->comm);
+		if (unlikely(!ts))
+			return;
+		set_string(RA, ts);
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	DO_BC_GFUNC: { /* Call built-in C function, patched by BC_GGET */
+		ktap_cfunction cfunc = gfunc_get(ks, bc_d(instr));
+		set_cfunc(RA, cfunc);
+		DISPATCH();
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Validate byte code and static analysis.
+ *
+ * TODO: more type checking before real running.
+ */
+int kp_vm_validate_code(ktap_state_t *ks, ktap_proto_t *pt, ktap_val_t *base)
+{
+	const unsigned int *pc = proto_bc(pt) + 1;
+	unsigned int instr, op;
+	ktap_obj_t **kbase = pt->k;
+	ktap_tab_t *gtab = G(ks)->gtab;
+	int i;
+
+#define RA	(base + bc_a(instr))
+#define RB	(base + bc_b(instr))
+#define RC	(base + bc_c(instr))
+#define RD	(base + bc_d(instr))
+
+	if (pt->framesize > KP_MAX_SLOTS) {
+		kp_error(ks, "exceed max frame size %d\n", pt->framesize);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (base + pt->framesize > ks->stack_last) {
+		kp_error(ks, "stack overflow\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < pt->sizebc - 1; i++) {
+		instr = *pc++;
+		op = bc_op(instr);
+
+
+		if (op >= BC__MAX) {
+			kp_error(ks, "unknown byte code %d\n", op);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		switch (op) {
+		case BC_FNEW: {
+			int idx = ~bc_d(instr);
+			ktap_proto_t *newpt = (ktap_proto_t *)kbase[idx];
+			if (kp_vm_validate_code(ks, newpt, RA + 1))
+				return -1;
+
+			break;
+			}
+		case BC_RETM: case BC_RET:
+			kp_error(ks, "don't support return multiple values\n");
+			return -1;
+		case BC_GSET: case BC_GINC: { /* _G[D] = A, _G[D] += A */
+			int idx = ~bc_d(instr);
+			ktap_str_t *ts = (ktap_str_t *)kbase[idx];
+			kp_error(ks, "cannot set global variable '%s'\n",
+					getstr(ts));
+			return -1;
+			}
+		case BC_GGET: {
+			int idx = ~bc_d(instr);
+			ktap_str_t *ts = (ktap_str_t *)kbase[idx];
+			ktap_val_t val;
+			kp_tab_getstr(gtab, ts, &val);
+			if (is_nil(&val)) {
+				kp_error(ks, "undefined global variable"
+						" '%s'\n", getstr(ts));
+				return -1;
+			} else if (is_cfunc(&val)) {
+				int idx = gfunc_getidx(G(ks), fvalue(&val));
+				if (idx >= 0) {
+					/* patch BC_GGET bytecode to BC_GFUNC */
+					setbc_op(pc - 1, BC_GFUNC);
+					setbc_d(pc - 1, idx);
+				}
+			}
+			break;
+			}
+		case BC_ITERC:
+			kp_error(ks, "ktap only support pairs iteraor\n");
+			return -1;
+		case BC_POW:
+			kp_error(ks, "ktap don't support pow arith\n");
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* return cfunction by idx */
+static ktap_cfunction gfunc_get(ktap_state_t *ks, int idx)
+{
+	return G(ks)->gfunc_tbl[idx];
+}
+
+/* get cfunction index, the index is for fast get cfunction in runtime */
+static int gfunc_getidx(ktap_global_state_t *g, ktap_cfunction cfunc)
+{
+	int nr = g->nr_builtin_cfunction;
+	ktap_cfunction *gfunc_tbl = g->gfunc_tbl;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
+		if (gfunc_tbl[i] == cfunc)
+			return i;
+	}
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static void gfunc_add(ktap_state_t *ks, ktap_cfunction cfunc)
+{
+	int nr = G(ks)->nr_builtin_cfunction;
+
+	if (nr == KP_MAX_CACHED_CFUNCTION) {
+		kp_error(ks, "please enlarge KP_MAX_CACHED_CFUNCTION %d\n",
+				KP_MAX_CACHED_CFUNCTION);
+		return;
+	}
+	G(ks)->gfunc_tbl[nr] = cfunc;
+	G(ks)->nr_builtin_cfunction++;
+}
+
+/* function for register library */
+int kp_vm_register_lib(ktap_state_t *ks, const char *libname,
