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Message-Id: <20160525143006.1207-3-sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 25 May 2016 23:30:01 +0900
From: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@...il.com>
To: Minchan Kim <minchan@...nel.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@....com>,
linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky.work@...il.com>,
Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@...il.com>
Subject: [PATCH 2/7] zram: switch to crypto compress API
We don't have an idle zstreams list anymore and our write path
now works absolutely differently, preventing preemption during
compression. This removes possibilities of read paths preempting
writes at wrong places (which could badly affect the performance
of both paths) and at the same time opens the door for a move
from custom LZO/LZ4 compression backends implementation to a more
generic one, using crypto compress API.
Joonsoo Kim [1] attempted to do this a while ago, but faced with
the need of introducing a new crypto API interface. The root cause
was the fact that crypto API compression algorithms require a
compression stream structure (in zram terminology) for both
compression and decompression ops, while in reality only several
of compression algorithms really need it. This resulted in a
concept of context-less crypto API compression backends [2]. Both
write and read paths, though, would have been executed with the
preemption enabled, which in the worst case could have resulted
in a decreased worst-case performance, e.g. consider the
following case:
CPU0
zram_write()
spin_lock()
take the last idle stream
spin_unlock()
<< preempted >>
zram_read()
spin_lock()
no idle streams
spin_unlock()
schedule()
resuming zram_write compression()
but it took me some time to realize that, and it took even longer
to evolve zram and to make it ready for crypto API. The key turned
out to be -- drop the idle streams list entirely. With out the
idle streams list we are free to use compression algorithms that
require compression stream for decompression (read), because streams
are now placed in per-cpu data and each write path has to disable
preemption for compression op, almost completely eliminating the
aforementioned case (technically, we still have a small chance,
because write path has a fast and a slow paths and the slow path
is executed with the preemption enabled; but the frequency of
failed fast path is too low).
TEST
====
- 4 CPUs, x86_64 system
- 3G zram, lzo
- fio tests: read, randread, write, randwrite, rw, randrw
test script [3] command:
ZRAM_SIZE=3G LOG_SUFFIX=XXXX FIO_LOOPS=5 ./zram-fio-test.sh
BASE PATCHED
jobs1
READ: 2527.2MB/s 2482.7MB/s
READ: 2102.7MB/s 2045.0MB/s
WRITE: 1284.3MB/s 1324.3MB/s
WRITE: 1080.7MB/s 1101.9MB/s
READ: 430125KB/s 437498KB/s
WRITE: 430538KB/s 437919KB/s
READ: 399593KB/s 403987KB/s
WRITE: 399910KB/s 404308KB/s
jobs2
READ: 8133.5MB/s 7854.8MB/s
READ: 7086.6MB/s 6912.8MB/s
WRITE: 3177.2MB/s 3298.3MB/s
WRITE: 2810.2MB/s 2871.4MB/s
READ: 1017.6MB/s 1023.4MB/s
WRITE: 1018.2MB/s 1023.1MB/s
READ: 977836KB/s 984205KB/s
WRITE: 979435KB/s 985814KB/s
jobs3
READ: 13557MB/s 13391MB/s
READ: 11876MB/s 11752MB/s
WRITE: 4641.5MB/s 4682.1MB/s
WRITE: 4164.9MB/s 4179.3MB/s
READ: 1453.8MB/s 1455.1MB/s
WRITE: 1455.1MB/s 1458.2MB/s
READ: 1387.7MB/s 1395.7MB/s
WRITE: 1386.1MB/s 1394.9MB/s
jobs4
READ: 20271MB/s 20078MB/s
READ: 18033MB/s 17928MB/s
WRITE: 6176.8MB/s 6180.5MB/s
WRITE: 5686.3MB/s 5705.3MB/s
READ: 2009.4MB/s 2006.7MB/s
WRITE: 2007.5MB/s 2004.9MB/s
