linux-kernel - Re: [RFC][PATCH 1/3] locking: Introduce smp_acquire__after_ctrl

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Date:	Wed, 25 May 2016 13:39:30 +0800
From:	Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@...il.com>
To:	"Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@...ux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc:	Waiman Long <waiman.long@....com>,
	Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
	linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, torvalds@...ux-foundation.org,
	manfred@...orfullife.com, dave@...olabs.net, will.deacon@....com,
	tj@...nel.org, pablo@...filter.org, kaber@...sh.net,
	davem@...emloft.net, oleg@...hat.com,
	netfilter-devel@...r.kernel.org, sasha.levin@...cle.com,
	hofrat@...dl.org
Subject: Re: [RFC][PATCH 1/3] locking: Introduce smp_acquire__after_ctrl_dep

On Tue, May 24, 2016 at 09:53:29PM -0700, Paul E. McKenney wrote:
> On Tue, May 24, 2016 at 11:01:21PM -0400, Waiman Long wrote:
> > On 05/24/2016 10:27 AM, Peter Zijlstra wrote:
> > >Introduce smp_acquire__after_ctrl_dep(), this construct is not
> > >uncommen, but the lack of this barrier is.
> > >
> > >Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel)<peterz@...radead.org>
> > >---
> > >  include/linux/compiler.h |   14 ++++++++++----
> > >  ipc/sem.c                |   14 ++------------
> > >  2 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)
> > >
> > >--- a/include/linux/compiler.h
> > >+++ b/include/linux/compiler.h
> > >@@ -305,20 +305,26 @@ static __always_inline void __write_once
> > >  })
> > >
> > >  /**
> > >+ * smp_acquire__after_ctrl_dep() - Provide ACQUIRE ordering after a control dependency
> > >+ *
> > >+ * A control dependency provides a LOAD->STORE order, the additional RMB
> > >+ * provides LOAD->LOAD order, together they provide LOAD->{LOAD,STORE} order,
> > >+ * aka. ACQUIRE.
> > >+ */
> > >+#define smp_acquire__after_ctrl_dep()		smp_rmb()
> > >+
> > >+/**
> > >   * smp_cond_acquire() - Spin wait for cond with ACQUIRE ordering
> > >   * @cond: boolean expression to wait for
> > >   *
> > >   * Equivalent to using smp_load_acquire() on the condition variable but employs
> > >   * the control dependency of the wait to reduce the barrier on many platforms.
> > >   *
> > >- * The control dependency provides a LOAD->STORE order, the additional RMB
> > >- * provides LOAD->LOAD order, together they provide LOAD->{LOAD,STORE} order,
> > >- * aka. ACQUIRE.
> > >   */
> > >  #define smp_cond_acquire(cond)	do {		\
> > >  	while (!(cond))				\
> > >  		cpu_relax();			\
> > >-	smp_rmb(); /* ctrl + rmb := acquire */	\
> > >+	smp_acquire__after_ctrl_dep();		\
> > >  } while (0)
> > >
> > >
> > 
> > I have a question about the claim that control dependence + rmb is
> > equivalent to an acquire memory barrier. For example,
> > 
> > S1:    if (a)
> > S2:       b = 1;
> >        smp_rmb()
> > S3:    c = 2;
> > 
> > Since c is independent of both a and b, is it possible that the cpu
> > may reorder to execute store statement S3 first before S1 and S2?
> 
> The CPUs I know of won't do, nor should the compiler, at least assuming
> "a" (AKA "cond") includes READ_ONCE().  Ditto "b" and WRITE_ONCE().
> Otherwise, the compiler could do quite a few "interesting" things,
> especially if it knows the value of "b".  For example, if the compiler
> knows that b==1, without the volatile casts, the compiler could just
> throw away both S1 and S2, eliminating any ordering.  This can get
> quite tricky -- see memory-barriers.txt for more mischief.
> 
> The smp_rmb() is not needed in this example because S3 is a write, not

but S3 needs to be an WRITE_ONCE(), right? IOW, the following code can
result in reordering:

S1:	if (READ_ONCE(a))
S2:		WRITE_ONCE(b, 1);
	
S3:	c = 2; // this can be reordered before READ_ONCE(a)

but if we change S3 to WRITE_ONCE(c, 2), the reordering can not happen
for the CPUs you are aware of, right?

Regards,
Boqun

> a read.  Perhaps you meant something more like this:
> 
> 	if (READ_ONCE(a))
> 		WRITE_ONCE(b, 1);
> 	smp_rmb();
> 	r1 = READ_ONCE(c);
> 
> This sequence would guarantee that "a" was read before "c".
> 
> 							Thanx, Paul
> 

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