linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH 1/2] x86/bitops: implement __test

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Message-ID: <20150901113942.GB11161@gmail.com>
Date:	Tue, 1 Sep 2015 13:39:42 +0200
From:	Ingo Molnar <mingo@...nel.org>
To:	"Michael S. Tsirkin" <mst@...hat.com>
Cc:	"H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@...or.com>, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
	Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
	Ingo Molnar <mingo@...hat.com>, x86@...nel.org,
	Rusty Russell <rusty@...tcorp.com.au>,
	Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>,
	Uros Bizjak <ubizjak@...il.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH 1/2] x86/bitops: implement __test_bit


* Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@...hat.com> wrote:

> On Tue, Sep 01, 2015 at 11:24:22AM +0200, Ingo Molnar wrote:
> > 
> > * Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@...hat.com> wrote:
> > 
> > > I applied this patch on top of mine:
> > 
> > Yeah, looks similar to the one I sent.
> > 
> > > -static inline int __variable_test_bit(long nr, const unsigned long *addr)
> > > -{
> > > -	int oldbit;
> > > -
> > > -	asm volatile("bt %2,%1\n\t"
> > > -		     "sbb %0,%0"
> > > -		     : "=r" (oldbit)
> > > -		     : "m" (*addr), "Ir" (nr));
> > > -
> > > -	return oldbit;
> > > -}
> > 
> > > And the code size went up:
> > > 
> > >    134836    2997    8372  146205   23b1d arch/x86/kvm/kvm-intel.ko  ->
> > >    134846    2997    8372  146215   23b27 arch/x86/kvm/kvm-intel.ko     
> > > 
> > >    342690   47640     441  390771   5f673 arch/x86/kvm/kvm.ko ->
> > >    342738   47640     441  390819   5f6a3 arch/x86/kvm/kvm.ko   
> > > 
> > > I tried removing  __always_inline, this had no effect.
> > 
> > But code size isn't the only factor.
> > 
> > Uros Bizjak pointed out that the reason GCC does not use the "BT reg,mem" 
> > instruction is that it's highly suboptimal even on recent microarchitectures, 
> > Sandy Bridge is listed as having a 10 cycles latency (!) for this instruction:
> > 
> >    http://www.agner.org/optimize/instruction_tables.pdf
> > 
> > this instruction had bad latency going back to Pentium 4 CPUs.
> > 
> > ... so unless something changed in this area with Skylake I think using the 
> > __variable_test_bit() code of the kernel is a bad choice and looking at kernel 
> > size only is misleading.
> > 
> > It makes sense for atomics, but not for unlocked access.
> > 
> > Thanks,
> > 
> > 	Ingo
> 
> Hmm - so do you take back the ack?

I have no strong feelings either way, it simply strikes me as misguided to 
explicitly optimize for something that is listed as a high overhead instruction.

Assuming it really is high overhead:

> I compared this:
> int main(int argc, char **argv)
> {
> 
>         long long int i;
>         const unsigned long addr = 0;
>         for (i = 0; i < 1000000000ull; ++i) {
>                 asm volatile("");
>                 if (__variable_test_bit(1, &addr))
>                 asm volatile("");
>         }
>         return 0;
> }
> 
> with the __constant_test_bit variant.
> 
> __constant_test_bit code does appear to be slower on an i7 processor.

Hm, so this seems to be contradictory: if I'm right with the argument above then 
we'd expect the opposite result: variable_test_bit (BT using asm variant) should 
be slower than constant_test_bit (GCC version), correct?

Btw., to be sure it's a representative performance test instead of a barrier() in 
your testcase I'd actually do something with the result in a way neither the 
compiler nor the CPU can optimize it out as unused.

> test_bit isn't atomic either. Maybe drop variable_test_bit there too?

Yes, but only if I'm right about BT being suboptimal in this case on modern x86 
CPUs!

Thanks,

	Ingo
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