Date:	Sun, 24 Jan 2016 09:05:38 -0800
From:	Guenter Roeck <linux@...ck-us.net>
To:	Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@...aro.org>
Cc:	Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@...ibm.com>,
	Michael Ellerman <mpe@...erman.id.au>,
	Kees Cook <keescook@...omium.org>,
	Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
	"linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org" <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: Problems with commit 'kallsyms: add support for relative offsets
 in kallsyms address table' (in mmotm)

On 01/24/2016 12:21 AM, Ard Biesheuvel wrote:
> On 24 January 2016 at 08:06, Guenter Roeck <linux@...ck-us.net> wrote:
>> On 01/23/2016 10:10 PM, Ard Biesheuvel wrote:
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>> On 24 jan. 2016, at 03:35, Guenter Roeck <linux@...ck-us.net> wrote:
>>>>
>>>>> On 01/23/2016 06:06 PM, Guenter Roeck wrote:
>>>>> Hi,
>>>>>
>>>>> I see runtime problems with the current mmotm branch. All qemu mips
>>>>> targets
>>>>> (32 and 64 bit, big and little endian) are stuck in boot after this
>>>>> commit.
>>>>>
>>>>> Bisect points to commit d13682e4d9d2 ("kallsyms: add support for
>>>>> relative offsets
>>>>> in kallsyms address table". Disabling CONFIG_KALLSYMS_BASE_RELATIVE
>>>>> fixes the problem,
>>>>> ie I can boot the image with qemu.
>>>>>
>>>>> Bisect log is attached.
>>>>>
>>>>> Playing with the problem, I found the following:
>>>>>
>>>>> 1) The problem is only seen with a toolchain using binutils 2.22, but
>>>>> not
>>>>>      with a toolchain using binutils 2.25. The compiler configuration may
>>>>> be
>>>>>      different for both toolchains.
>>>>> 2) Message "kallsyms failure: absolute symbol value 0xffffffff807afd14
>>>>> out of range
>>>>>      in relative mode" (twice) when using the toolchain with binutils
>>>>> 2.22.
>>>>>      This does not cause the build to fail, though.
>>>>> 3) kallsyms_sym_address() parameter variable type is "int". In the
>>>>> calling code,
>>>>>      the variable type used is "unsigned long". That has no impact on the
>>>>> problem,
>>>>>      though.
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> An additional data point: When using the older toolchain, many symbols in
>>>> System.map
>>>> are marked "A".
>>>>      ffffffff80100000 A _text
>>>> With the more recent toolchain, the same symbols are marked "T".
>>>>      ffffffff80100000 T _text
>>>>
>>>
>>> Thanks for the analysis. It is surprising that the build does not fail
>>> when this occurs, and the subsequent hangs themselves are probably caused by
>>> missing kallsyms data.
>>>
>> Yes, I wondered why the build doesn't fail. Seems odd.
>>
>>> scripts/kallsyms.c ignores all A symbols except _text, which is actually a
>>> relative symbol by nature so we can simply assume it is relative (i.e.,
>>> override it as T)
>>>
>>> Re x86_64 !SMP, any build time errors there as well? Likewise for sparc32?
>>>
>>
>> Yes, same kind of errors for both. For x86_64/nosmp I also get the error
>> message
>> when using the Ubuntu native toolchain, so it doesn't seem to be (directly)
>> related to binutils 2.22 vs. 2.25 for that architecture.
>>
>> Runtime behavior is a bit different for the different architectures.
>> x86_64 dies silently without any console output, mips just hangs,
>> and sparc32 gets a panic with NULL pointer access.
>> Of course, with missing kallsyms data all bets are off.
>>
>>>
>>> Thanks again, and sorry for the trouble,
>>
>>
>> No worries. Hope you'll get this sorted out.
>>
>
> OK, there's an additional issue in my latest version: the
> kallsyms_relative_base value itself is not relocated.
>
> If you have more time to burn on this, could you try the following on
> top? (If not, that is also fine, I will look into it myself on Monday)
>
> diff --git a/scripts/kallsyms.c b/scripts/kallsyms.c
> index 5ab13394dfd9..0f43f0751d47 100644
> --- a/scripts/kallsyms.c
> +++ b/scripts/kallsyms.c
> @@ -137,8 +137,10 @@ static int read_symbol(FILE *in, struct sym_entry *s)
>                  sym++;
>
>          /* Ignore most absolute/undefined (?) symbols. */
> -       if (strcmp(sym, "_text") == 0)
> +       if (strcmp(sym, "_text") == 0) {
>                  _text = s->addr;
> +               stype = 'T';
> +       }
>          else if (check_symbol_range(sym, s->addr, text_ranges,
>                                      ARRAY_SIZE(text_ranges)) == 0)
>                  /* nothing to do */;
> @@ -406,7 +408,7 @@ static void write_src(void)
>
>          if (base_relative) {
>                  output_label("kallsyms_relative_base");
> -               printf("\tPTR\t%#llx\n", relative_base);
> +               printf("\tPTR\t_text - %#llx\n", _text - relative_base);
>                  printf("\n");
>          }
>

Does not help.

Here is part of the problem. This is from a log message added to make_percpus_absolute().

Marking symbol 'B__bss_start' as absolute
Marking symbol '?__init_end' as absolute
Marking symbol 'D__nosave_begin' as absolute
Marking symbol 'D__nosave_end' as absolute
Marking symbol 'D__per_cpu_end' as absolute
Marking symbol 'D__per_cpu_load' as absolute
Marking symbol 'D__per_cpu_start' as absolute
Marking symbol '?__smp_locks' as absolute
Marking symbol '?__smp_locks_end' as absolute
Marking symbol 'Bempty_zero_page' as absolute

This is with x86_64/nosmp. At least some of those symbols don't really reflect
'percpu' values. Maybe the distinction between percpu and non-percpu variables
gets lost if SMP is not configured.

On top of that, older versions of binutils mark additional symbols as absolute,
even with x86_64.

ffffffff81a00000 A __end_rodata_hpage_align
ffffffff81b19000 A __vvar_page
ffffffff81d3d000 A _end

Hope this helps,
Guenter

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