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Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2014 07:36:16 +0400
From: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@...il.com>
To: Rafael Aquini <aquini@...hat.com>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@...il.com>,
Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@...cle.com>,
Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>, vbabka@...e.cz,
rientjes@...gle.com, Mel Gorman <mgorman@...e.de>,
Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@....com>,
Dave Jones <davej@...hat.com>,
"linux-mm@...ck.org" <linux-mm@...ck.org>,
Linux Kernel Mailing List <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
Andrey Ryabinin <a.ryabinin@...sung.com>, lwoodman@...hat.com,
Rik van Riel <riel@...hat.com>, jweiner@...hat.com
Subject: Re: mm: compaction: buffer overflow in isolate_migratepages_range
On Fri, Aug 15, 2014 at 2:07 AM, Rafael Aquini <aquini@...hat.com> wrote:
> On Thu, Aug 14, 2014 at 06:43:50PM -0300, Rafael Aquini wrote:
>> On Thu, Aug 14, 2014 at 10:07:40PM +0400, Andrey Ryabinin wrote:
>> > We discussed this with Konstantin and he suggested a better solution for this.
>> > If I understood him correctly the main idea was to store bit
>> > identifying ballon page
>> > in struct page (special value in _mapcount), so we won't need to check
>> > mapping->flags.
>> >
>>
>> Here goes what I thought doing, following that suggestion of Konstantin and yours. (I didn't tested it yet)
>>
>> Comments are welcomed.
>>
>> Cheers,
>> -- Rafael
>>
>> ---- 8< ----
>> From: Rafael Aquini <aquini@...hat.com>
>> Subject: mm: balloon_compaction: enhance balloon_page_movable() checkpoint against races
>>
>> While testing linux-next for the Kernel Address Sanitizer patchset (KASAN)
>> Sasha Levin reported a buffer overflow warning triggered for
>> isolate_migratepages_range(), which lated was discovered happening due to
>> a condition where balloon_page_movable() raced against move_to_new_page(),
>> while the later was copying the page->mapping of an anon page.
>>
>> Because we can perform balloon_page_movable() in a lockless fashion at
>> isolate_migratepages_range(), the dicovered race has unveiled the scheme
>> actually used to spot ballooned pages among page blocks that checks for
>> page_flags_cleared() and dereference page->mapping to check its mapping flags
>> is weak and potentially prone to stumble across another similar conditions
>> in the future.
>>
>> Following Konstantin Khlebnikov's and Andrey Ryabinin's suggestions,
>> this patch replaces the old page->flags && mapping->flags checking scheme
>> with a more simple and strong page->_mapcount read and compare value test.
>> Similarly to what is done for PageBuddy() checks, BALLOON_PAGE_MAPCOUNT_VALUE
>> is introduced here to mark balloon pages. This allows balloon_page_movable()
>> to skip the proven troublesome dereference of page->mapping for flag checking
>> while it goes on isolate_migratepages_range() lockless rounds.
>> page->mapping dereference and flag-checking will be performed later, when
>> all locks are held properly.
>>
>> ---
>> include/linux/balloon_compaction.h | 61 +++++++++++---------------------------
>> mm/balloon_compaction.c | 53 +++++++++++++++++----------------
>> 2 files changed, 45 insertions(+), 69 deletions(-)
>>
>> diff --git a/include/linux/balloon_compaction.h b/include/linux/balloon_compaction.h
>> index 089743a..1409ccc 100644
>> --- a/include/linux/balloon_compaction.h
>> +++ b/include/linux/balloon_compaction.h
>> @@ -108,54 +108,29 @@ static inline void balloon_mapping_free(struct address_space *balloon_mapping)
>> }
>>
>> /*
>> - * page_flags_cleared - helper to perform balloon @page ->flags tests.
>> + * balloon_page_movable - identify balloon pages that can be moved by
>> + * compaction / migration.