READ: 1929.7MB/s 1935.6MB/s
WRITE: 1926.8MB/s 1932.6MB/s
jobs5
READ: 18823MB/s 19024MB/s
READ: 18968MB/s 19071MB/s
WRITE: 6191.6MB/s 6372.1MB/s
WRITE: 5818.7MB/s 5787.1MB/s
READ: 2011.7MB/s 1981.3MB/s
WRITE: 2011.4MB/s 1980.1MB/s
READ: 1949.3MB/s 1935.7MB/s
WRITE: 1940.4MB/s 1926.1MB/s
jobs6
READ: 21870MB/s 21715MB/s
READ: 19957MB/s 19879MB/s
WRITE: 6528.4MB/s 6537.6MB/s
WRITE: 6098.9MB/s 6073.6MB/s
READ: 2048.6MB/s 2049.9MB/s
WRITE: 2041.7MB/s 2042.9MB/s
READ: 2013.4MB/s 1990.4MB/s
WRITE: 2009.4MB/s 1986.5MB/s
jobs7
READ: 21359MB/s 21124MB/s
READ: 19746MB/s 19293MB/s
WRITE: 6660.4MB/s 6518.8MB/s
WRITE: 6211.6MB/s 6193.1MB/s
READ: 2089.7MB/s 2080.6MB/s
WRITE: 2085.8MB/s 2076.5MB/s
READ: 2041.2MB/s 2052.5MB/s
WRITE: 2037.5MB/s 2048.8MB/s
jobs8
READ: 20477MB/s 19974MB/s
READ: 18922MB/s 18576MB/s
WRITE: 6851.9MB/s 6788.3MB/s
WRITE: 6407.7MB/s 6347.5MB/s
READ: 2134.8MB/s 2136.1MB/s
WRITE: 2132.8MB/s 2134.4MB/s
READ: 2074.2MB/s 2069.6MB/s
WRITE: 2087.3MB/s 2082.4MB/s
jobs9
READ: 19797MB/s 19994MB/s
READ: 18806MB/s 18581MB/s
WRITE: 6878.7MB/s 6822.7MB/s
WRITE: 6456.8MB/s 6447.2MB/s
READ: 2141.1MB/s 2154.7MB/s
WRITE: 2144.4MB/s 2157.3MB/s
READ: 2084.1MB/s 2085.1MB/s
WRITE: 2091.5MB/s 2092.5MB/s
jobs10
READ: 19794MB/s 19784MB/s
READ: 18794MB/s 18745MB/s
WRITE: 6984.4MB/s 6676.3MB/s
WRITE: 6532.3MB/s 6342.7MB/s
READ: 2150.6MB/s 2155.4MB/s
WRITE: 2156.8MB/s 2161.5MB/s
READ: 2106.4MB/s 2095.6MB/s
WRITE: 2109.7MB/s 2098.4MB/s
BASE PATCHED
jobs1 perfstat
stalled-cycles-frontend 102,480,595,419 ( 41.53%) 114,508,864,804 ( 46.92%)
stalled-cycles-backend 51,941,417,832 ( 21.05%) 46,836,112,388 ( 19.19%)
instructions 283,612,054,215 ( 1.15) 283,918,134,959 ( 1.16)
branches 56,372,560,385 ( 724.923) 56,449,814,753 ( 733.766)
branch-misses 374,826,000 ( 0.66%) 326,935,859 ( 0.58%)
jobs2 perfstat
stalled-cycles-frontend 155,142,745,777 ( 40.99%) 164,170,979,198 ( 43.82%)
stalled-cycles-backend 70,813,866,387 ( 18.71%) 66,456,858,165 ( 17.74%)
instructions 463,436,648,173 ( 1.22) 464,221,890,191 ( 1.24)
branches 91,088,733,902 ( 760.088) 91,278,144,546 ( 769.133)
branch-misses 504,460,363 ( 0.55%) 394,033,842 ( 0.43%)
jobs3 perfstat
stalled-cycles-frontend 201,300,397,212 ( 39.84%) 223,969,902,257 ( 44.44%)
stalled-cycles-backend 87,712,593,974 ( 17.36%) 81,618,888,712 ( 16.19%)
instructions 642,869,545,023 ( 1.27) 644,677,354,132 ( 1.28)
branches 125,724,560,594 ( 690.682) 126,133,159,521 ( 694.542)
branch-misses 527,941,798 ( 0.42%) 444,782,220 ( 0.35%)
jobs4 perfstat
stalled-cycles-frontend 246,701,197,429 ( 38.12%) 280,076,030,886 ( 43.29%)
stalled-cycles-backend 119,050,341,112 ( 18.40%) 110,955,641,671 ( 17.15%)
instructions 822,716,962,127 ( 1.27) 825,536,969,320 ( 1.28)
branches 160,590,028,545 ( 688.614) 161,152,996,915 ( 691.068)
branch-misses 650,295,287 ( 0.40%) 550,229,113 ( 0.34%)
jobs5 perfstat
stalled-cycles-frontend 298,958,462,516 ( 38.30%) 344,852,200,358 ( 44.16%)
stalled-cycles-backend 137,558,742,122 ( 17.62%) 129,465,067,102 ( 16.58%)
instructions 1,005,714,688,752 ( 1.29) 1,007,657,999,432 ( 1.29)
branches 195,988,773,962 ( 697.730) 196,446,873,984 ( 700.319)
branch-misses 695,818,940 ( 0.36%) 624,823,263 ( 0.32%)
jobs6 perfstat
stalled-cycles-frontend 334,497,602,856 ( 36.71%) 387,590,419,779 ( 42.38%)
stalled-cycles-backend 163,539,365,335 ( 17.95%) 152,640,193,639 ( 16.69%)
instructions 1,184,738,177,851 ( 1.30) 1,187,396,281,677 ( 1.30)
branches 230,592,915,640 ( 702.902) 231,253,802,882 ( 702.356)
branch-misses 747,934,786 ( 0.32%) 643,902,424 ( 0.28%)
jobs7 perfstat
