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Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2014 08:45:01 -0700
From: Andy Lutomirski <luto@...capital.net>
To: "hillf. zj" <hillf.zj@...baba-inc.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.com>,
Vince Weaver <vince@...ter.net>,
Paul Mackerras <paulus@...ba.org>,
Kees Cook <keescook@...omium.org>,
Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@...nel.org>,
Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@...hat.com>,
"linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org" <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
Valdis Kletnieks <Valdis.Kletnieks@...edu>
Subject: Re: [PATCH v2 7/8] x86, perf: Only allow rdpmc if a perf_event is mapped
On Oct 27, 2014 12:17 AM, "张静(长谷)" <hillf.zj@...baba-inc.com> wrote:
>
> >
> > We currently allow any process to use rdpmc. This significantly
> > weakens the protection offered by PR_TSC_DISABLED, and it could be
> > helpful to users attempting to exploit timing attacks.
> >
> > Since we can't enable access to individual counters, use a very
> > coarse heuristic to limit access to rdpmc: allow access only when
> > a perf_event is mmapped. This protects seccomp sandboxes.
> >
> > There is plenty of room to further tighen these restrictions. For
> > example, this allows rdpmc for any x86_pmu event, but it's only
> > useful for self-monitoring tasks.
> >
> > As a side effect, cap_user_rdpmc will now be false for AMD uncore
> > events. This isn't a real regression, since .event_idx is disabled
> > for these events anyway for the time being. Whenever that gets
> > re-added, the cap_user_rdpmc code can be adjusted or refactored
> > accordingly.
> >
> > Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@...capital.net>
> > ---
> > arch/x86/include/asm/mmu.h | 2 ++
> > arch/x86/include/asm/mmu_context.h | 16 +++++++++++
> > arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_event.c | 57 +++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------
> > arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_event.h | 2 ++
> > 4 files changed, 58 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu.h
> > index 876e74e8eec7..09b9620a73b4 100644
> > --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu.h
> > +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu.h
> > @@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ typedef struct {
> >
> > struct mutex lock;
> > void __user *vdso;
> > +
> > + atomic_t perf_rdpmc_allowed; /* nonzero if rdpmc is allowed */
> > } mm_context_t;
> >
> > #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
> > diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu_context.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu_context.h
> > index 23697f74b372..ccad8d616038 100644
> > --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu_context.h
> > +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/mmu_context.h
> > @@ -19,6 +19,18 @@ static inline void paravirt_activate_mm(struct mm_struct *prev,
> > }
> > #endif /* !CONFIG_PARAVIRT */
> >
> > +#ifdef CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS
> > +static inline void load_mm_cr4(struct mm_struct *mm)
> > +{
> > + if (atomic_read(&mm->context.perf_rdpmc_allowed))
> > + cr4_set_bits(X86_CR4_PCE);
> > + else
> > + cr4_clear_bits(X86_CR4_PCE);
> > +}
> > +#else
> > +static inline void load_mm_cr4(struct mm_struct *mm) {}
> > +#endif
> > +
> > /*
> > * Used for LDT copy/destruction.
> > */
> > @@ -53,6 +65,9 @@ static inline void switch_mm(struct mm_struct *prev, struct mm_struct *next,
> > /* Stop flush ipis for the previous mm */
> > cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu, mm_cpumask(prev));
> >
> > + /* Load per-mm CR4 state */
> > + load_mm_cr4(next);
> > +
> > /*
> > * Load the LDT, if the LDT is different.
> > *
> > @@ -88,6 +103,7 @@ static inline void switch_mm(struct mm_struct *prev, struct mm_struct *next,
> > */
> > load_cr3(next->pgd);
> > trace_tlb_flush(TLB_FLUSH_ON_TASK_SWITCH, TLB_FLUSH_ALL);
> > + load_mm_cr4(next);
> > load_LDT_nolock(&next->context);
> > }
> > }
> > diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_event.c b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_event.c
> > index 00fbab7aa587..3e875b3b30f2 100644
> > --- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_event.c
> > +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_event.c
> > @@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
> > #include <asm/nmi.h>
> > #include <asm/smp.h>
> > #include <asm/alternative.h>
> > +#include <asm/mmu_context.h>
> > #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
> > #include <asm/timer.h>
> > #include <asm/desc.h>
> > @@ -1336,8 +1337,6 @@ x86_pmu_notifier(struct notifier_block *self, unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
> > break;
> >
> > case CPU_STARTING:
> > - if (x86_pmu.attr_rdpmc)
> > - cr4_set_bits(X86_CR4_PCE);
> > if (x86_pmu.cpu_starting)
> > x86_pmu.cpu_starting(cpu);
> > break;
> > @@ -1813,14 +1812,44 @@ static int x86_pmu_event_init(struct perf_event *event)
> > event->destroy(event);
> > }
> >
> > + if (ACCESS_ONCE(x86_pmu.attr_rdpmc))
> > + event->hw.flags |= PERF_X86_EVENT_RDPMC_ALLOWED;
> > +
> > return err;
> > }
> >
> > +static void refresh_pce(void *ignored)
> > +{
> > + if (current->mm)
> > + load_mm_cr4(current->mm);
> > +}
> > +
> > +static void x86_pmu_event_mapped(struct perf_event *event)
> > +{
> > + if (!(event->hw.flags & PERF_X86_EVENT_RDPMC_ALLOWED))
> > + return;
> > +
> > + if (atomic_inc_return(¤t->mm->context.perf_rdpmc_allowed) == 1)
> > + on_each_cpu_mask(mm_cpumask(current->mm), refresh_pce, NULL, 1);
> > +}
> > +
> > +static void x86_pmu_event_unmapped(struct perf_event *event)
> > +{
> > + if (!current->mm)
> > + return;
> > +
> > + if (!(event->hw.flags & PERF_X86_EVENT_RDPMC_ALLOWED))
> > + return;
> > +
> > + if (atomic_dec_and_test(¤t->mm->context.perf_rdpmc_allowed))
> > + on_each_cpu_mask(mm_cpumask(current->mm), refresh_pce, NULL, 1);
>
> The current task(T-a on CPU A) is asking CPUs(A, B, C, D) to refresh pce, and looks
> the current task(T-d on CPU D) is disturbed if T-d loaded CR4 when going on CPU D.
