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Date: Thu, 15 May 2014 23:11:05 +0200
From: Erik Bosman <erik@...emu.org>
To: linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Subject: [PATCH 3/4] SROP mitigation: Add signal counting mechanism
Add a signal counting mechanism for architectures to use in order to
check whether the kernel should allow a {rt_,}sigreturn call to succeed.
If there are no signal handlers that yet have to return, we can conclude
this is not a legitimate call to {rt_,}sigreturn.
We do signal counting per thread-group, and not per thread, just to be on
the safe side. A userland thread library may implement user-space thread
switching, which may cause a signal to return in a different thread than
where it was delivered. (I have not seen code that does this though.)
These patches are meant to make Sigreturn Oriented Programming (SROP) a much
less attractive exploitation path. In Sigreturn Oriented Programming, an
attacker causes a user-space program to call the sigreturn system call in order
to get complete control over the entire userspace context (registers), all in
one go.
( see: http://www.cs.vu.nl/~herbertb/papers/srop_sp14.pdf )
While mitigating SROP will probably not stop determined attackers from
exploiting a program, as there's always the much more well-known Return
Oriented Programming, we still think SROP's relative ease warrants mitigation,
especially since the mitigation is so cheap.
Signed-off-by: Erik Bosman <erik@...emu.org>
---
arch/Kconfig | 15 +++++++++++++++
fs/exec.c | 7 +++++++
include/linux/sched.h | 4 ++++
include/linux/signal.h | 5 +++++
kernel/signal.c | 39 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
5 files changed, 70 insertions(+)
diff --git a/arch/Kconfig b/arch/Kconfig
index 8319984..34e82d4 100644
--- a/arch/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/Kconfig
@@ -415,6 +415,21 @@ config SIGNAL_CANARY
sigreturn oriented programming by putting a canary value on a
signal's struct sigframe
+config HAVE_SIGNAL_BOOKKEEPING
+ bool
+ help
+ An arch should select this symbol if:
+ - it has implemented signal counting signals that are in progress
+
+config SIGNAL_BOOKKEEPING
+ bool "signal bookkeeping"
+ default y
+ depends on HAVE_SIGNAL_BOOKKEEPING
+ help
+ Mitigate against a userland exploitation techinque called
+ sigreturn oriented programming by keeping track of how many
+ signal handlers are in progress
+
config HAVE_CONTEXT_TRACKING
bool
help
diff --git a/fs/exec.c b/fs/exec.c
index 883f456..e26190a 100644
--- a/fs/exec.c
+++ b/fs/exec.c
@@ -1113,6 +1113,13 @@ void setup_new_exec(struct linux_binprm * bprm)
current->signal_canary = (unsigned long)get_random_int();
#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_SIGNAL_BOOKKEEPING
+ /* counter to make sure no more signals can be returned than have been
+ * delivered (mitigation against sigreturn oriented programming
+ */
+ current->signal_count = 0;
+#endif
+
if (uid_eq(current_euid(), current_uid()) && gid_eq(current_egid(), current_gid()))
set_dumpable(current->mm, SUID_DUMP_USER);
else
diff --git a/include/linux/sched.h b/include/linux/sched.h
index cb8b54b..e076a5f 100644
--- a/include/linux/sched.h
+++ b/include/linux/sched.h
@@ -1369,6 +1369,10 @@ struct task_struct {
u32 signal_canary; /* sigreturn exploit mitigation */
#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_SIGNAL_BOOKKEEPING
+ u32 signal_count; /* sigreturn exploit mitigation */
+#endif
+
int (*notifier)(void *priv);
void *notifier_data;
sigset_t *notifier_mask;
diff --git a/include/linux/signal.h b/include/linux/signal.h
index 2ac423b..46cbaec 100644
--- a/include/linux/signal.h
+++ b/include/linux/signal.h
@@ -447,4 +447,9 @@ struct seq_file;
extern void render_sigset_t(struct seq_file *, const char *, sigset_t *);
#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_SIGNAL_BOOKKEEPING
+void signals_in_progress_inc(struct task_struct *p);
+int signals_in_progress_dec(struct task_struct *p);
+#endif
+
#endif /* _LINUX_SIGNAL_H */
diff --git a/kernel/signal.c b/kernel/signal.c
index 6ea13c0..6f98ceb 100644
--- a/kernel/signal.c
+++ b/kernel/signal.c
@@ -3630,6 +3630,45 @@ void __init signals_init(void)
sigqueue_cachep = KMEM_CACHE(sigqueue, SLAB_PANIC);
}
+#ifdef CONFIG_SIGNAL_BOOKKEEPING
+
+/* these functions count the number of signals delivered to
+ * a userspace program
+ */
+
+void signals_in_progress_inc(struct task_struct *p)
+{
+ struct task_struct *leader = p->group_leader;
+
+ task_lock(leader);
+ if (leader->signal_count != U32_MAX) /* in case of 'runaway' signal delivery, disable mitigation */
+ leader->signal_count++;
+
+ task_unlock(leader);
+}
+
+int signals_in_progress_dec(struct task_struct *p)
+{
+ int ret = 0;
+ struct task_struct *leader = p->group_leader;
+
+ task_lock(leader);
+ if (leader->signal_count == 0) {
+ printk(KERN_INFO "%s/%d: attempted to return from a signal "
+ "when none were delivered (exploit attempt?)\n",
+ current->comm, current->pid);
+ ret = -EFAULT;
+ } else if (leader->signal_count != U32_MAX) {
+ leader->signal_count--;
+ }
+
+ task_unlock(leader);
+
+ return ret;
+}
+
+#endif
+
#ifdef CONFIG_KGDB_KDB
#include <linux/kdb.h>
/*
--
1.9.1
--
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