stalled-cycles-frontend 396,724,684,187 ( 37.71%) 460,705,858,952 ( 43.84%)
stalled-cycles-backend 188,096,616,496 ( 17.88%) 175,785,787,036 ( 16.73%)
instructions 1,364,041,136,608 ( 1.30) 1,366,689,075,112 ( 1.30)
branches 265,253,096,936 ( 700.078) 265,890,524,883 ( 702.839)
branch-misses 784,991,589 ( 0.30%) 729,196,689 ( 0.27%)
jobs8 perfstat
stalled-cycles-frontend 440,248,299,870 ( 36.92%) 509,554,793,816 ( 42.46%)
stalled-cycles-backend 222,575,930,616 ( 18.67%) 213,401,248,432 ( 17.78%)
instructions 1,542,262,045,114 ( 1.29) 1,545,233,932,257 ( 1.29)
branches 299,775,178,439 ( 697.666) 300,528,458,505 ( 694.769)
branch-misses 847,496,084 ( 0.28%) 748,794,308 ( 0.25%)
jobs9 perfstat
stalled-cycles-frontend 506,269,882,480 ( 37.86%) 592,798,032,820 ( 44.43%)
stalled-cycles-backend 253,192,498,861 ( 18.93%) 233,727,666,185 ( 17.52%)
instructions 1,721,985,080,913 ( 1.29) 1,724,666,236,005 ( 1.29)
branches 334,517,360,255 ( 694.134) 335,199,758,164 ( 697.131)
branch-misses 873,496,730 ( 0.26%) 815,379,236 ( 0.24%)
jobs10 perfstat
stalled-cycles-frontend 549,063,363,749 ( 37.18%) 651,302,376,662 ( 43.61%)
stalled-cycles-backend 281,680,986,810 ( 19.07%) 277,005,235,582 ( 18.55%)
instructions 1,901,859,271,180 ( 1.29) 1,906,311,064,230 ( 1.28)
branches 369,398,536,153 ( 694.004) 370,527,696,358 ( 688.409)
branch-misses 967,929,335 ( 0.26%) 890,125,056 ( 0.24%)
BASE PATCHED
seconds elapsed 79.421641008 78.735285546
seconds elapsed 61.471246133 60.869085949
seconds elapsed 62.317058173 62.224188495
seconds elapsed 60.030739363 60.081102518
seconds elapsed 74.070398362 74.317582865
seconds elapsed 84.985953007 85.414364176
seconds elapsed 97.724553255 98.173311344
seconds elapsed 109.488066758 110.268399318
seconds elapsed 122.768189405 122.967164498
seconds elapsed 135.130035105 136.934770801
On my other system (8 x86_64 CPUs, short version of test results):
BASE PATCHED
seconds elapsed 19.518065994 19.806320662
seconds elapsed 15.172772749 15.594718291
seconds elapsed 13.820925970 13.821708564
seconds elapsed 13.293097816 14.585206405
seconds elapsed 16.207284118 16.064431606
seconds elapsed 17.958376158 17.771825767
seconds elapsed 19.478009164 19.602961508
seconds elapsed 21.347152811 21.352318709
seconds elapsed 24.478121126 24.171088735
seconds elapsed 26.865057442 26.767327618
So performance-wise the numbers are quite similar.
[1] http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=144480832108927&w=2
[2] http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=145379613507518&w=2
[3] https://github.com/sergey-senozhatsky/zram-perf-test
Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@...il.com>
Suggested-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@...nel.org>
Suggested-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@....com>
---
drivers/block/zram/Kconfig | 10 +++----
drivers/block/zram/zcomp.c | 66 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------
drivers/block/zram/zcomp.h | 7 +++--
drivers/block/zram/zram_drv.c | 14 +++++----
4 files changed, 61 insertions(+), 36 deletions(-)
diff --git a/drivers/block/zram/Kconfig b/drivers/block/zram/Kconfig
index 386ba3d..2252cd7 100644
--- a/drivers/block/zram/Kconfig
+++ b/drivers/block/zram/Kconfig
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
config ZRAM
tristate "Compressed RAM block device support"
- depends on BLOCK && SYSFS && ZSMALLOC
- select LZO_COMPRESS
- select LZO_DECOMPRESS
+ depends on BLOCK && SYSFS && ZSMALLOC && CRYPTO
+ select CRYPTO_LZO
default n
help
Creates virtual block devices called /dev/zramX (X = 0, 1, ...).