I don't understand. This code is intended to interrupt only affected
tasks, except for a race if cpus switch mm while this code is running.
At worst, the race should only result in an unnecessary IPI.
Can you clarify your concern?
--Andy
>
> Hillf
> > +}
> > +
> > static int x86_pmu_event_idx(struct perf_event *event)
> > {
> > int idx = event->hw.idx;
> >
> > - if (!x86_pmu.attr_rdpmc)
> > + if (!(event->hw.flags & PERF_X86_EVENT_RDPMC_ALLOWED))
> > return 0;
> >
> > if (x86_pmu.num_counters_fixed && idx >= INTEL_PMC_IDX_FIXED) {
> > @@ -1838,16 +1867,6 @@ static ssize_t get_attr_rdpmc(struct device *cdev,
> > return snprintf(buf, 40, "%d\n", x86_pmu.attr_rdpmc);
> > }
> >
> > -static void change_rdpmc(void *info)
> > -{
> > - bool enable = !!(unsigned long)info;
> > -
> > - if (enable)
> > - cr4_set_bits(X86_CR4_PCE);
> > - else
> > - cr4_clear_bits(X86_CR4_PCE);
> > -}
> > -
> > static ssize_t set_attr_rdpmc(struct device *cdev,
> > struct device_attribute *attr,
> > const char *buf, size_t count)
> > @@ -1862,11 +1881,7 @@ static ssize_t set_attr_rdpmc(struct device *cdev,
> > if (x86_pmu.attr_rdpmc_broken)
> > return -ENOTSUPP;
> >
> > - if (!!val != !!x86_pmu.attr_rdpmc) {
> > - x86_pmu.attr_rdpmc = !!val;
> > - on_each_cpu(change_rdpmc, (void *)val, 1);
> > - }
> > -
> > + x86_pmu.attr_rdpmc = !!val;
> > return count;
> > }
> >
> > @@ -1909,6 +1924,9 @@ static struct pmu pmu = {
> >
> > .event_init = x86_pmu_event_init,
> >
> > + .event_mapped = x86_pmu_event_mapped,
> > + .event_unmapped = x86_pmu_event_unmapped,
> > +
> > .add = x86_pmu_add,
> > .del = x86_pmu_del,
> > .start = x86_pmu_start,
> > @@ -1930,7 +1948,8 @@ void arch_perf_update_userpage(struct perf_event *event,
> >
> > userpg->cap_user_time = 0;
> > userpg->cap_user_time_zero = 0;
> > - userpg->cap_user_rdpmc = x86_pmu.attr_rdpmc;
> > + userpg->cap_user_rdpmc =
> > + !!(event->hw.flags & PERF_X86_EVENT_RDPMC_ALLOWED);
> > userpg->pmc_width = x86_pmu.cntval_bits;
> >
> > if (!sched_clock_stable())
> > diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_event.h b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_event.h
> > index d98a34d435d7..f6868186e67b 100644
> > --- a/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_event.h
> > +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/cpu/perf_event.h
> > @@ -71,6 +71,8 @@ struct event_constraint {
> > #define PERF_X86_EVENT_COMMITTED 0x8 /* event passed commit_txn */
> > #define PERF_X86_EVENT_PEBS_LD_HSW 0x10 /* haswell style datala, load */
> > #define PERF_X86_EVENT_PEBS_NA_HSW 0x20 /* haswell style datala, unknown */
> > +#define PERF_X86_EVENT_RDPMC_ALLOWED 0x40 /* grant rdpmc permission */
> > +
> >
> > struct amd_nb {
> > int nb_id; /* NorthBridge id */
> > --
> > 1.9.3
>
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