linux-kernel - Re: NUMA_BALANCING and Xen PV guest regression in 3.20-rc0

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Date:	Thu, 19 Feb 2015 17:01:04 +0000
From:	Mel Gorman <mgorman@...e.de>
To:	David Vrabel <david.vrabel@...rix.com>
Cc:	Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>,
	Wei Liu <wei.liu2@...rix.com>,
	"linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org" <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
	"Xen-devel@...ts.xen.org" <Xen-devel@...ts.xen.org>
Subject: Re: NUMA_BALANCING and Xen PV guest regression in 3.20-rc0

On Thu, Feb 19, 2015 at 01:06:53PM +0000, David Vrabel wrote:
> Mel,
> 
> The NUMA_BALANCING series beginning with 5d833062139d (mm: numa: do not
> dereference pmd outside of the lock during NUMA hinting fault) and
> specifically 8a0516ed8b90 (mm: convert p[te|md]_numa users to
> p[te|md]_protnone_numa) breaks Xen 64-bit PV guests.
> 
> Any fault on a present userspace mapping (e.g., a write to a read-only
> mapping) is being misinterpreted as a NUMA hinting fault and not handled
> correctly.  All userspace programs end up continuously  faulting.
> 
> This is because the hypervisor sets _PAGE_GLOBAL (== _PAGE_PROTNONE) on
> all present userspace page table entries.
> 

I see, this is a variation of the problem where the NUMA hinted PTE was
treated as special due to the paravirt interfaces not being used.

> Note that the comment in asm/pgtable_types.h that says that
> _PAGE_BIT_PROTNONE is only valid on non-present entries.
> 
>   /* If _PAGE_BIT_PRESENT is clear, we use these: */
>   /* - if the user mapped it with PROT_NONE; pte_present gives true */
>   #define _PAGE_BIT_PROTNONE	_PAGE_BIT_GLOBAL
> 
> Adjusting pte_protnone() and pmd_protnone() to check for the absence of
> _PAGE_PRESENT allows 64-bit Xen PV guests to work correctly again (see
> following patch), but I'm not sure if NUMA_BALANCING would correctly
> work with this change.
> 

Thanks for the analysis and the reminder of some of the details from the
previous discussion.

> 
> 8<---------------------------
> x86: pte_protnone() and pmd_protnone() must check entry is
>  not present
> 
> Since _PAGE_PROTNONE aliases _PAGE_GLOBAL it is only valid if
> _PAGE_PRESENT is clear.  Make pte_protnone() and pmd_protnone() check
> for this.
> 
> This fixes a 64-bit Xen PV guest regression introduced by
> 8a0516ed8b90c95ffa1363b420caa37418149f21 (mm: convert p[te|md]_numa
> users to p[te|md]_protnone_numa).  Any userspace process would
> endlessly fault.
> 
> In a 64-bit PV guest, userspace page table entries have _PAGE_GLOBAL
> set by the hypervisor.  This meant that any fault on a present
> userspace entry (e.g., a write to a read-only mapping) would be
> misinterpreted as a NUMA hinting fault and the fault would not be
> correctly handled, resulting in the access endlessly faulting.
> 
> Signed-off-by: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@...rix.com>
> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@...e.de>

I cannot think of a reason why this would fail for NUMA balancing on bare
metal. The PAGE_NONE protection clears the present bit on p[te|md]_modify
so the expectations are matched before or after the patch is applied. So,
for bare metal at least

Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@...e.de>

I *think* this will work ok with Xen but I cannot 100% convince myself.
I'm adding Wei Liu to the cc who may have a Xen PV setup handy that
supports NUMA and may be able to test the patch to confirm.

-- 
Mel Gorman
SUSE Labs
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