linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH] cpufreq: governor: Fix prev_load initialization in cpufreq_governor

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Date:	Mon, 25 Apr 2016 13:24:22 +0200
From:	"Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@...nel.org>
To:	Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@...aro.org>
Cc:	"Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@...ysocki.net>,
	Linux PM list <linux-pm@...r.kernel.org>,
	Linux Kernel Mailing List <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
	Chen Yu <yu.c.chen@...el.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH] cpufreq: governor: Fix prev_load initialization in cpufreq_governor_start()

On Mon, Apr 25, 2016 at 6:14 AM, Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@...aro.org> wrote:
> On 25-04-16, 03:07, Rafael J. Wysocki wrote:
>> From: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@...el.com>
>>
>> The way cpufreq_governor_start() initializes j_cdbs->prev_load is
>> questionable.
>>
>> First off, j_cdbs->prev_cpu_wall used as a denominator in the
>> computation may be zero.  The case this happens is when
>> get_cpu_idle_time_us() returns -1 and get_cpu_idle_time_jiffy()
>> used to return that number is called exactly at the jiffies_64
>> wrap time.  It is rather hard to trigger that error, but it is not
>> impossible and it will just crash the kernel then.
>>
>> Second, j_cdbs->prev_load is computed as the average load during
>> the entire time since the system started and it may not reflect the
>> load in the previous sampling period (as it is expected to).
>> That doesn't play well with the way dbs_update() uses that value.
>> Namely, if the update time delta (wall_time) happens do be greater
>> than twice the sampling rate on the first invocation of it, the
>> initial value of j_cdbs->prev_load (which may be completely off) will
>> be returned to the caller as the current load (unless it is equal to
>> zero and unless another CPU sharing the same policy object has a
>> greater load value).
>>
>> For this reason, notice that the prev_load field of struct cpu_dbs_info
>> is only used by dbs_update() and only in that one place, so if
>> cpufreq_governor_start() is modified to always initialize it to 0,
>> it will make dbs_update() always compute the actual load first time
>> it checks the update time delta against the doubled sampling rate
>> (after initialization) and there won't be any side effects of it.
>>
>> Consequently, modify cpufreq_governor_start() as described.
>>
>> Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@...el.com>
>> ---
>>  drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_governor.c |    8 ++++----
>>  1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
>>
>> Index: linux-pm/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_governor.c
>> ===================================================================
>> --- linux-pm.orig/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_governor.c
>> +++ linux-pm/drivers/cpufreq/cpufreq_governor.c
>> @@ -508,12 +508,12 @@ static int cpufreq_governor_start(struct
>>
>>       for_each_cpu(j, policy->cpus) {
>>               struct cpu_dbs_info *j_cdbs = &per_cpu(cpu_dbs, j);
>> -             unsigned int prev_load;
>>
>>               j_cdbs->prev_cpu_idle = get_cpu_idle_time(j, &j_cdbs->prev_cpu_wall, io_busy);
>> -
>> -             prev_load = j_cdbs->prev_cpu_wall - j_cdbs->prev_cpu_idle;
>> -             j_cdbs->prev_load = 100 * prev_load / (unsigned int)j_cdbs->prev_cpu_wall;
>> +             /*
>> +              * Make the first invocation of dbs_update() compute the load.
>> +              */
>> +             j_cdbs->prev_load = 0;
>>
>>               if (ignore_nice)
>>                       j_cdbs->prev_cpu_nice = kcpustat_cpu(j).cpustat[CPUTIME_NICE];
>
> I tried to understand why the
>
> commit 18b46abd0009 ("cpufreq: governor: Be friendly towards
> latency-sensitive bursty workloads")
>
> modify the START section and added this stuff and I completely failed
> to understand it now. Do you remember why was this added at all ?

The big comment in dbs_update() explains it, but not the initialization part.

I guess the initialization tried to be smart and avoid the "almost
zero load" effect in cases when the CPU is idle to start with, but
that's questionable as explained in my changelog.  I guess I should
add a "Fixes:" tag for that commit to the patch. :-)