linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH 4/4] ipc/shm.c: Increase the defaults for SHMALL, SHMMAX.

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Date:	Wed, 23 Apr 2014 07:01:02 +0200
From:	"Michael Kerrisk (man-pages)" <mtk.manpages@...il.com>
To:	Manfred Spraul <manfred@...orfullife.com>,
	Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr.bueso@...com>,
	Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@...ibm.com>
CC:	mtk.manpages@...il.com, LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
	Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
	KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@...fujitsu.com>,
	KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@...fujitsu.com>,
	gthelen@...gle.com, aswin@...com, linux-mm@...ck.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH 4/4] ipc/shm.c: Increase the defaults for SHMALL, SHMMAX.

On 04/21/2014 04:26 PM, Manfred Spraul wrote:
> System V shared memory
> 
> a) can be abused to trigger out-of-memory conditions and the standard
>    measures against out-of-memory do not work:
> 
>     - it is not possible to use setrlimit to limit the size of shm segments.
> 
>     - segments can exist without association with any processes, thus
>       the oom-killer is unable to free that memory.
> 
> b) is typically used for shared information - today often multiple GB.
>    (e.g. database shared buffers)
> 
> The current default is a maximum segment size of 32 MB and a maximum total
> size of 8 GB. This is often too much for a) and not enough for b), which
> means that lots of users must change the defaults.
> 
> This patch increases the default limits (nearly) to the maximum, which is
> perfect for case b). The defaults are used after boot and as the initial
> value for each new namespace.
> 
> Admins/distros that need a protection against a) should reduce the limits
> and/or enable shm_rmid_forced.
> 
> Further notes:
> - The patch only changes default, overrides behave as before:
>         # sysctl kernel.shmall=33554432
>   would recreate the previous limit for SHMMAX (for the current namespace).
> 
> - Disabling sysv shm allocation is possible with:
>         # sysctl kernel.shmall=0
>   (not a new feature, also per-namespace)
> 
> - The limits are intentionally set to a value slightly less than ULONG_MAX,
>   to avoid triggering overflows in user space apps.
>   [not unreasonable, see http://marc.info/?l=linux-mm&m=139638334330127]
> 
> Signed-off-by: Manfred Spraul <manfred@...orfullife.com>
> Reported-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@...com>
> Cc: mtk.manpages@...il.com
> ---
>  include/linux/shm.h      | 3 +--
>  include/uapi/linux/shm.h | 8 +++-----
>  2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/include/linux/shm.h b/include/linux/shm.h
> index 1e2cd2e..57d7770 100644
> --- a/include/linux/shm.h
> +++ b/include/linux/shm.h
> @@ -3,9 +3,8 @@
>  
>  #include <asm/page.h>
>  #include <uapi/linux/shm.h>
> -
> -#define SHMALL (SHMMAX/PAGE_SIZE*(SHMMNI/16)) /* max shm system wide (pages) */
>  #include <asm/shmparam.h>
> +
>  struct shmid_kernel /* private to the kernel */
>  {	
>  	struct kern_ipc_perm	shm_perm;
> diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/shm.h b/include/uapi/linux/shm.h
> index 78b6941..74e786d 100644
> --- a/include/uapi/linux/shm.h
> +++ b/include/uapi/linux/shm.h
> @@ -9,15 +9,13 @@
>  
>  /*
>   * SHMMAX, SHMMNI and SHMALL are upper limits are defaults which can
> - * be increased by sysctl
> + * be modified by sysctl.
>   */
>  
> -#define SHMMAX 0x2000000		 /* max shared seg size (bytes) */
>  #define SHMMIN 1			 /* min shared seg size (bytes) */
>  #define SHMMNI 4096			 /* max num of segs system wide */
> -#ifndef __KERNEL__
> -#define SHMALL (SHMMAX/getpagesize()*(SHMMNI/16))
> -#endif
> +#define SHMMAX (ULONG_MAX - (1L<<24))	 /* max shared seg size (bytes) */
> +#define SHMALL (ULONG_MAX - (1L<<24))	 /* max shm system wide (pages) */
>  #define SHMSEG SHMMNI			 /* max shared segs per process */

Acked-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@...il.com>


-- 
Michael Kerrisk
Linux man-pages maintainer; http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/
Linux/UNIX System Programming Training: http://man7.org/training/
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