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Date: Thu, 3 Nov 2016 19:17:20 +0800
From: Ming Lei <tom.leiming@...il.com>
To: Jens Axboe <axboe@...com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@...nel.dk>,
Linux Kernel Mailing List <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
linux-block <linux-block@...r.kernel.org>,
Christoph Hellwig <hch@....de>
Subject: Re: [PATCH 1/4] block: add scalable completion tracking of requests
On Wed, Nov 2, 2016 at 5:05 AM, Jens Axboe <axboe@...com> wrote:
> For legacy block, we simply track them in the request queue. For
> blk-mq, we track them on a per-sw queue basis, which we can then
> sum up through the hardware queues and finally to a per device
> state.
>
> The stats are tracked in, roughly, 0.1s interval windows.
>
> Add sysfs files to display the stats.
>
> Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@...com>
> ---
> block/Makefile | 2 +-
> block/blk-core.c | 4 +
> block/blk-mq-sysfs.c | 47 ++++++++++
> block/blk-mq.c | 14 +++
> block/blk-mq.h | 3 +
> block/blk-stat.c | 226 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> block/blk-stat.h | 37 ++++++++
> block/blk-sysfs.c | 26 ++++++
> include/linux/blk_types.h | 16 ++++
> include/linux/blkdev.h | 4 +
> 10 files changed, 378 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
> create mode 100644 block/blk-stat.c
> create mode 100644 block/blk-stat.h
>
> diff --git a/block/Makefile b/block/Makefile
> index 934dac73fb37..2528c596f7ec 100644
> --- a/block/Makefile
> +++ b/block/Makefile
> @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
> obj-$(CONFIG_BLOCK) := bio.o elevator.o blk-core.o blk-tag.o blk-sysfs.o \
> blk-flush.o blk-settings.o blk-ioc.o blk-map.o \
> blk-exec.o blk-merge.o blk-softirq.o blk-timeout.o \
> - blk-lib.o blk-mq.o blk-mq-tag.o \
> + blk-lib.o blk-mq.o blk-mq-tag.o blk-stat.o \
> blk-mq-sysfs.o blk-mq-cpumap.o ioctl.o \
> genhd.o scsi_ioctl.o partition-generic.o ioprio.o \
> badblocks.o partitions/
> diff --git a/block/blk-core.c b/block/blk-core.c
> index 0bfaa54d3e9f..ca77c725b4e5 100644
> --- a/block/blk-core.c
> +++ b/block/blk-core.c
> @@ -2462,6 +2462,8 @@ void blk_start_request(struct request *req)
> {
> blk_dequeue_request(req);
>
> + blk_stat_set_issue_time(&req->issue_stat);
> +
> /*
> * We are now handing the request to the hardware, initialize
> * resid_len to full count and add the timeout handler.
> @@ -2529,6 +2531,8 @@ bool blk_update_request(struct request *req, int error, unsigned int nr_bytes)
>
> trace_block_rq_complete(req->q, req, nr_bytes);
>
> + blk_stat_add(&req->q->rq_stats[rq_data_dir(req)], req);
blk_update_request() is often called lockless, so it isn't good to
do it here.
> +
> if (!req->bio)
> return false;
>
> diff --git a/block/blk-mq-sysfs.c b/block/blk-mq-sysfs.c
> index 01fb455d3377..633c79a538ea 100644
> --- a/block/blk-mq-sysfs.c
> +++ b/block/blk-mq-sysfs.c
> @@ -259,6 +259,47 @@ static ssize_t blk_mq_hw_sysfs_cpus_show(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx, char *page)
> return ret;
> }
>
> +static void blk_mq_stat_clear(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx)
> +{
> + struct blk_mq_ctx *ctx;
> + unsigned int i;
> +
> + hctx_for_each_ctx(hctx, ctx, i) {
> + blk_stat_init(&ctx->stat[0]);
> + blk_stat_init(&ctx->stat[1]);
> + }
> +}
> +
> +static ssize_t blk_mq_hw_sysfs_stat_store(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx,
> + const char *page, size_t count)
> +{
> + blk_mq_stat_clear(hctx);
> + return count;
> +}
> +
> +static ssize_t print_stat(char *page, struct blk_rq_stat *stat, const char *pre)
> +{
