Date:	Thu, 9 Jul 2015 14:53:14 +0100
From:	Morten Rasmussen <morten.rasmussen@....com>
To:	Yuyang Du <yuyang.du@...el.com>
Cc:	Mike Galbraith <umgwanakikbuti@...il.com>,
	Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
	Rabin Vincent <rabin.vincent@...s.com>,
	"mingo@...hat.com" <mingo@...hat.com>,
	"linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org" <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
	Paul Turner <pjt@...gle.com>, Ben Segall <bsegall@...gle.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH?] Livelock in pick_next_task_fair() / idle_balance()

On Mon, Jul 06, 2015 at 04:12:41AM +0800, Yuyang Du wrote:
> Hi Morten,
> 
> On Fri, Jul 03, 2015 at 10:34:41AM +0100, Morten Rasmussen wrote:
> > > > IOW, since task groups include blocked load in the load_avg_contrib (see
> > > > __update_group_entity_contrib() and __update_cfs_rq_tg_load_contrib()) the
> > > > imbalance includes blocked load and hence env->imbalance >=
> > > > sum(task_h_load(p)) for all tasks p on the rq. Which leads to
> > > > detach_tasks() emptying the rq completely in the reported scenario where
> > > > blocked load > runnable load.
> > > 
> > > Whenever I want to know the load avg concerning task group, I need to
> > > walk through the complete codes again, I prefer not to do it this time.
> > > But it should not be that simply to say "the 118 comes from the blocked load".
> > 
> > But the whole hierarchy of group entities is updated each time we enqueue
> > or dequeue a task. I don't see how the group entity load_avg_contrib is
> > not up to date? Why do you need to update it again?
> > 
> > In any case, we have one task in the group hierarchy which has a
> > load_avg_contrib of 0 and the grand-grand parent group entity has a
> > load_avg_contrib of 118 and no additional tasks. That load contribution
> > must be from tasks which are no longer around on the rq? No?
> 
> load_avg_contrib has WEIGHT inside, so the most I can say is:
> SE: 8f456e00's load_avg_contrib 118 = (its cfs_rq's runnable + blocked) / (tg->load_avg + 1) * tg->shares
> 
> The tg->shares is probably 1024 (at least 911). So we are just left with:
> 
> cfs_rq / tg = 11.5%

Yes, we also know that there is only one runnable task in the task group
hierarchy and its contribution is 0. Hence the rest must be from
non-runnable tasks belonging to some child group.

> I myself did question the sudden jump from 0 to 118 (see a previous reply).
> 
> But anyway, this really is irrelevant to the discusstion.

Agreed.

>  
> > > Anyway, with blocked load, yes, we definitely can't move (or even find) some
> > > ammount of the imbalance if we only look at the tasks on the queue. But this
> > > may or may not be a problem.
> > > 
> > > Firstly, the question comes to whether we want blocked load anywhere.
> > > This is just about a "now vs. average" question.
> > 
> > That is what I meant in the paragraph below. It is a scheduling policy
> > question.
> > 
> > > Secondly, if we stick to average, we just need to treat the blocked load
> > > consistently, not that group SE has it, but task SE does not, or somewhere
> > > has it, others not.
> > 
> > I agree that inconsistent use of blocked load will lead us into trouble.
> > The problem is that none of the load-balance logic was designed for
> > blocked load. It was written to deal load that is currently on the rq
> > and slightly biased by average cpu load, not dealing with load
> > contribution of tasks which we can't migrate at the moment because they
> > are blocked. The load-balance code has to be updated to deal with
> > blocked load. We will run into all sorts of issues if we don't and roll
> > out use of blocked load everywhere.
> > 
> > However, before we can rework the load-balance code, we have to agree on
> > the now vs average balance policy.
> > 
> > Your proposed patch implements a policy somewhere in between. We try to
> > balance based on average, but we don't allow idle_balance() to empty a
> > cpu completely. A pure average balance policy would allow a cpu to go
> > idle even if we could do have tasks waiting on other rqs if the blocked
> > load indicates that other task will show up shortly one the cpu. A pure
> > "now" balance would balance based on runnable_load_avg for all entities
> > including groups ignoring all blocked load, but that goes against the
> > PELT group balancing design.
> > 
> > I'm not against having a policy that sits somewhere in between, we just
> > have to agree it is the right policy and clean up the load-balance code
> > such that the implemented policy is clear.
>  
> The proposed patch sits in between? I agree, but would rather see it from
> another perspective.
> 
> First, I don't think it merits a solution/policy. It is just a cheap
> "last guard" to protect the "king" - no crash.

It's fine for me to have checks that makes sure we don't crash if we hit
some corner case in the load-balance code. I was more interested in
figuring out why we ended up in this situation and how we can implement
a more consistent policy.

> Second, a "pure average" policy is pretty fine in general, but it does not
> mean we would simply allow a CPU to be pulled empty, that is because we are
> making a bet from a prediction (average) here. By prediction, it basically
> means sometimes it fails. As the failure could lead to a disater, without
> blaming the prediction, it is reasonable we make a sort of "damage control".

I like the idea of balancing based on a average load/utilization that
includes blocked load/utilization. It ties in very nicely driving DVFS
for example. It is a fundamental change to how we perceive load for
load-balancing decisions though. It basically requires an update to the
load-balancing policy as most of it doesn't consider blocked load
scenarios this one. This one idle-balance problem is easily solve by
making sure not to pull the last task. I makes a lot of sense. But I'm
quite sure that we will face many more of such cases.

For example, at task wake-up, do you put the task on a cpu which is idle
in this instant with a high average load or on a cpu which is busy in
this instant but has a low average load? Currently, we just put the task
on an idle cpu ignoring any blocked load. If we implement a strict
average view policy we should choose the cpu with the lowest load even
if it is currently busy.

I would suggest that we revise the load-balance code before/while adding
blocked load so we get a clear(er) policy in the load-balance code so we
don't need too many (and maybe not so straightforward) last guards to fix
wrong balancing decisions. It doesn't have to be perfect, I just want to
get rid of code that nobody around can explain so we can tell if we
still make the right predictions when adding blocked load.
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