@@ -18,9 +17,8 @@ config ZRAM
config ZRAM_LZ4_COMPRESS
bool "Enable LZ4 algorithm support"
depends on ZRAM
- select LZ4_COMPRESS
- select LZ4_DECOMPRESS
+ select CRYPTO_LZ4
default n
help
This option enables LZ4 compression algorithm support. Compression
- algorithm can be changed using `comp_algorithm' device attribute.
\ No newline at end of file
+ algorithm can be changed using `comp_algorithm' device attribute.
diff --git a/drivers/block/zram/zcomp.c b/drivers/block/zram/zcomp.c
index 400f826..82b568e 100644
--- a/drivers/block/zram/zcomp.c
+++ b/drivers/block/zram/zcomp.c
@@ -14,26 +14,23 @@
#include <linux/wait.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
+#include <linux/crypto.h>
#include "zcomp.h"
-#include "zcomp_lzo.h"
-#ifdef CONFIG_ZRAM_LZ4_COMPRESS
-#include "zcomp_lz4.h"
-#endif
-static struct zcomp_backend *backends[] = {
- &zcomp_lzo,
+static const char * const backends[] = {
+ "lzo",
#ifdef CONFIG_ZRAM_LZ4_COMPRESS
- &zcomp_lz4,
+ "lz4",
#endif
NULL
};
-static struct zcomp_backend *find_backend(const char *compress)
+static const char *find_backend(const char *compress)
{
int i = 0;
while (backends[i]) {
- if (sysfs_streq(compress, backends[i]->name))
+ if (sysfs_streq(compress, backends[i]))
break;
i++;
}
@@ -42,8 +39,8 @@ static struct zcomp_backend *find_backend(const char *compress)
static void zcomp_strm_free(struct zcomp *comp, struct zcomp_strm *zstrm)
{
- if (zstrm->private)
- comp->backend->destroy(zstrm->private);
+ if (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(zstrm->private))
+ crypto_free_comp(zstrm->private);
free_pages((unsigned long)zstrm->buffer, 1);
kfree(zstrm);
}
@@ -58,13 +55,13 @@ static struct zcomp_strm *zcomp_strm_alloc(struct zcomp *comp, gfp_t flags)
if (!zstrm)
return NULL;
- zstrm->private = comp->backend->create(flags);
+ zstrm->private = crypto_alloc_comp(comp->name, 0, 0);
/*
* allocate 2 pages. 1 for compressed data, plus 1 extra for the
* case when compressed size is larger than the original one
*/
zstrm->buffer = (void *)__get_free_pages(flags | __GFP_ZERO, 1);
- if (!zstrm->private || !zstrm->buffer) {
+ if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(zstrm->private) || !zstrm->buffer) {
zcomp_strm_free(comp, zstrm);
zstrm = NULL;
}
@@ -78,12 +75,12 @@ ssize_t zcomp_available_show(const char *comp, char *buf)
int i = 0;
while (backends[i]) {
- if (!strcmp(comp, backends[i]->name))
+ if (!strcmp(comp, backends[i]))
sz += scnprintf(buf + sz, PAGE_SIZE - sz - 2,
- "[%s] ", backends[i]->name);
+ "[%s] ", backends[i]);
else
sz += scnprintf(buf + sz, PAGE_SIZE - sz - 2,
- "%s ", backends[i]->name);
+ "%s ", backends[i]);
i++;
}
sz += scnprintf(buf + sz, PAGE_SIZE - sz, "\n");
@@ -106,16 +103,39 @@ void zcomp_stream_put(struct zcomp *comp)
}
int zcomp_compress(struct zcomp *comp, struct zcomp_strm *zstrm,
- const unsigned char *src, size_t *dst_len)
+ const unsigned char *src, unsigned int *dst_len)
{
- return comp->backend->compress(src, zstrm->buffer, dst_len,
- zstrm->private);
+ /*
+ * Our dst memory (zstrm->buffer) is always `2 * PAGE_SIZE' sized
+ * because sometimes we can endup having a bigger compressed data
+ * due to various reasons: for example compression algorithms tend
+ * to add some padding to the compressed buffer. Speaking of padding,
+ * comp algorithm `842' pads the compressed length to multiple of 8
+ * and returns -ENOSP when the dst memory is not big enough, which
+ * is not something that ZRAM wants to see. We can handle the
+ * `compressed_size > PAGE_SIZE' case easily in ZRAM, but when we
+ * receive -ERRNO from the compressing backend we can't help it
+ * anymore. To make `842' happy we need to tell the exact size of
+ * the dst buffer, zram_drv will take care of the fact that
+ * compressed buffer is too big.