>> *
>> - * As balloon pages are obtained from buddy and we do not play with page->flags
>> - * at driver level (exception made when we get the page lock for compaction),
>> - * we can safely identify a ballooned page by checking if the
>> - * PAGE_FLAGS_CHECK_AT_PREP page->flags are all cleared. This approach also
>> - * helps us skip ballooned pages that are locked for compaction or release, thus
>> - * mitigating their racy check at balloon_page_movable()
>> + * BALLOON_PAGE_MAPCOUNT_VALUE must be <= -2 but better not too close to
>> + * -2 so that an underflow of the page_mapcount() won't be mistaken
>> + * for a genuine BALLOON_PAGE_MAPCOUNT_VALUE.
>> */
>> -static inline bool page_flags_cleared(struct page *page)
>> +#define BALLOON_PAGE_MAPCOUNT_VALUE (-256)
>> +static inline bool balloon_page_movable(struct page *page)
>> {
>> - return !(page->flags & PAGE_FLAGS_CHECK_AT_PREP);
>> + return atomic_read(&page->_mapcount) == BALLOON_PAGE_MAPCOUNT_VALUE;
>> }
>>
>> -/*
>> - * __is_movable_balloon_page - helper to perform @page mapping->flags tests
>> - */
>> -static inline bool __is_movable_balloon_page(struct page *page)
>> +static inline void __balloon_page_set(struct page *page)
>> {
>> - struct address_space *mapping = page->mapping;
>> - return mapping_balloon(mapping);
>> + VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!atomic_read(&page->_mapcount) != -1, page);
>> + atomic_set(&page->_mapcount, BALLOON_PAGE_MAPCOUNT_VALUE);
>> }
>>
>> -/*
>> - * balloon_page_movable - test page->mapping->flags to identify balloon pages
>> - * that can be moved by compaction/migration.
>> - *
>> - * This function is used at core compaction's page isolation scheme, therefore
>> - * most pages exposed to it are not enlisted as balloon pages and so, to avoid
>> - * undesired side effects like racing against __free_pages(), we cannot afford
>> - * holding the page locked while testing page->mapping->flags here.
>> - *
>> - * As we might return false positives in the case of a balloon page being just
>> - * released under us, the page->mapping->flags need to be re-tested later,
>> - * under the proper page lock, at the functions that will be coping with the
>> - * balloon page case.
>> - */
>> -static inline bool balloon_page_movable(struct page *page)
>> +static inline void __balloon_page_clear(struct page *page)
>> {
>> - /*
>> - * Before dereferencing and testing mapping->flags, let's make sure
>> - * this is not a page that uses ->mapping in a different way
>> - */
>> - if (page_flags_cleared(page) && !page_mapped(page) &&
>> - page_count(page) == 1)
>> - return __is_movable_balloon_page(page);
>> -
>> - return false;
>> + VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!balloon_page_movable(page), page)
>> + atomic_set(&page->_mapcount, -1);
>> }
>>
>> /*
>> @@ -170,10 +145,8 @@ static inline bool balloon_page_movable(struct page *page)
>> */
>> static inline bool isolated_balloon_page(struct page *page)
>> {
>> - /* Already isolated balloon pages, by default, have a raised refcount */
>> - if (page_flags_cleared(page) && !page_mapped(page) &&
>> - page_count(page) >= 2)
>> - return __is_movable_balloon_page(page);
>> + if (balloon_page_movable && page_count(page) > 1)
>> + return true;
>>
>> return false;
>> }
>> @@ -193,6 +166,7 @@ static inline void balloon_page_insert(struct page *page,
>> struct list_head *head)
>> {
>> page->mapping = mapping;
>> + __balloon_page_set(page);
>> list_add(&page->lru, head);
>> }
>>
>> @@ -207,6 +181,7 @@ static inline void balloon_page_insert(struct page *page,
>> static inline void balloon_page_delete(struct page *page)
>> {
>> page->mapping = NULL;
>> + __balloon_page_clear(page);
>> list_del(&page->lru);
>> }
>>
>> diff --git a/mm/balloon_compaction.c b/mm/balloon_compaction.c
>> index 6e45a50..1cfb254 100644
>> --- a/mm/balloon_compaction.c
>> +++ b/mm/balloon_compaction.c
>> @@ -220,33 +220,32 @@ bool balloon_page_isolate(struct page *page)
>> * raise its refcount preventing __free_pages() from doing its job
>> * the put_page() at the end of this block will take care of
>> * release this page, thus avoiding a nasty leakage.