+		       const ktap_libfunc_t *funcs)
+{
+	ktap_tab_t *gtab = G(ks)->gtab;
+	ktap_tab_t *target_tbl;
+	int i;
+
+	/* lib is null when register baselib function */
+	if (libname == NULL)
+		target_tbl = gtab;
+	else {
+		ktap_val_t key, val;
+		ktap_str_t *ts = kp_str_newz(ks, libname);
+		if (!ts)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+
+		/* calculate the function number contained by this library */
+		for (i = 0; funcs[i].name != NULL; i++) {
+		}
+
+		target_tbl = kp_tab_new_ah(ks, 0, i + 1);
+		if (!target_tbl)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+
+		set_string(&key, ts);
+		set_table(&val, target_tbl);
+		kp_tab_set(ks, gtab, &key, &val);
+	}
+
+	/* TODO: be care of same function name issue, foo() and tbl.foo() */
+	for (i = 0; funcs[i].name != NULL; i++) {
+		ktap_str_t *func_name = kp_str_newz(ks, funcs[i].name);
+		ktap_val_t fn;
+
+		if (unlikely(!func_name))
+			return -ENOMEM;
+
+		set_cfunc(&fn, funcs[i].func);
+		kp_tab_setstr(ks, target_tbl, func_name, &fn);
+
+		gfunc_add(ks, funcs[i].func);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int init_registry(ktap_state_t *ks)
+{
+	ktap_tab_t *registry = kp_tab_new_ah(ks, 2, 0);
+	ktap_val_t gtbl;
+	ktap_tab_t *t;
+
+	if (!registry)
+		return -1;
+
+	set_table(&G(ks)->registry, registry);
+
+	/* assume there will have max 1024 global variables */
+	t = kp_tab_new_ah(ks, 0, 1024);
+	if (!t)
+		return -1;
+
+	set_table(&gtbl, t);
+	kp_tab_setint(ks, registry, KTAP_RIDX_GLOBALS, &gtbl);
+	G(ks)->gtab = t;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int init_arguments(ktap_state_t *ks, int argc, char __user **user_argv)
+{
+	ktap_tab_t *gtbl = G(ks)->gtab;
+	ktap_tab_t *arg_tbl = kp_tab_new_ah(ks, argc, 1);
+	ktap_val_t arg_tblval;
+	ktap_val_t arg_tsval;
+	ktap_str_t *argts = kp_str_newz(ks, "arg");
+	char **argv;
+	int i, ret;
+
+	if (!arg_tbl)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (unlikely(!argts))
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	set_string(&arg_tsval, argts);
+	set_table(&arg_tblval, arg_tbl);
+	kp_tab_set(ks, gtbl, &arg_tsval, &arg_tblval);
+
+	if (!argc)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (argc > 1024)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	argv = kzalloc(argc * sizeof(char *), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!argv)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	ret = copy_from_user(argv, user_argv, argc * sizeof(char *));
+	if (ret < 0) {
+		kfree(argv);
+		return -EFAULT;
+	}
+
+	ret = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+		ktap_val_t val;
+		char __user *ustr = argv[i];
+		char *kstr;
+		int len;
+		int res;
+
+		len = strlen_user(ustr);
+		if (len > 0x1000) {
+			ret = -EINVAL;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		kstr = kmalloc(len + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!kstr) {
+			ret = -ENOMEM;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (strncpy_from_user(kstr, ustr, len) < 0) {
+			kfree(kstr);
+			ret = -EFAULT;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		kstr[len] = '\0';
+
+		if (!kstrtoint(kstr, 10, &res)) {
+			set_number(&val, res);
+		} else {
+			ktap_str_t *ts = kp_str_newz(ks, kstr);
+			if (unlikely(!ts)) {
+				kfree(kstr);
+				ret = -ENOMEM;
+				break;
+			}
+				
+			set_string(&val, ts);
+		}
+
+		kp_tab_setint(ks, arg_tbl, i, &val);
+
+		kfree(kstr);
