linux-kernel - [PATCH 4.4 1/2] x86/build: Build compressed x86 kernels as PIE

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Message-Id: <20161019182806.277776378@linuxfoundation.org>
Date:   Wed, 19 Oct 2016 20:30:52 +0200
From:   Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>
To:     linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Cc:     Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>,
        stable@...r.kernel.org, "H.J. Lu" <hjl.tools@...il.com>,
        Andy Lutomirski <luto@...capital.net>,
        Borislav Petkov <bp@...en8.de>,
        Brian Gerst <brgerst@...il.com>,
        Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@...hat.com>,
        "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@...or.com>,
        Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>,
        Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
        Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
        Ingo Molnar <mingo@...nel.org>, Paul Bolle <pebolle@...cali.nl>
Subject: [PATCH 4.4 1/2] x86/build: Build compressed x86 kernels as PIE

4.4-stable review patch.  If anyone has any objections, please let me know.

------------------

From: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@...il.com>

commit 6d92bc9d483aa1751755a66fee8fb39dffb088c0 upstream.

The 32-bit x86 assembler in binutils 2.26 will generate R_386_GOT32X
relocation to get the symbol address in PIC.  When the compressed x86
kernel isn't built as PIC, the linker optimizes R_386_GOT32X relocations
to their fixed symbol addresses.  However, when the compressed x86
kernel is loaded at a different address, it leads to the following
load failure:

  Failed to allocate space for phdrs

during the decompression stage.

If the compressed x86 kernel is relocatable at run-time, it should be
compiled with -fPIE, instead of -fPIC, if possible and should be built as
Position Independent Executable (PIE) so that linker won't optimize
R_386_GOT32X relocation to its fixed symbol address.

Older linkers generate R_386_32 relocations against locally defined
symbols, _bss, _ebss, _got and _egot, in PIE.  It isn't wrong, just less
optimal than R_386_RELATIVE.  But the x86 kernel fails to properly handle
R_386_32 relocations when relocating the kernel.  To generate
R_386_RELATIVE relocations, we mark _bss, _ebss, _got and _egot as
hidden in both 32-bit and 64-bit x86 kernels.

To build a 64-bit compressed x86 kernel as PIE, we need to disable the
relocation overflow check to avoid relocation overflow errors. We do
this with a new linker command-line option, -z noreloc-overflow, which
got added recently:

 commit 4c10bbaa0912742322f10d9d5bb630ba4e15dfa7
 Author: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@...il.com>
 Date:   Tue Mar 15 11:07:06 2016 -0700

    Add -z noreloc-overflow option to x86-64 ld

    Add -z noreloc-overflow command-line option to the x86-64 ELF linker to
    disable relocation overflow check.  This can be used to avoid relocation
    overflow check if there will be no dynamic relocation overflow at
    run-time.

The 64-bit compressed x86 kernel is built as PIE only if the linker supports
-z noreloc-overflow.  So far 64-bit relocatable compressed x86 kernel
boots fine even when it is built as a normal executable.

Signed-off-by: H.J. Lu <hjl.tools@...il.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@...capital.net>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@...en8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@...il.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@...hat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@...or.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
[ Edited the changelog and comments. ]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@...nel.org>
Cc: Paul Bolle <pebolle@...cali.nl>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@...uxfoundation.org>

---
 arch/x86/boot/compressed/Makefile  |   14 +++++++++++++-
 arch/x86/boot/compressed/head_32.S |   28 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 arch/x86/boot/compressed/head_64.S |    8 ++++++++
 3 files changed, 49 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

--- a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/Makefile
+++ b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/Makefile
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ targets := vmlinux vmlinux.bin vmlinux.b
 	vmlinux.bin.xz vmlinux.bin.lzo vmlinux.bin.lz4
 
 KBUILD_CFLAGS := -m$(BITS) -D__KERNEL__ $(LINUX_INCLUDE) -O2
-KBUILD_CFLAGS += -fno-strict-aliasing -fPIC
+KBUILD_CFLAGS += -fno-strict-aliasing $(call cc-option, -fPIE, -fPIC)
 KBUILD_CFLAGS += -DDISABLE_BRANCH_PROFILING
 cflags-$(CONFIG_X86_32) := -march=i386
 cflags-$(CONFIG_X86_64) := -mcmodel=small
@@ -35,6 +35,18 @@ KBUILD_AFLAGS  := $(KBUILD_CFLAGS) -D__A
 GCOV_PROFILE := n
 
 LDFLAGS := -m elf_$(UTS_MACHINE)
+ifeq ($(CONFIG_RELOCATABLE),y)
+# If kernel is relocatable, build compressed kernel as PIE.
+ifeq ($(CONFIG_X86_32),y)
+LDFLAGS += $(call ld-option, -pie) $(call ld-option, --no-dynamic-linker)
+else
+# To build 64-bit compressed kernel as PIE, we disable relocation
+# overflow check to avoid relocation overflow error with a new linker
+# command-line option, -z noreloc-overflow.
+LDFLAGS += $(shell $(LD) --help 2>&1 | grep -q "\-z noreloc-overflow" \
+	&& echo "-z noreloc-overflow -pie --no-dynamic-linker")
+endif
+endif
 LDFLAGS_vmlinux := -T
 
 hostprogs-y	:= mkpiggy
--- a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/head_32.S
+++ b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/head_32.S
@@ -31,6 +31,34 @@
 #include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
 #include <asm/bootparam.h>
 
+/*
+ * The 32-bit x86 assembler in binutils 2.26 will generate R_386_GOT32X
+ * relocation to get the symbol address in PIC.  When the compressed x86
+ * kernel isn't built as PIC, the linker optimizes R_386_GOT32X
+ * relocations to their fixed symbol addresses.  However, when the
+ * compressed x86 kernel is loaded at a different address, it leads
+ * to the following load failure:
+ *
+ *   Failed to allocate space for phdrs
+ *
+ * during the decompression stage.
+ *
+ * If the compressed x86 kernel is relocatable at run-time, it should be
+ * compiled with -fPIE, instead of -fPIC, if possible and should be built as
+ * Position Independent Executable (PIE) so that linker won't optimize
+ * R_386_GOT32X relocation to its fixed symbol address.  Older
+ * linkers generate R_386_32 relocations against locally defined symbols,
+ * _bss, _ebss, _got and _egot, in PIE.  It isn't wrong, just less
+ * optimal than R_386_RELATIVE.  But the x86 kernel fails to properly handle
+ * R_386_32 relocations when relocating the kernel.  To generate
+ * R_386_RELATIVE relocations, we mark _bss, _ebss, _got and _egot as
+ * hidden:
+ */
+	.hidden _bss
+	.hidden _ebss
+	.hidden _got
+	.hidden _egot
+
 	__HEAD
 ENTRY(startup_32)
 #ifdef CONFIG_EFI_STUB
--- a/arch/x86/boot/compressed/head_64.S
+++ b/arch/x86/boot/compressed/head_64.S
@@ -33,6 +33,14 @@
 #include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
 #include <asm/bootparam.h>
 
+/*
+ * Locally defined symbols should be marked hidden:
+ */
+	.hidden _bss
+	.hidden _ebss
+	.hidden _got
+	.hidden _egot
+
 	__HEAD
 	.code32
 ENTRY(startup_32)