>> + *
>> + * As balloon pages are not isolated from LRU lists, concurrent
>> + * compaction threads can race against page migration functions
>> + * as well as race against the balloon driver releasing a page.
>> + * The aforementioned operations are done under the safety of
>> + * page lock, so lets be sure we hold it before proceeding the
>> + * isolations steps here.
>> */
>> - if (likely(get_page_unless_zero(page))) {
>> + if (get_page_unless_zero(page) && trylock_page(page)) {
> Oops, I need to change this one, as we can left behind pages with raised
> refcounts if get_page_unless_zero(page) but trylock_page(page) fails
> here.
Don't hurry. The code in this state for years.
I'm working on patches for this, if everything goes well I'll show it today.
As usual I couldn't stop myself from cleaning the mess, so it will be
bigger than yours.
>
>
>> /*
>> - * As balloon pages are not isolated from LRU lists, concurrent
>> - * compaction threads can race against page migration functions
>> - * as well as race against the balloon driver releasing a page.
>> - *
>> - * In order to avoid having an already isolated balloon page
>> - * being (wrongly) re-isolated while it is under migration,
>> - * or to avoid attempting to isolate pages being released by
>> - * the balloon driver, lets be sure we have the page lock
>> - * before proceeding with the balloon page isolation steps.
>> + * A ballooned page, by default, has just one refcount.
>> + * Prevent concurrent compaction threads from isolating
>> + * an already isolated balloon page by refcount check.
>> */
>> - if (likely(trylock_page(page))) {
>> - /*
>> - * A ballooned page, by default, has just one refcount.
>> - * Prevent concurrent compaction threads from isolating
>> - * an already isolated balloon page by refcount check.
>> - */
>> - if (__is_movable_balloon_page(page) &&
>> - page_count(page) == 2) {
>> + if (balloon_page_movable(page) && page_count(page) == 2) {
>> + struct address_space *mapping = page_mapping(page);
>> + if (likely(mapping_balloon(mapping))) {
>> __isolate_balloon_page(page);
>> unlock_page(page);
>> return true;
>> + } else {
>> + dump_page(page, "not movable balloon page");
>> + WARN_ON(1);
>> }
>> - unlock_page(page);
>> }
>> + unlock_page(page);
>> put_page(page);
>> }
>> return false;
>> @@ -255,19 +254,21 @@ bool balloon_page_isolate(struct page *page)
>> /* putback_lru_page() counterpart for a ballooned page */
>> void balloon_page_putback(struct page *page)
>> {
>> + struct address_space *mapping;
>> /*
>> * 'lock_page()' stabilizes the page and prevents races against
>> * concurrent isolation threads attempting to re-isolate it.
>> */
>> lock_page(page);
>>
>> - if (__is_movable_balloon_page(page)) {
>> + mapping = page_mapping(page);
>> + if (balloon_page_movable(page) && mapping_balloon(mapping)) {
>> __putback_balloon_page(page);
>> /* drop the extra ref count taken for page isolation */
>> put_page(page);
>> } else {
>> - WARN_ON(1);
>> dump_page(page, "not movable balloon page");
>> + WARN_ON(1);
>> }
>> unlock_page(page);
>> }
>> @@ -286,16 +287,16 @@ int balloon_page_migrate(struct page *newpage,
>> */
>> BUG_ON(!trylock_page(newpage));
>>
>> - if (WARN_ON(!__is_movable_balloon_page(page))) {
>> + mapping = page_mapping(page);
>> + if (!(balloon_page_movable(page) && mapping_balloon(mapping))) {
>> dump_page(page, "not movable balloon page");
>> - unlock_page(newpage);
>> - return rc;
>> + WARN_ON(1);
>> + goto out;
>> }
>>
>> - mapping = page->mapping;
>> if (mapping)
>> rc = __migrate_balloon_page(mapping, newpage, page, mode);
>> -
>> +out:
>> unlock_page(newpage);
>> return rc;
>> }
>> --
>> 1.9.3
>>
--
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