> + return sprintf(page, "%s samples=%llu, mean=%lld, min=%lld, max=%lld\n",
> + pre, (long long) stat->nr_samples,
> + (long long) stat->mean, (long long) stat->min,
> + (long long) stat->max);
> +}
> +
> +static ssize_t blk_mq_hw_sysfs_stat_show(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx, char *page)
> +{
> + struct blk_rq_stat stat[2];
> + ssize_t ret;
> +
> + blk_stat_init(&stat[0]);
> + blk_stat_init(&stat[1]);
> +
> + blk_hctx_stat_get(hctx, stat);
> +
> + ret = print_stat(page, &stat[0], "read :");
> + ret += print_stat(page + ret, &stat[1], "write:");
> + return ret;
> +}
> +
> static struct blk_mq_ctx_sysfs_entry blk_mq_sysfs_dispatched = {
> .attr = {.name = "dispatched", .mode = S_IRUGO },
> .show = blk_mq_sysfs_dispatched_show,
> @@ -317,6 +358,11 @@ static struct blk_mq_hw_ctx_sysfs_entry blk_mq_hw_sysfs_poll = {
> .show = blk_mq_hw_sysfs_poll_show,
> .store = blk_mq_hw_sysfs_poll_store,
> };
> +static struct blk_mq_hw_ctx_sysfs_entry blk_mq_hw_sysfs_stat = {
> + .attr = {.name = "stats", .mode = S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR },
> + .show = blk_mq_hw_sysfs_stat_show,
> + .store = blk_mq_hw_sysfs_stat_store,
> +};
>
> static struct attribute *default_hw_ctx_attrs[] = {
> &blk_mq_hw_sysfs_queued.attr,
> @@ -327,6 +373,7 @@ static struct attribute *default_hw_ctx_attrs[] = {
> &blk_mq_hw_sysfs_cpus.attr,
> &blk_mq_hw_sysfs_active.attr,
> &blk_mq_hw_sysfs_poll.attr,
> + &blk_mq_hw_sysfs_stat.attr,
> NULL,
> };
>
> diff --git a/block/blk-mq.c b/block/blk-mq.c
> index 2da1a0ee3318..4555a76d22a7 100644
> --- a/block/blk-mq.c
> +++ b/block/blk-mq.c
> @@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
> #include "blk.h"
> #include "blk-mq.h"
> #include "blk-mq-tag.h"
> +#include "blk-stat.h"
>
> static DEFINE_MUTEX(all_q_mutex);
> static LIST_HEAD(all_q_list);
> @@ -376,10 +377,19 @@ static void blk_mq_ipi_complete_request(struct request *rq)
> put_cpu();
> }
>
> +static void blk_mq_stat_add(struct request *rq)
> +{
> + struct blk_rq_stat *stat = &rq->mq_ctx->stat[rq_data_dir(rq)];
> +
> + blk_stat_add(stat, rq);
> +}
> +
> static void __blk_mq_complete_request(struct request *rq)
> {
> struct request_queue *q = rq->q;
>
> + blk_mq_stat_add(rq);
It is still possible for rqs belonging to same sw queue to complete on different
CPUs, so same issue with legacy queue.
> +
> if (!q->softirq_done_fn)
> blk_mq_end_request(rq, rq->errors);
> else
> @@ -423,6 +433,8 @@ void blk_mq_start_request(struct request *rq)
> if (unlikely(blk_bidi_rq(rq)))
> rq->next_rq->resid_len = blk_rq_bytes(rq->next_rq);
>
> + blk_stat_set_issue_time(&rq->issue_stat);
> +
> blk_add_timer(rq);
>
> /*
> @@ -1708,6 +1720,8 @@ static void blk_mq_init_cpu_queues(struct request_queue *q,
> spin_lock_init(&__ctx->lock);
> INIT_LIST_HEAD(&__ctx->rq_list);
> __ctx->queue = q;
> + blk_stat_init(&__ctx->stat[0]);
> + blk_stat_init(&__ctx->stat[1]);
>
> /* If the cpu isn't online, the cpu is mapped to first hctx */
> if (!cpu_online(i))
> diff --git a/block/blk-mq.h b/block/blk-mq.h
> index e5d25249028c..8cf16cb69f64 100644
> --- a/block/blk-mq.h
> +++ b/block/blk-mq.h
> @@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
> #ifndef INT_BLK_MQ_H
> #define INT_BLK_MQ_H
>
> +#include "blk-stat.h"
> +
> struct blk_mq_tag_set;
>
> struct blk_mq_ctx {
> @@ -18,6 +20,7 @@ struct blk_mq_ctx {
>
> /* incremented at completion time */
> unsigned long ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp rq_completed[2];
> + struct blk_rq_stat stat[2];
>
> struct request_queue *queue;
> struct kobject kobj;
> diff --git a/block/blk-stat.c b/block/blk-stat.c
