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Date: Tue, 16 Jun 2015 17:36:02 -0700
From: Andy Lutomirski <luto@...nel.org>
To: x86@...nel.org
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@...e.de>,
Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
John Stultz <john.stultz@...aro.org>,
linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, Len Brown <lenb@...nel.org>,
Huang Rui <ray.huang@....com>,
Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@...hat.com>, kvm@...r.kernel.org,
Ralf Baechle <ralf@...ux-mips.org>,
Andy Lutomirski <luto@...nel.org>
Subject: [PATCH v3 14/18] x86: Add rdtsc_ordered() and use it in trivial call sites
rdtsc_barrier(); rdtsc() is an unnecessary mouthful and requires
more thought than should be necessary. Add an rdtsc_ordered()
helper and replace the trivial call sites with it.
This should not change generated code. The duplication of the fence
asm is temporary.
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@...nel.org>
---
arch/x86/entry/vdso/vclock_gettime.c | 16 ++--------------
arch/x86/include/asm/msr.h | 26 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
arch/x86/kernel/trace_clock.c | 7 +------
arch/x86/kvm/x86.c | 16 ++--------------
arch/x86/lib/delay.c | 9 +++------
5 files changed, 34 insertions(+), 40 deletions(-)
diff --git a/arch/x86/entry/vdso/vclock_gettime.c b/arch/x86/entry/vdso/vclock_gettime.c
index 0340d93c18ca..ca94fa649251 100644
--- a/arch/x86/entry/vdso/vclock_gettime.c
+++ b/arch/x86/entry/vdso/vclock_gettime.c
@@ -175,20 +175,8 @@ static notrace cycle_t vread_pvclock(int *mode)
notrace static cycle_t vread_tsc(void)
{
- cycle_t ret;
- u64 last;
-
- /*
- * Empirically, a fence (of type that depends on the CPU)
- * before rdtsc is enough to ensure that rdtsc is ordered
- * with respect to loads. The various CPU manuals are unclear
- * as to whether rdtsc can be reordered with later loads,
- * but no one has ever seen it happen.
- */
- rdtsc_barrier();
- ret = (cycle_t)rdtsc();
-
- last = gtod->cycle_last;
+ cycle_t ret = (cycle_t)rdtsc_ordered();
+ u64 last = gtod->cycle_last;
if (likely(ret >= last))
return ret;
diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/msr.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/msr.h
index ff0c120dafe5..02bdd6c65017 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/msr.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/msr.h
@@ -127,6 +127,32 @@ static __always_inline unsigned long long rdtsc(void)
return EAX_EDX_VAL(val, low, high);
}
+/**
+ * rdtsc_ordered() - read the current TSC in program order
+ *
+ * rdtsc_ordered() returns the result of RDTSC as a 64-bit integer.
+ * It is ordered like a load to a global in-memory counter. It should
+ * be impossible to observe non-monotonic rdtsc_unordered() behavior
+ * across multiple CPUs as long as the TSC is synced.
+ */
+static __always_inline unsigned long long rdtsc_ordered(void)
+{
+ /*
+ * The RDTSC instruction is not ordered relative to memory
+ * access. The Intel SDM and the AMD APM are both vague on this
+ * point, but empirically an RDTSC instruction can be
+ * speculatively executed before prior loads. An RDTSC
+ * immediately after an appropriate barrier appears to be
+ * ordered as a normal load, that is, it provides the same
+ * ordering guarantees as reading from a global memory location
+ * that some other imaginary CPU is updating continuously with a
+ * time stamp.
+ */
+ alternative_2("", "mfence", X86_FEATURE_MFENCE_RDTSC,
+ "lfence", X86_FEATURE_LFENCE_RDTSC);
+ return rdtsc();
+}
+
static inline unsigned long long native_read_pmc(int counter)
{
DECLARE_ARGS(val, low, high);
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/trace_clock.c b/arch/x86/kernel/trace_clock.c
index 67efb8c96fc4..80bb24d9b880 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/trace_clock.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kernel/trace_clock.c
@@ -12,10 +12,5 @@
*/
u64 notrace trace_clock_x86_tsc(void)
{
- u64 ret;
-
- rdtsc_barrier();
- ret = rdtsc();
-
- return ret;
+ return rdtsc_ordered();
}
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
index b0afdc74c28a..dfccaf2f2e00 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
@@ -1419,20 +1419,8 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvm_write_tsc);
static cycle_t read_tsc(void)
{
- cycle_t ret;
- u64 last;
-
- /*
- * Empirically, a fence (of type that depends on the CPU)
- * before rdtsc is enough to ensure that rdtsc is ordered
- * with respect to loads. The various CPU manuals are unclear
- * as to whether rdtsc can be reordered with later loads,
- * but no one has ever seen it happen.
- */
- rdtsc_barrier();
- ret = (cycle_t)rdtsc();
-
- last = pvclock_gtod_data.clock.cycle_last;
+ cycle_t ret = (cycle_t)rdtsc_ordered();
+ u64 last = pvclock_gtod_data.clock.cycle_last;
if (likely(ret >= last))
return ret;
diff --git a/arch/x86/lib/delay.c b/arch/x86/lib/delay.c
index f24bc59ab0a0..4453d52a143d 100644
--- a/arch/x86/lib/delay.c
+++ b/arch/x86/lib/delay.c
@@ -54,11 +54,9 @@ static void delay_tsc(unsigned long __loops)
preempt_disable();
cpu = smp_processor_id();
- rdtsc_barrier();
- bclock = rdtsc();
+ bclock = rdtsc_ordered();
for (;;) {
- rdtsc_barrier();
- now = rdtsc();
+ now = rdtsc_ordered();
if ((now - bclock) >= loops)
break;
@@ -79,8 +77,7 @@ static void delay_tsc(unsigned long __loops)
if (unlikely(cpu != smp_processor_id())) {
loops -= (now - bclock);
cpu = smp_processor_id();
- rdtsc_barrier();
- bclock = rdtsc();
+ bclock = rdtsc_ordered();
}
}
preempt_enable();
--
2.4.2
--
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