+	}
+
+	kfree(argv);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void free_preserved_data(ktap_state_t *ks)
+{
+	int cpu, i, j;
+
+	/* free stack for each allocated ktap_state */
+	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
+		for (j = 0; j < PERF_NR_CONTEXTS; j++) {
+			void *percpu_state = G(ks)->percpu_state[j];
+			ktap_state_t *pks;
+
+			if (!percpu_state)
+				break;
+			pks = per_cpu_ptr(percpu_state, cpu);
+			if (!ks)
+				break;
+			kfree(pks->stack);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* free percpu ktap_state */
+	for (i = 0; i < PERF_NR_CONTEXTS; i++) {
+		if (G(ks)->percpu_state[i])
+			free_percpu(G(ks)->percpu_state[i]);
+	}
+
+	/* free percpu ktap print buffer */
+	for (i = 0; i < PERF_NR_CONTEXTS; i++) {
+		if (G(ks)->percpu_print_buffer[i])
+			free_percpu(G(ks)->percpu_print_buffer[i]);
+	}
+
+	/* free percpu ktap temp buffer */
+	for (i = 0; i < PERF_NR_CONTEXTS; i++) {
+		if (G(ks)->percpu_temp_buffer[i])
+			free_percpu(G(ks)->percpu_temp_buffer[i]);
+	}
+
+	/* free percpu ktap recursion context flag */
+	for (i = 0; i < PERF_NR_CONTEXTS; i++)
+		if (G(ks)->recursion_context[i])
+			free_percpu(G(ks)->recursion_context[i]);
+}
+
+#define ALLOC_PERCPU(size)  __alloc_percpu(size, __alignof__(char))
+static int init_preserved_data(ktap_state_t *ks)
+{
+	void __percpu *data;
+	int cpu, i, j;
+
+	/* init percpu ktap_state */
+	for (i = 0; i < PERF_NR_CONTEXTS; i++) {
+		data = ALLOC_PERCPU(sizeof(ktap_state_t));
+		if (!data)
+			goto fail;
+		G(ks)->percpu_state[i] = data;
+	}
+
+	/* init stack for each allocated ktap_state */
+	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
+		for (j = 0; j < PERF_NR_CONTEXTS; j++) {
+			void *percpu_state = G(ks)->percpu_state[j];
+			ktap_state_t *pks;
+
+			if (!percpu_state)
+				break;
+			pks = per_cpu_ptr(percpu_state, cpu);
+			if (!ks)
+				break;
+			pks->stack = kzalloc(KTAP_STACK_SIZE_BYTES, GFP_KERNEL);
+			if (!pks->stack)
+				goto fail;
+
+			pks->stack_last = pks->stack + KTAP_STACK_SIZE;
+			G(pks) = G(ks);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* init percpu ktap print buffer */
+	for (i = 0; i < PERF_NR_CONTEXTS; i++) {
+		data = ALLOC_PERCPU(KTAP_PERCPU_BUFFER_SIZE);
+		if (!data)
+			goto fail;
+		G(ks)->percpu_print_buffer[i] = data;
+	}
+
+	/* init percpu ktap temp buffer */
+	for (i = 0; i < PERF_NR_CONTEXTS; i++) {
+		data = ALLOC_PERCPU(KTAP_PERCPU_BUFFER_SIZE);
+		if (!data)
+			goto fail;
+		G(ks)->percpu_temp_buffer[i] = data;
+	}
+
+	/* init percpu ktap recursion context flag */
+	for (i = 0; i < PERF_NR_CONTEXTS; i++) {
+		data = alloc_percpu(int);
+		if (!data)
+			goto fail;
+		G(ks)->recursion_context[i] = data;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+
+ fail:
+	free_preserved_data(ks);
+	return -ENOMEM;
+}
+
+/*
+ * wait ktapio thread read all content in ring buffer.
+ *
+ * Here we use stupid approach to sync with ktapio thread,
+ * note that we cannot use semaphore/completion/other sync method,
+ * because ktapio thread could be killed by SIG_KILL in anytime, there
+ * have no safe way to up semaphore or wake waitqueue before thread exit.
+ *
+ * we also cannot use waitqueue of current->signal->wait_chldexit to sync
+ * exit, becasue mainthread and ktapio thread are in same thread group.
+ *
+ * Also ktap mainthread must wait ktapio thread exit, otherwise ktapio
+ * thread will oops when access ktap structure.