> new file mode 100644
> index 000000000000..642afdc6d0f8
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/block/blk-stat.c
> @@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
> +/*
> + * Block stat tracking code
> + *
> + * Copyright (C) 2016 Jens Axboe
> + */
> +#include <linux/kernel.h>
> +#include <linux/blk-mq.h>
> +
> +#include "blk-stat.h"
> +#include "blk-mq.h"
> +
> +static void blk_stat_flush_batch(struct blk_rq_stat *stat)
> +{
> + if (!stat->nr_batch)
> + return;
> + if (!stat->nr_samples)
> + stat->mean = div64_s64(stat->batch, stat->nr_batch);
> + else {
> + stat->mean = div64_s64((stat->mean * stat->nr_samples) +
> + stat->batch,
> + stat->nr_samples + stat->nr_batch);
> + }
> +
> + stat->nr_samples += stat->nr_batch;
> + stat->nr_batch = stat->batch = 0;
> +}
> +
> +void blk_stat_sum(struct blk_rq_stat *dst, struct blk_rq_stat *src)
> +{
> + if (!src->nr_samples)
> + return;
> +
> + blk_stat_flush_batch(src);
> +
> + dst->min = min(dst->min, src->min);
> + dst->max = max(dst->max, src->max);
> +
> + if (!dst->nr_samples)
> + dst->mean = src->mean;
> + else {
> + dst->mean = div64_s64((src->mean * src->nr_samples) +
> + (dst->mean * dst->nr_samples),
> + dst->nr_samples + src->nr_samples);
> + }
> + dst->nr_samples += src->nr_samples;
> +}
> +
> +static void blk_mq_stat_get(struct request_queue *q, struct blk_rq_stat *dst)
> +{
> + struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx;
> + struct blk_mq_ctx *ctx;
> + uint64_t latest = 0;
> + int i, j, nr;
> +
> + blk_stat_init(&dst[0]);
> + blk_stat_init(&dst[1]);
> +
> + nr = 0;
> + do {
> + uint64_t newest = 0;
> +
> + queue_for_each_hw_ctx(q, hctx, i) {
> + hctx_for_each_ctx(hctx, ctx, j) {
> + if (!ctx->stat[0].nr_samples &&
> + !ctx->stat[1].nr_samples)
> + continue;
> + if (ctx->stat[0].time > newest)
> + newest = ctx->stat[0].time;
> + if (ctx->stat[1].time > newest)
> + newest = ctx->stat[1].time;
> + }
> + }
> +
> + /*
> + * No samples
> + */
> + if (!newest)
> + break;
> +
> + if (newest > latest)
> + latest = newest;
> +
> + queue_for_each_hw_ctx(q, hctx, i) {
> + hctx_for_each_ctx(hctx, ctx, j) {
> + if (ctx->stat[0].time == newest) {
> + blk_stat_sum(&dst[0], &ctx->stat[0]);
> + nr++;
> + }
> + if (ctx->stat[1].time == newest) {
> + blk_stat_sum(&dst[1], &ctx->stat[1]);
> + nr++;
> + }
> + }
> + }
> + /*
> + * If we race on finding an entry, just loop back again.
> + * Should be very rare.
> + */
> + } while (!nr);
> +
> + dst[0].time = dst[1].time = latest;
> +}
> +
> +void blk_queue_stat_get(struct request_queue *q, struct blk_rq_stat *dst)
> +{
> + if (q->mq_ops)
> + blk_mq_stat_get(q, dst);
> + else {
> + memcpy(&dst[0], &q->rq_stats[0], sizeof(struct blk_rq_stat));
> + memcpy(&dst[1], &q->rq_stats[1], sizeof(struct blk_rq_stat));
> + }
> +}
> +
> +void blk_hctx_stat_get(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx, struct blk_rq_stat *dst)
> +{
> + struct blk_mq_ctx *ctx;
> + unsigned int i, nr;
> +
> + nr = 0;
> + do {
> + uint64_t newest = 0;
> +
> + hctx_for_each_ctx(hctx, ctx, i) {
> + if (!ctx->stat[0].nr_samples &&
> + !ctx->stat[1].nr_samples)
> + continue;
> +
> + if (ctx->stat[0].time > newest)
> + newest = ctx->stat[0].time;
> + if (ctx->stat[1].time > newest)
> + newest = ctx->stat[1].time;
> + }
> +
> + if (!newest)
> + break;
> +
> + hctx_for_each_ctx(hctx, ctx, i) {
> + if (ctx->stat[0].time == newest) {
> + blk_stat_sum(&dst[0], &ctx->stat[0]);
> + nr++;
> + }
> + if (ctx->stat[1].time == newest) {
> + blk_stat_sum(&dst[1], &ctx->stat[1]);
> + nr++;
> + }
> + }
> + /*
> + * If we race on finding an entry, just loop back again.
