linux-kernel - Re: [regression, 3.16-rc] rwsem: optimistic spinning causing performance degradation

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Date:	Wed, 02 Jul 2014 20:31:08 -0700
From:	Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@...com>
To:	Dave Chinner <david@...morbit.com>
Cc:	linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
	Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
	Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@...ux.intel.com>,
	Ingo Molnar <mingo@...nel.org>
Subject: Re: [regression, 3.16-rc] rwsem: optimistic spinning causing
 performance degradation

On Thu, 2014-07-03 at 12:32 +1000, Dave Chinner wrote:
> Hi folks,
> 
> I've got a workload that hammers the mmap_sem via multi-threads
> memory allocation and page faults: it's called xfs_repair. 

Another reason for concurrent address space operations :/

> I've been
> debugging problems with the latest release, and in the process of
> tracking down some recent regressions I noticed that turning off all
> the cross-ag IO concurrency resulted in the repair running about
> 4-5x faster.
> 
> i.e.:
> 
> # time xfs_repair -f -vv fs.img
> .....
> 
>         XFS_REPAIR Summary    Thu Jul  3 11:51:41 2014
> 
> Phase           Start           End             Duration
> Phase 1:        07/03 11:47:15  07/03 11:47:15
> Phase 2:        07/03 11:47:15  07/03 11:47:35  20 seconds
> Phase 3:        07/03 11:47:35  07/03 11:51:26  3 minutes, 51 seconds
> Phase 4:        07/03 11:51:26  07/03 11:51:31  5 seconds
> Phase 5:        07/03 11:51:31  07/03 11:51:31
> Phase 6:        07/03 11:51:31  07/03 11:51:39  8 seconds
> Phase 7:        07/03 11:51:39  07/03 11:51:39
> 
> Total run time: 4 minutes, 24 seconds
> done
> 
> real    4m26.399s
> user    1m6.023s
> sys     27m26.707s
> $
> 
> And turning off AG striding:
> 
> # time xfs_repair -f -vv -o ag_stride=-1 fs.img
> .....
>         XFS_REPAIR Summary    Thu Jul  3 11:41:28 2014
> 
> Phase           Start           End             Duration
> Phase 1:        07/03 11:40:27  07/03 11:40:27  
> Phase 2:        07/03 11:40:27  07/03 11:40:36  9 seconds
> Phase 3:        07/03 11:40:36  07/03 11:41:12  36 seconds

The *real* degradation is here then.

> Phase 4:        07/03 11:41:12  07/03 11:41:17  5 seconds
> Phase 5:        07/03 11:41:17  07/03 11:41:18  1 second
> Phase 6:        07/03 11:41:18  07/03 11:41:25  7 seconds
> Phase 7:        07/03 11:41:25  07/03 11:41:25  
> 
> Total run time: 58 seconds
> done
> 
> real    0m59.893s
> user    0m41.935s
> sys     4m55.867s
> $
> 
> The difference is in phase 2 and 3, which is where all the memory
> allocation and IO that populates the userspace buffer cache takes
> place. The remainder of the phases run from the cache. All IO is
> direct IO, so there is no kernel caching at all. The filesystem
> image has a lot of metadata in it - it has 336 AGs and the buffer
> cache grows to about 6GB in size during phase 3.
> 
> The difference in performance is in the system CPU time, and it
> results directly in lower IO dispatch rates - about 2,000 IOPS
> instead of ~12,000.
> 
> This is what the kernel profile looks like on the strided run:
> 
> -  83.06%  [kernel]  [k] osq_lock
>    - osq_lock
>       - 100.00% rwsem_down_write_failed
>          - call_rwsem_down_write_failed
>             - 99.55% sys_mprotect
>                  tracesys
>                  __GI___mprotect
> -  12.02%  [kernel]  [k] rwsem_down_write_failed
>      rwsem_down_write_failed
>      call_rwsem_down_write_failed
> +   1.09%  [kernel]  [k] _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore
> +   0.92%  [kernel]  [k] _raw_spin_unlock_irq
> +   0.68%  [kernel]  [k] __do_softirq
> +   0.33%  [kernel]  [k] default_send_IPI_mask_sequence_phys
> +   0.10%  [kernel]  [k] __do_page_fault
> 
> Basically, all the kernel time is spent processing lock contention
> rather than doing real work.

While before it just blocked.

> I haven't tested back on 3.15 yet, but historically the strided AG
> repair for such filesystems (which I test all the time on 100+500TB
> filesystem images) is about 20-25% faster on this storage subsystem.
> Yes, the old code also burnt a lot of CPU due to lock contention,
> but it didn't go 5x slower than having no threading at all.
> 
> So this looks like a significant performance regression due to:
> 
> 4fc828e locking/rwsem: Support optimistic spinning
> 
> which changed the rwsem behaviour in 3.16-rc1.

So the mmap_sem is held long enough in this workload that the cost of
blocking is actually significantly smaller than just spinning --
particularly MCS. How many threads are you running when you see the
issue?

Thanks,
Davidlohr

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