Date:	Fri, 24 Apr 2015 11:16:53 -0400
From:	Rik van Riel <riel@...riel.com>
To:	linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Cc:	Andy Lutomirsky <amluto@...capital.com>,
	Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@...hat.com>,
	Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
	Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@...ibm.com>, williams@...hat.com
Subject: [PATCH v2] context_tracking: remove local_irq_save from
 __acct_update_integrals

The function __acct_update_integrals() is called both from irq context
and task context. This creates a race where irq context can advance
tsk->acct_timexpd to a value larger than time, leading to a negative
value, which causes a divide error. See commit 6d5b5acca9e5
("Fix fixpoint divide exception in acct_update_integrals")

In 2012, __acct_update_integrals() was changed to get utime and stime
as function parameters. This re-introduced the bug, because an irq
can hit in-between the call to task_cputime() and where irqs actually
get disabled.

However, this race condition was originally reproduced on Hercules,
and I have not seen any reports of it re-occurring since it was
re-introduced 3 years ago.

On the other hand, the irq disabling and re-enabling, which no longer
even protects us against the race today, show up prominently in the
perf profile of a program that makes a very large number of system calls
in a short period of time, when nohz_full= (and context tracking) is
enabled.

This patch replaces the (now ineffective) irq blocking with a cheaper
way to test for the race condition, and speeds up my microbenchmark
with 10 million iterations, average of 5 runs, tiny stddev:

		run time	system time
vanilla		5.49s		2.08s
patch		5.21s		1.92s

Cc: Andy Lutomirsky <amluto@...capital.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@...hat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@...ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@...hat.com>
---
V2: introduce signed_cputime_t to deal with 64 bit cputime_t on
    32 bit architectures, and use READ_ONCE to ensure the value
    is always read atomically (Heiko Karstens)

 arch/powerpc/include/asm/cputime.h    |  3 +++
 arch/s390/include/asm/cputime.h       |  3 +++
 include/asm-generic/cputime_jiffies.h |  2 ++
 include/asm-generic/cputime_nsecs.h   |  3 +++
 kernel/tsacct.c                       | 18 ++++++++++++------
 5 files changed, 23 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/cputime.h b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/cputime.h
index e2452550bcb1..e41b32f68a2c 100644
--- a/arch/powerpc/include/asm/cputime.h
+++ b/arch/powerpc/include/asm/cputime.h
@@ -32,6 +32,9 @@ static inline void setup_cputime_one_jiffy(void) { }
 typedef u64 __nocast cputime_t;
 typedef u64 __nocast cputime64_t;
 
+typedef s64 signed_cputime_t;
+typedef s64 signed_cputime64_t;
+
 #define cmpxchg_cputime(ptr, old, new) cmpxchg(ptr, old, new)
 
 #ifdef __KERNEL__
diff --git a/arch/s390/include/asm/cputime.h b/arch/s390/include/asm/cputime.h
index 221b454c734a..2e8c268cc2a7 100644
--- a/arch/s390/include/asm/cputime.h
+++ b/arch/s390/include/asm/cputime.h
@@ -18,6 +18,9 @@
 typedef unsigned long long __nocast cputime_t;
 typedef unsigned long long __nocast cputime64_t;
 
+typedef signed long long signed_cputime_t;
+typedef signed long long signed_cputime64_t;
+
 #define cmpxchg_cputime(ptr, old, new) cmpxchg64(ptr, old, new)
 
 static inline unsigned long __div(unsigned long long n, unsigned long base)
diff --git a/include/asm-generic/cputime_jiffies.h b/include/asm-generic/cputime_jiffies.h
index fe386fc6e85e..b96b6a1b6c97 100644
--- a/include/asm-generic/cputime_jiffies.h
+++ b/include/asm-generic/cputime_jiffies.h
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #define _ASM_GENERIC_CPUTIME_JIFFIES_H
 
 typedef unsigned long __nocast cputime_t;
+typedef signed long signed_cputime_t;
 
 #define cmpxchg_cputime(ptr, old, new) cmpxchg(ptr, old, new)
 
@@ -11,6 +12,7 @@ typedef unsigned long __nocast cputime_t;
 #define jiffies_to_cputime(__hz)	(__force cputime_t)(__hz)
 
 typedef u64 __nocast cputime64_t;
+typedef s64 signed_cputime_t;
 
 #define cputime64_to_jiffies64(__ct)	(__force u64)(__ct)
 #define jiffies64_to_cputime64(__jif)	(__force cputime64_t)(__jif)
diff --git a/include/asm-generic/cputime_nsecs.h b/include/asm-generic/cputime_nsecs.h
index 0419485891f2..c1ad2f90a4d9 100644
--- a/include/asm-generic/cputime_nsecs.h
+++ b/include/asm-generic/cputime_nsecs.h
@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@
 typedef u64 __nocast cputime_t;
 typedef u64 __nocast cputime64_t;
 
+typedef s64 signed_cputime_t;
+typedef s64 signed_cputime64_t;
+
 #define cmpxchg_cputime(ptr, old, new) cmpxchg64(ptr, old, new)
 
 #define cputime_one_jiffy		jiffies_to_cputime(1)
diff --git a/kernel/tsacct.c b/kernel/tsacct.c
index 975cb49e32bf..1bebe0339ac1 100644
--- a/kernel/tsacct.c
+++ b/kernel/tsacct.c
@@ -126,23 +126,29 @@ static void __acct_update_integrals(struct task_struct *tsk,
 	if (likely(tsk->mm)) {
 		cputime_t time, dtime;
 		struct timeval value;
-		unsigned long flags;
 		u64 delta;
 
-		local_irq_save(flags);
 		time = stime + utime;
-		dtime = time - tsk->acct_timexpd;
+		dtime = time - READ_ONCE(tsk->acct_timexpd);
+		/*
+		 * This code is called both from irq context and from
+		 * task context. There is a race where irq context advances
+		 * tsk->acct_timexpd to a value larger than time, creating
+		 * a negative value. In that case, the irq has already
+		 * updated the statistics.
+		 */
+		if (unlikely((signed_cputime_t)dtime <= 0))
+			return;
+
 		jiffies_to_timeval(cputime_to_jiffies(dtime), &value);
 		delta = value.tv_sec;
 		delta = delta * USEC_PER_SEC + value.tv_usec;
 
 		if (delta == 0)
-			goto out;
+			return;
 		tsk->acct_timexpd = time;
 		tsk->acct_rss_mem1 += delta * get_mm_rss(tsk->mm);
 		tsk->acct_vm_mem1 += delta * tsk->mm->total_vm;
-	out:
-		local_irq_restore(flags);
 	}
 }
 
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