> + * Should be very rare, as the window is only updated
> + * occasionally
> + */
> + } while (!nr);
> +}
> +
> +static void __blk_stat_init(struct blk_rq_stat *stat, s64 time_now)
> +{
> + stat->min = -1ULL;
> + stat->max = stat->nr_samples = stat->mean = 0;
> + stat->batch = stat->nr_batch = 0;
> + stat->time = time_now & BLK_STAT_NSEC_MASK;
> +}
> +
> +void blk_stat_init(struct blk_rq_stat *stat)
> +{
> + __blk_stat_init(stat, ktime_to_ns(ktime_get()));
> +}
> +
> +static bool __blk_stat_is_current(struct blk_rq_stat *stat, s64 now)
> +{
> + return (now & BLK_STAT_NSEC_MASK) == (stat->time & BLK_STAT_NSEC_MASK);
> +}
> +
> +bool blk_stat_is_current(struct blk_rq_stat *stat)
> +{
> + return __blk_stat_is_current(stat, ktime_to_ns(ktime_get()));
> +}
> +
> +void blk_stat_add(struct blk_rq_stat *stat, struct request *rq)
> +{
> + s64 now, value;
> +
> + now = __blk_stat_time(ktime_to_ns(ktime_get()));
> + if (now < blk_stat_time(&rq->issue_stat))
> + return;
> +
> + if (!__blk_stat_is_current(stat, now))
> + __blk_stat_init(stat, now);
> +
> + value = now - blk_stat_time(&rq->issue_stat);
> + if (value > stat->max)
> + stat->max = value;
> + if (value < stat->min)
> + stat->min = value;
> +
> + if (stat->batch + value < stat->batch ||
> + stat->nr_batch + 1 == BLK_RQ_STAT_BATCH)
> + blk_stat_flush_batch(stat);
> +
> + stat->batch += value;
> + stat->nr_batch++;
> +}
> +
> +void blk_stat_clear(struct request_queue *q)
> +{
> + if (q->mq_ops) {
> + struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *hctx;
> + struct blk_mq_ctx *ctx;
> + int i, j;
> +
> + queue_for_each_hw_ctx(q, hctx, i) {
> + hctx_for_each_ctx(hctx, ctx, j) {
> + blk_stat_init(&ctx->stat[0]);
> + blk_stat_init(&ctx->stat[1]);
> + }
> + }
> + } else {
> + blk_stat_init(&q->rq_stats[0]);
> + blk_stat_init(&q->rq_stats[1]);
> + }
> +}
> +
> +void blk_stat_set_issue_time(struct blk_issue_stat *stat)
> +{
> + stat->time = (stat->time & BLK_STAT_MASK) |
> + (ktime_to_ns(ktime_get()) & BLK_STAT_TIME_MASK);
> +}
> diff --git a/block/blk-stat.h b/block/blk-stat.h
> new file mode 100644
> index 000000000000..26b1f45dff26
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/block/blk-stat.h
> @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
> +#ifndef BLK_STAT_H
> +#define BLK_STAT_H
> +
> +/*
> + * ~0.13s window as a power-of-2 (2^27 nsecs)
> + */
> +#define BLK_STAT_NSEC 134217728ULL
> +#define BLK_STAT_NSEC_MASK ~(BLK_STAT_NSEC - 1)
> +
> +/*
> + * Upper 3 bits can be used elsewhere
> + */
> +#define BLK_STAT_RES_BITS 3
> +#define BLK_STAT_SHIFT (64 - BLK_STAT_RES_BITS)
> +#define BLK_STAT_TIME_MASK ((1ULL << BLK_STAT_SHIFT) - 1)
> +#define BLK_STAT_MASK ~BLK_STAT_TIME_MASK
> +
> +void blk_stat_add(struct blk_rq_stat *, struct request *);
> +void blk_hctx_stat_get(struct blk_mq_hw_ctx *, struct blk_rq_stat *);
> +void blk_queue_stat_get(struct request_queue *, struct blk_rq_stat *);
> +void blk_stat_clear(struct request_queue *q);
> +void blk_stat_init(struct blk_rq_stat *);
> +void blk_stat_sum(struct blk_rq_stat *, struct blk_rq_stat *);
> +bool blk_stat_is_current(struct blk_rq_stat *);
> +void blk_stat_set_issue_time(struct blk_issue_stat *);
> +
> +static inline u64 __blk_stat_time(u64 time)
> +{
> + return time & BLK_STAT_TIME_MASK;