+ */
+static void wait_user_completion(ktap_state_t *ks)
+{
+	struct task_struct *tsk = G(ks)->task;
+	G(ks)->wait_user = 1;
+
+	while (1) {
+		set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
+		/* sleep for 100 msecs, and try again. */
+		schedule_timeout(HZ / 10);
+
+		if (get_nr_threads(tsk) == 1)
+			break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void sleep_loop(ktap_state_t *ks,
+			int (*actor)(ktap_state_t *ks, void *arg), void *arg)
+{
+	while (!ks->stop) {
+		set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
+		/* sleep for 100 msecs, and try again. */
+		schedule_timeout(HZ / 10);
+
+		if (actor(ks, arg))
+			return;
+	}
+}
+
+static int sl_wait_task_pause_actor(ktap_state_t *ks, void *arg)
+{
+	struct task_struct *task = (struct task_struct *)arg;
+
+	if (task->state)
+		return 1;
+	else
+		return 0;
+}
+
+static int sl_wait_task_exit_actor(ktap_state_t *ks, void *arg)
+{
+	struct task_struct *task = (struct task_struct *)arg;
+
+	if (signal_pending(current)) {
+		flush_signals(current);
+
+		/* newline for handle CTRL+C display as ^C */
+		kp_puts(ks, "\n");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	/* stop waiting if target pid is exited */
+	if (task && task->state == TASK_DEAD)
+			return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* wait user interrupt, signal killed */
+static void wait_user_interrupt(ktap_state_t *ks)
+{
+	struct task_struct *task = G(ks)->trace_task;
+
+	if (G(ks)->state == KTAP_EXIT || G(ks)->state == KTAP_ERROR)
+		return;
+
+	/* let tracing goes now. */
+	ks->stop = 0;
+
+	if (G(ks)->parm->workload) {
+		/* make sure workload is in pause state
+		 * so it won't miss the signal */
+		sleep_loop(ks, sl_wait_task_pause_actor, task);
+		/* tell workload process to start executing */
+		send_sig(SIGINT, G(ks)->trace_task, 0);
+	}
+
+	if (!G(ks)->parm->quiet)
+		kp_printf(ks, "Tracing... Hit Ctrl-C to end.\n");
+
+	sleep_loop(ks, sl_wait_task_exit_actor, task);
+}
+
+/*
+ * ktap exit, free all resources.
+ */
+void kp_vm_exit(ktap_state_t *ks)
+{
+	if (!list_empty(&G(ks)->events_head) ||
+	    !list_empty(&G(ks)->timers))
+		wait_user_interrupt(ks);
+
+	kp_exit_timers(ks);
+	kp_events_exit(ks);
+
+	/* free all resources got by ktap */
+	kp_str_freeall(ks);
+	kp_mempool_destroy(ks);
+
+	func_closeuv(ks, 0); /* close all open upvals, let below call free it */
+	kp_obj_freeall(ks);
+
+	kp_vm_exit_thread(ks);
+	kp_free(ks, ks->stack);
+
+	free_preserved_data(ks);
+	free_cpumask_var(G(ks)->cpumask);
+
+	wait_user_completion(ks);
+
+	/* should invoke after wait_user_completion */
+	if (G(ks)->trace_task)
+		put_task_struct(G(ks)->trace_task);
+
+	kp_transport_exit(ks);
+	kp_free(ks, ks); /* free self */
+}
+
+/*
+ * ktap mainthread initization
+ */
+ktap_state_t *kp_vm_new_state(ktap_option_t *parm, struct dentry *dir)
+{
+	ktap_state_t *ks;
+	ktap_global_state_t *g;
+	pid_t pid;
+	int cpu;
+
+	ks = kzalloc(sizeof(ktap_state_t) + sizeof(ktap_global_state_t),
+		     GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!ks)
+		return NULL;
+
+	G(ks) = (ktap_global_state_t *)(ks + 1);
+	g = G(ks);
+	g->mainthread = ks;
+	g->task = current;
+	g->parm = parm;
+	g->str_lock = (arch_spinlock_t)__ARCH_SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
+	g->strmask = ~(int)0;
+	g->uvhead.prev = &g->uvhead;
