linux-kernel - Re: PANIC: double fault, error_code: 0x0 in 4.0.0-rc3-2, kvm related?

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Date:	Mon, 23 Mar 2015 11:48:42 -0700
From:	Andy Lutomirski <luto@...capital.net>
To:	Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@...hat.com>
Cc:	Takashi Iwai <tiwai@...e.de>,
	Denys Vlasenko <vda.linux@...glemail.com>,
	Jiri Kosina <jkosina@...e.cz>,
	Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>,
	Stefan Seyfried <stefan.seyfried@...glemail.com>,
	X86 ML <x86@...nel.org>, LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
	Tejun Heo <tj@...nel.org>
Subject: Re: PANIC: double fault, error_code: 0x0 in 4.0.0-rc3-2, kvm related?

On Mon, Mar 23, 2015 at 11:38 AM, Andy Lutomirski <luto@...capital.net> wrote:
> On Mon, Mar 23, 2015 at 9:07 AM, Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@...hat.com> wrote:
>> On 03/23/2015 02:22 PM, Takashi Iwai wrote:
>>> At Mon, 23 Mar 2015 10:35:41 +0100,
>>> Takashi Iwai wrote:
>>>>
>>>> At Mon, 23 Mar 2015 10:02:52 +0100,
>>>> Takashi Iwai wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>> At Fri, 20 Mar 2015 19:16:53 +0100,
>>>>> Denys Vlasenko wrote:
>
>>> I'm really puzzled now.  We have a few pieces of information:
>>>
>>> - git bisection pointed the commit 96b6352c1271:
>>>     x86_64, entry: Remove the syscall exit audit and schedule optimizations
>>>   and reverting this "fixes" the problem indeed.  Even just moving two
>>>   lines
>>>     LOCKDEP_SYS_EXIT
>>>     DISABLE_INTERRUPTS(CLBR_NONE)
>>>   at the beginning of ret_from_sys_call already fixes.  (Of course I
>>>   can't prove the fix but it stabilizes for a day without crash while
>>>   usually I hit the bug in 10 minutes in full test running.)
>>
>> The commit 96b6352c1271 moved TIF_ALLWORK_MASK check from
>> interrupt-disabled region to interrupt-enabled:
>>
>>         cmpq $__NR_syscall_max,%rax
>>         ja ret_from_sys_call
>>         movq %r10,%rcx
>>         call *sys_call_table(,%rax,8)  # XXX:    rip relative
>>         movq %rax,RAX-ARGOFFSET(%rsp)
>> ret_from_sys_call:
>>         testl $_TIF_ALLWORK_MASK,TI_flags+THREAD_INFO(%rsp,RIP-ARGOFFSET)
>> ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>>         jnz int_ret_from_sys_call_fixup /* Go the the slow path */
>>         LOCKDEP_SYS_EXIT
>>         DISABLE_INTERRUPTS(CLBR_NONE)
>>         TRACE_IRQS_OFF
>> ...
>> ...
>> int_ret_from_sys_call_fixup:
>>         FIXUP_TOP_OF_STACK %r11, -ARGOFFSET
>>         jmp int_ret_from_sys_call
>> ...
>> ...
>> GLOBAL(int_ret_from_sys_call)
>>         DISABLE_INTERRUPTS(CLBR_NONE)
>>         TRACE_IRQS_OFF
>>
>> You reverted that by moving this insn to be after first DISABLE_INTERRUPTS(CLBR_NONE).
>>
>> I also don't see how moving that check (even if it is wrong in a more
>> benign way) can have such a drastic effect.
>
> I bet I see it.  I have the advantage of having stared at KVM code and
> cursed at it more recently than you, I suspect.  KVM does awful, awful
> things to CPU state, and, as an optimization, it allows kernel code to
> run with CPU state that would be totally invalid in user mode.  This
> happens through a bunch of hooks, including this bit in __switch_to:
>
>     /*
>      * Now maybe reload the debug registers and handle I/O bitmaps
>      */
>     if (unlikely(task_thread_info(next_p)->flags & _TIF_WORK_CTXSW_NEXT ||
>              task_thread_info(prev_p)->flags & _TIF_WORK_CTXSW_PREV))
>         __switch_to_xtra(prev_p, next_p, tss);
>
> IOW, we *change* tif during context switches.
>
>
> The race looks like this:
>
>     testl $_TIF_ALLWORK_MASK,TI_flags+THREAD_INFO(%rsp,RIP)
>     jnz int_ret_from_sys_call_fixup    /* Go the the slow path */
>
> --- preempted here, switch to KVM guest ---
>
> KVM guest enters and screws up, say, MSR_SYSCALL_MASK.  This wouldn't
> happen to be a *32-bit* KVM guest, perhaps?
>
> Now KVM schedules, calling __switch_to.  __switch_to sets
> _TIF_USER_RETURN_NOTIFY.  We IRET back to the syscall exit code, turn
> off interrupts, and do sysret.  We are now screwed.
>
> I don't know why this manifests in this particular failure, but any
> number of terrible things could happen now.
>
> FWIW, this will affect things other than KVM.  For example, SIGKILL
> sent while a process is sleeping in that two-instruction window won't
> work.
>
> Takashi, can you re-send your patch so we can review it for real in
> light of this race?

Never mind, I'm testing a slightly fancier patch.

--Andy
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