> +}
> +
> +static inline u64 blk_stat_time(struct blk_issue_stat *stat)
> +{
> + return __blk_stat_time(stat->time);
> +}
> +
> +#endif
> diff --git a/block/blk-sysfs.c b/block/blk-sysfs.c
> index 488c2e28feb8..5bb4648f434a 100644
> --- a/block/blk-sysfs.c
> +++ b/block/blk-sysfs.c
> @@ -401,6 +401,26 @@ static ssize_t queue_dax_show(struct request_queue *q, char *page)
> return queue_var_show(blk_queue_dax(q), page);
> }
>
> +static ssize_t print_stat(char *page, struct blk_rq_stat *stat, const char *pre)
> +{
> + return sprintf(page, "%s samples=%llu, mean=%lld, min=%lld, max=%lld\n",
> + pre, (long long) stat->nr_samples,
> + (long long) stat->mean, (long long) stat->min,
> + (long long) stat->max);
> +}
> +
> +static ssize_t queue_stats_show(struct request_queue *q, char *page)
> +{
> + struct blk_rq_stat stat[2];
> + ssize_t ret;
> +
> + blk_queue_stat_get(q, stat);
> +
> + ret = print_stat(page, &stat[0], "read :");
> + ret += print_stat(page + ret, &stat[1], "write:");
> + return ret;
> +}
> +
> static struct queue_sysfs_entry queue_requests_entry = {
> .attr = {.name = "nr_requests", .mode = S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR },
> .show = queue_requests_show,
> @@ -553,6 +573,11 @@ static struct queue_sysfs_entry queue_dax_entry = {
> .show = queue_dax_show,
> };
>
> +static struct queue_sysfs_entry queue_stats_entry = {
> + .attr = {.name = "stats", .mode = S_IRUGO },
> + .show = queue_stats_show,
> +};
> +
> static struct attribute *default_attrs[] = {
> &queue_requests_entry.attr,
> &queue_ra_entry.attr,
> @@ -582,6 +607,7 @@ static struct attribute *default_attrs[] = {
> &queue_poll_entry.attr,
> &queue_wc_entry.attr,
> &queue_dax_entry.attr,
> + &queue_stats_entry.attr,
> NULL,
> };
>
> diff --git a/include/linux/blk_types.h b/include/linux/blk_types.h
> index bb921028e7c5..a59a214c39ae 100644
> --- a/include/linux/blk_types.h
> +++ b/include/linux/blk_types.h
> @@ -248,4 +248,20 @@ static inline unsigned int blk_qc_t_to_tag(blk_qc_t cookie)
> return cookie & ((1u << BLK_QC_T_SHIFT) - 1);
> }
>
> +struct blk_issue_stat {
> + u64 time;
> +};
> +
> +#define BLK_RQ_STAT_BATCH 64
> +
> +struct blk_rq_stat {
> + s64 mean;
> + u64 min;
> + u64 max;
> + s32 nr_samples;
> + s32 nr_batch;
> + u64 batch;
> + s64 time;
> +};
> +
> #endif /* __LINUX_BLK_TYPES_H */
> diff --git a/include/linux/blkdev.h b/include/linux/blkdev.h
> index 8396da2bb698..dcd8d6e8801f 100644
> --- a/include/linux/blkdev.h
> +++ b/include/linux/blkdev.h
> @@ -197,6 +197,7 @@ struct request {
> struct gendisk *rq_disk;
> struct hd_struct *part;
> unsigned long start_time;
> + struct blk_issue_stat issue_stat;
> #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_CGROUP
> struct request_list *rl; /* rl this rq is alloced from */
> unsigned long long start_time_ns;
> @@ -490,6 +491,9 @@ struct request_queue {
>
> unsigned int nr_sorted;
> unsigned int in_flight[2];
> +
> + struct blk_rq_stat rq_stats[2];
> +
> /*
> * Number of active block driver functions for which blk_drain_queue()
> * must wait. Must be incremented around functions that unlock the
> --
> 2.7.4
>
> --
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--
Ming Lei
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