+ */
+ *dst_len = PAGE_SIZE * 2;
+
+ return crypto_comp_compress(zstrm->private,
+ src, PAGE_SIZE,
+ zstrm->buffer, dst_len);
}
-int zcomp_decompress(struct zcomp *comp, const unsigned char *src,
+int zcomp_decompress(struct zcomp *comp,
+ struct zcomp_strm *zstrm,
+ const unsigned char *src,
size_t src_len, unsigned char *dst)
{
- return comp->backend->decompress(src, src_len, dst);
+ unsigned int dst_len = PAGE_SIZE;
+
+ return crypto_comp_decompress(zstrm->private,
+ src, src_len,
+ dst, &dst_len);
}
static int __zcomp_cpu_notifier(struct zcomp *comp,
@@ -209,7 +229,7 @@ void zcomp_destroy(struct zcomp *comp)
struct zcomp *zcomp_create(const char *compress)
{
struct zcomp *comp;
- struct zcomp_backend *backend;
+ const char *backend;
int error;
backend = find_backend(compress);
@@ -220,7 +240,7 @@ struct zcomp *zcomp_create(const char *compress)
if (!comp)
return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
- comp->backend = backend;
+ comp->name = backend;
error = zcomp_init(comp);
if (error) {
kfree(comp);
diff --git a/drivers/block/zram/zcomp.h b/drivers/block/zram/zcomp.h
index 944b8e6..ba36bde 100644
--- a/drivers/block/zram/zcomp.h
+++ b/drivers/block/zram/zcomp.h
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ struct zcomp {
struct zcomp_strm * __percpu *stream;
struct zcomp_backend *backend;
struct notifier_block notifier;
+
+ const char *name;
};
ssize_t zcomp_available_show(const char *comp, char *buf);
@@ -52,9 +54,10 @@ struct zcomp_strm *zcomp_stream_get(struct zcomp *comp);
void zcomp_stream_put(struct zcomp *comp);
int zcomp_compress(struct zcomp *comp, struct zcomp_strm *zstrm,
- const unsigned char *src, size_t *dst_len);
+ const unsigned char *src, unsigned int *dst_len);
-int zcomp_decompress(struct zcomp *comp, const unsigned char *src,
+int zcomp_decompress(struct zcomp *comp, struct zcomp_strm *zstrm,
+ const unsigned char *src,
size_t src_len, unsigned char *dst);
bool zcomp_set_max_streams(struct zcomp *comp, int num_strm);
diff --git a/drivers/block/zram/zram_drv.c b/drivers/block/zram/zram_drv.c
index 9361a5d..fa22a32 100644
--- a/drivers/block/zram/zram_drv.c
+++ b/drivers/block/zram/zram_drv.c
@@ -576,10 +576,14 @@ static int zram_decompress_page(struct zram *zram, char *mem, u32 index)
}
cmem = zs_map_object(meta->mem_pool, handle, ZS_MM_RO);
- if (size == PAGE_SIZE)
+ if (size == PAGE_SIZE) {
copy_page(mem, cmem);
- else
- ret = zcomp_decompress(zram->comp, cmem, size, mem);
+ } else {
+ struct zcomp_strm *zstrm = zcomp_stream_get(zram->comp);
+
+ ret = zcomp_decompress(zram->comp, zstrm, cmem, size, mem);
+ zcomp_stream_put(zram->comp);
+ }
zs_unmap_object(meta->mem_pool, handle);
bit_spin_unlock(ZRAM_ACCESS, &meta->table[index].value);
@@ -646,7 +650,7 @@ static int zram_bvec_write(struct zram *zram, struct bio_vec *bvec, u32 index,
int offset)
{
int ret = 0;
- size_t clen;
+ unsigned int clen;
unsigned long handle = 0;
struct page *page;
unsigned char *user_mem, *cmem, *src, *uncmem = NULL;
@@ -744,7 +748,7 @@ compress_again:
if (handle)
goto compress_again;
- pr_err("Error allocating memory for compressed page: %u, size=%zu\n",
+ pr_err("Error allocating memory for compressed page: %u, size=%u\n",
index, clen);
ret = -ENOMEM;
goto out;
--
2.8.3.394.g3916adf
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