linux-kernel - [tip:sched/core] sched/core: Fix TASK_DEAD race in finish_task

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Date:	Tue, 6 Oct 2015 09:12:36 -0700
From:	tip-bot for Peter Zijlstra <tipbot@...or.com>
To:	linux-tip-commits@...r.kernel.org
Cc:	tglx@...utronix.de, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, mingo@...nel.org,
	oleg@...hat.com, hpa@...or.com, peterz@...radead.org,
	torvalds@...ux-foundation.org
Subject: [tip:sched/core] sched/core:
  Fix TASK_DEAD race in finish_task_switch()

Commit-ID:  95913d97914f44db2b81271c2e2ebd4d2ac2df83
Gitweb:     http://git.kernel.org/tip/95913d97914f44db2b81271c2e2ebd4d2ac2df83
Author:     Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>
AuthorDate: Tue, 29 Sep 2015 14:45:09 +0200
Committer:  Ingo Molnar <mingo@...nel.org>
CommitDate: Tue, 6 Oct 2015 17:05:17 +0200

sched/core: Fix TASK_DEAD race in finish_task_switch()

So the problem this patch is trying to address is as follows:

        CPU0                            CPU1

        context_switch(A, B)
                                        ttwu(A)
                                          LOCK A->pi_lock
                                          A->on_cpu == 0
        finish_task_switch(A)
          prev_state = A->state  <-.
          WMB                      |
          A->on_cpu = 0;           |
          UNLOCK rq0->lock         |
                                   |    context_switch(C, A)
                                   `--  A->state = TASK_DEAD
          prev_state == TASK_DEAD
            put_task_struct(A)
                                        context_switch(A, C)
                                        finish_task_switch(A)
                                          A->state == TASK_DEAD
                                            put_task_struct(A)

The argument being that the WMB will allow the load of A->state on CPU0
to cross over and observe CPU1's store of A->state, which will then
result in a double-drop and use-after-free.

Now the comment states (and this was true once upon a long time ago)
that we need to observe A->state while holding rq->lock because that
will order us against the wakeup; however the wakeup will not in fact
acquire (that) rq->lock; it takes A->pi_lock these days.

We can obviously fix this by upgrading the WMB to an MB, but that is
expensive, so we'd rather avoid that.

The alternative this patch takes is: smp_store_release(&A->on_cpu, 0),
which avoids the MB on some archs, but not important ones like ARM.

Reported-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@...hat.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@...radead.org>
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>
Cc: <stable@...r.kernel.org> # v3.1+
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Cc: manfred@...orfullife.com
Cc: will.deacon@....com
Fixes: e4a52bcb9a18 ("sched: Remove rq->lock from the first half of ttwu()")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20150929124509.GG3816@twins.programming.kicks-ass.net
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@...nel.org>
---
 kernel/sched/core.c  | 10 +++++-----
 kernel/sched/sched.h |  5 +++--
 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kernel/sched/core.c b/kernel/sched/core.c
index 6159531..10a8faa 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/core.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/core.c
@@ -2517,11 +2517,11 @@ static struct rq *finish_task_switch(struct task_struct *prev)
 	 * If a task dies, then it sets TASK_DEAD in tsk->state and calls
 	 * schedule one last time. The schedule call will never return, and
 	 * the scheduled task must drop that reference.
-	 * The test for TASK_DEAD must occur while the runqueue locks are
-	 * still held, otherwise prev could be scheduled on another cpu, die
-	 * there before we look at prev->state, and then the reference would
-	 * be dropped twice.
-	 *		Manfred Spraul <manfred@...orfullife.com>
+	 *
+	 * We must observe prev->state before clearing prev->on_cpu (in
+	 * finish_lock_switch), otherwise a concurrent wakeup can get prev
+	 * running on another CPU and we could rave with its RUNNING -> DEAD
+	 * transition, resulting in a double drop.
 	 */
 	prev_state = prev->state;
 	vtime_task_switch(prev);
diff --git a/kernel/sched/sched.h b/kernel/sched/sched.h
index 68cda11..6d2a119 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/sched.h
+++ b/kernel/sched/sched.h
@@ -1078,9 +1078,10 @@ static inline void finish_lock_switch(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev)
 	 * After ->on_cpu is cleared, the task can be moved to a different CPU.
 	 * We must ensure this doesn't happen until the switch is completely
 	 * finished.
+	 *
+	 * Pairs with the control dependency and rmb in try_to_wake_up().
 	 */
-	smp_wmb();
-	prev->on_cpu = 0;
+	smp_store_release(&prev->on_cpu, 0);
 #endif
 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SPINLOCK
 	/* this is a valid case when another task releases the spinlock */
--
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