linux-kernel - Re: [RFC PATCH v1 00/30] fs: inode->i

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Date:   Tue, 4 Apr 2017 22:34:14 +1000
From:   Dave Chinner <david@...morbit.com>
To:     Jan Kara <jack@...e.cz>
Cc:     "J. Bruce Fields" <bfields@...ldses.org>,
        Jeff Layton <jlayton@...hat.com>,
        Christoph Hellwig <hch@...radead.org>,
        linux-fsdevel@...r.kernel.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
        linux-nfs@...r.kernel.org, linux-ext4@...r.kernel.org,
        linux-btrfs@...r.kernel.org, linux-xfs@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [RFC PATCH v1 00/30] fs: inode->i_version rework and optimization

On Mon, Apr 03, 2017 at 04:00:55PM +0200, Jan Kara wrote:
> On Sun 02-04-17 09:05:26, Dave Chinner wrote:
> > On Thu, Mar 30, 2017 at 12:12:31PM -0400, J. Bruce Fields wrote:
> > > On Thu, Mar 30, 2017 at 07:11:48AM -0400, Jeff Layton wrote:
> > > > On Thu, 2017-03-30 at 08:47 +0200, Jan Kara wrote:
> > > > > Because if above is acceptable we could make reported i_version to be a sum
> > > > > of "superblock crash counter" and "inode i_version". We increment
> > > > > "superblock crash counter" whenever we detect unclean filesystem shutdown.
> > > > > That way after a crash we are guaranteed each inode will report new
> > > > > i_version (the sum would probably have to look like "superblock crash
> > > > > counter" * 65536 + "inode i_version" so that we avoid reusing possible
> > > > > i_version numbers we gave away but did not write to disk but still...).
> > > > > Thoughts?
> > > 
> > > How hard is this for filesystems to support?  Do they need an on-disk
> > > format change to keep track of the crash counter?
> > 
> > Yes. We'll need version counter in the superblock, and we'll need to
> > know what the increment semantics are. 
> > 
> > The big question is how do we know there was a crash? The only thing
> > a journalling filesystem knows at mount time is whether it is clean
> > or requires recovery. Filesystems can require recovery for many
> > reasons that don't involve a crash (e.g. root fs is never unmounted
> > cleanly, so always requires recovery). Further, some filesystems may
> > not even know there was a crash at mount time because their
> > architecture always leaves a consistent filesystem on disk (e.g. COW
> > filesystems)....
> 
> What filesystems can or cannot easily do obviously differs. Ext4 has a
> recovery flag set in superblock on RW mount/remount and cleared on
> umount/RO remount.

Even this doesn't help. A recent bug that was reported to the XFS
list - turns out that systemd can't remount-ro the root
filesystem sucessfully on shutdown because there are open write fds
on the root filesystem when it attempts the remount. So it just
reboots without a remount-ro. This uncovered a bug in grub in
that it (still!) thinks sync(1) is sufficient to get all the
metadata that points to a kernel image onto disk in places it can
read. XFS, like ext4, leaves it in the journal and so the system then fails to
boot because systemd didn't remount-ro the root fs and hence the
journal was never flushed before reboot and so grub can't find the
kernel and so everything fails....

> This flag being set on mount would imply incrementing the crash
> counter. It should be pretty easy for each filesystem to implement
> such flag and the counter but I agree it requires an on-disk
> format change.

Yup, anything we want that is persistent and consistent across
filesystems will need on-disk format changes. Hence we need a solid
specification first, not to mention tests to validate correct
behaviour across all filesystems in xfstests...

Cheers,

Dave.
-- 
Dave Chinner
david@...morbit.com