linux-kernel - Re: [PATCH 2/3] i2c: bcm2835: Add support for combined write-read transfer

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Message-ID: <fb5e8e93-c6af-0050-1e7d-a69b722feadb@tronnes.org>
Date:   Tue, 20 Sep 2016 10:41:15 +0200
From:   Noralf Trønnes <noralf@...nnes.org>
To:     Martin Sperl <kernel@...tin.sperl.org>, wsa@...-dreams.de,
        swarren@...dotorg.org, eric@...olt.net
Cc:     linux-rpi-kernel@...ts.infradead.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
        linux-arm-kernel@...ts.infradead.org, linux-i2c@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH 2/3] i2c: bcm2835: Add support for combined write-read
 transfer


Den 20.09.2016 09:19, skrev Martin Sperl:
> Hi Noralf!
>
> On 19.09.2016 17:26, Noralf Trønnes wrote:
>> Some SMBus protocols use Repeated Start Condition to switch from write
>> mode to read mode. Devices like MMA8451 won't work without it.
>>
>> When downstream implemented support for this in i2c-bcm2708, it broke
>> support for some devices, so a module parameter was added and combined
>> transfer was disabled by default.
>> See https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/issues/599
>> It doesn't seem to have been any investigation into what the problem
>> really was. Later there was added a timeout on the polling loop.
>>
>> One of the devices mentioned to partially stop working was DS1307.
>>
>> I have run thousands of transfers to a DS1307 (rtc), MMA8451 (accel)
>> and AT24C32 (eeprom) in parallel without problems.
>>
>> Signed-off-by: Noralf Trønnes <noralf@...nnes.org>
>> ---
>>   drivers/i2c/busses/i2c-bcm2835.c | 107 
>> +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
>>   1 file changed, 98 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)
> ...
>> @@ -209,8 +289,17 @@ static int bcm2835_i2c_xfer(struct i2c_adapter 
>> *adap, struct i2c_msg msgs[],
>>       int i;
>>       int ret = 0;
>>   +    /* Combined write-read to the same address (smbus) */
>> +    if (num == 2 && (msgs[0].addr == msgs[1].addr) &&
>> +        !(msgs[0].flags & I2C_M_RD) && (msgs[1].flags & I2C_M_RD) &&
>> +        (msgs[0].len <= 16)) {
>> +        ret = bcm2835_i2c_xfer_msg(i2c_dev, &msgs[0], &msgs[1]);
>> +
>> +    return ret ? ret : 2;
>> +    }
>> +
>>       for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
>> -        ret = bcm2835_i2c_xfer_msg(i2c_dev, &msgs[i]);
>> +        ret = bcm2835_i2c_xfer_msg(i2c_dev, &msgs[i], NULL);
>>           if (ret)
>>               break;
>>       }
> This does not seem to implement the i2c_msg api correctly.
>
> As per comments in include/uapi/linux/i2c.h on line 58 only the last 
> message
> in a group should - by default - send a STOP.
>

Apparently it's a known problem that the i2c controller doesn't support
Repeated Start. It will always issue a Stop when it has transferred DLEN
bytes.
Refs:
http://www.circuitwizard.de/raspi-i2c-fix/raspi-i2c-fix.html
http://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/questions/31728/has-anyone-successfully-used-i2c-repeated-starts-on-the-pi2-my-scope-says-they

UNLESS: a Start Transfer (ST) is issued after Transfer Active (TA) is set
and before DONE is set (or the last byte is shifted, I don't know excatly).
Refs:
https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/issues/254#issuecomment-15254134
https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=807834&sid=2b612c7209f2175bf1a266359c72ae6c#p807834

I found this answer/report by joan that the downstream combined support
isn't reliable:
http://raspberrypi.stackexchange.com/questions/31728/has-anyone-successfully-used-i2c-repeated-starts-on-the-pi2-my-scope-says-they

My implementation differs from downstream in that I use local_irq_save()
to protect the polling loop. But that only protects from missing the TA
(downstream can miss the TA and issue a Stop).

So currently in mainline we have a driver that says it support the standard
(I2C_FUNC_I2C), but it really only supports one message transfers since it
can't do ReStart.

What I have done in this patch is to support ReStart for transfers with
2 messages: first write, then read. But maybe a better solution is to just
leave this alone if it is flaky and use bitbanging instead. I don't know.


Noralf.


> As far as I understand  you would need to implement the I2C_M_STOP flag
> (by exposing  I2C_FUNC_PROTOCOL_MANGLING in bcm2835_i2c_func)
> to make this work correctly:
>
>      for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
> +        bool send_stop = (i == num - 1) ||msgs[i] 
> <http://lxr.free-electrons.com/ident?i=msg>->flags 
> <http://lxr.free-electrons.com/ident?i=flags> &I2C_M_STOP 
> <http://lxr.free-electrons.com/ident?i=I2C_M_STOP>;
> -        ret = bcm2835_i2c_xfer_msg(i2c_dev, &msgs[i]);
> +        ret = bcm2835_i2c_xfer_msg(i2c_dev, &msgs[i], send_stop);
>          if (ret)
>              break;
>      }
>
> The corresponding device driver (or userspace) will need to set the 
> flag correctly.
>
> Martin