+	g->uvhead.next = &g->uvhead;
+	g->state = KTAP_RUNNING;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&(g->timers));
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&(g->events_head));
+
+	if (kp_transport_init(ks, dir))
+		goto out;
+
+	ks->stack = kp_malloc(ks, KTAP_STACK_SIZE_BYTES);
+	if (!ks->stack)
+		goto out;
+
+	ks->stack_last = ks->stack + KTAP_STACK_SIZE;
+	ks->top = ks->stack;
+
+	pid = (pid_t)parm->trace_pid;
+	if (pid != -1) {
+		struct task_struct *task;
+
+		rcu_read_lock();
+		task = pid_task(find_vpid(pid), PIDTYPE_PID);
+		if (!task) {
+			kp_error(ks, "cannot find pid %d\n", pid);
+			rcu_read_unlock();
+			goto out;
+		}
+		g->trace_task = task;
+		get_task_struct(task);
+		rcu_read_unlock();
+	}
+
+	if( !alloc_cpumask_var(&g->cpumask, GFP_KERNEL))
+		goto out;
+
+	cpumask_copy(g->cpumask, cpu_online_mask);
+
+	cpu = parm->trace_cpu;
+	if (cpu != -1) {
+		if (!cpu_online(cpu)) {
+			kp_error(ks, "ktap: cpu %d is not online\n", cpu);
+			goto out;
+		}
+
+		cpumask_clear(g->cpumask);
+		cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, g->cpumask);
+	}
+
+	if (kp_mempool_init(ks, KP_MAX_MEMPOOL_SIZE))
+		goto out;
+
+	if (kp_str_resize(ks, 1024 - 1)) /* set string hashtable size */
+		goto out;
+
+	if (init_registry(ks))
+		goto out;
+	if (init_arguments(ks, parm->argc, parm->argv))
+		goto out;
+
+	/* init librarys */
+	if (kp_lib_init_base(ks))
+		goto out;
+	if (kp_lib_init_kdebug(ks))
+		goto out;
+	if (kp_lib_init_timer(ks))
+		goto out;
+	if (kp_lib_init_ansi(ks))
+		goto out;
+	if (kp_lib_init_table(ks))
+		goto out;
+
+	if (kp_lib_init_net(ks))
+		goto out;
+
+	if (init_preserved_data(ks))
+		goto out;
+
+	if (kp_events_init(ks))
+		goto out;
+
+	return ks;
+
+ out:
+	g->state = KTAP_ERROR;
+	kp_vm_exit(ks);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
diff --git a/tools/ktap/runtime/kp_vm.h b/tools/ktap/runtime/kp_vm.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a01e969
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/ktap/runtime/kp_vm.h
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#ifndef __KTAP_VM_H__
+#define __KTAP_VM_H__
+
+#include "kp_obj.h"
+
+void kp_vm_call_proto(ktap_state_t *ks, ktap_proto_t *pt);
+void kp_vm_call(ktap_state_t *ks, StkId func, int nresults);
+int kp_vm_validate_code(ktap_state_t *ks, ktap_proto_t *pt, ktap_val_t *base);
+void kp_vm_exit(ktap_state_t *ks);
+ktap_state_t *kp_vm_new_state(ktap_option_t *parm, struct dentry *dir);
+void kp_optimize_code(ktap_state_t *ks, int level, ktap_proto_t *f);
+int kp_vm_register_lib(ktap_state_t *ks, const char *libname,
+		       const ktap_libfunc_t *funcs);
+
+
+static __always_inline
+ktap_state_t *kp_vm_new_thread(ktap_state_t *mainthread, int rctx)
+{
+	ktap_state_t *ks;
+
+	ks = kp_this_cpu_state(mainthread, rctx);
+	ks->top = ks->stack;
+	return ks;
+}
+
+static __always_inline
+void kp_vm_exit_thread(ktap_state_t *ks)
+{
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function only tell ktapvm this thread want to exit,
+ * let mainthread handle real exit work later.
+ */
+static __always_inline
+void kp_vm_try_to_exit(ktap_state_t *ks)
+{
+	G(ks)->mainthread->stop = 1;
+	G(ks)->state = KTAP_EXIT;
+}
+
+
+#endif /* __KTAP_VM_H__ */
-- 
1.8.1.4

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