linux-kernel - Re: kvm/arm64: use-after-free in kvm_unmap_hva_handler/unmap_stage2

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Date:   Thu, 13 Apr 2017 10:17:54 +0100
From:   Suzuki K Poulose <Suzuki.Poulose@....com>
To:     Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@....com>,
        Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@...gle.com>,
        Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@...hat.com>
Cc:     Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@...hat.com>,
        Christoffer Dall <christoffer.dall@...aro.org>,
        "commit_signer:26/27=96%)"@google.com,
        Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@....com>,
        Will Deacon <will.deacon@....com>, kvm@...r.kernel.org,
        linux-arm-kernel@...ts.infradead.org, kvmarm@...ts.cs.columbia.edu,
        LKML <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
        Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@...gle.com>,
        Kostya Serebryany <kcc@...gle.com>,
        syzkaller <syzkaller@...glegroups.com>
Subject: Re: kvm/arm64: use-after-free in
 kvm_unmap_hva_handler/unmap_stage2_pmds

On 12/04/17 19:43, Marc Zyngier wrote:
> On 12/04/17 17:19, Andrey Konovalov wrote:
>
> Hi Andrey,
>
>> Apparently this wasn't fixed, I've got this report again on
>> linux-next-c4e7b35a3 (Apr 11), which includes 8b3405e34 "kvm:
>> arm/arm64: Fix locking for kvm_free_stage2_pgd".
>
> This looks like a different bug.
>
>>
>> I now have a way to reproduce it, so I can test proposed patches. I
>> don't have a simple C reproducer though.
>>
>> The bug happens when the following syzkaller program is executed:
>>
>> mmap(&(0x7f0000000000/0xc000)=nil, (0xc000), 0x3, 0x32, 0xffffffffffffffff, 0x0)
>> unshare(0x400)
>> perf_event_open(&(0x7f000002f000-0x78)={0x1, 0x78, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0,
>> 0x0, 0x6, 0x0, 0x0, 0xd34, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0,
>> 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0}, 0x0, 0xffffffff,
>> 0xffffffffffffffff, 0x0)
>> r0 = openat$kvm(0xffffffffffffff9c,
>> &(0x7f000000c000-0x9)="2f6465762f6b766d00", 0x0, 0x0)
>> ioctl$TIOCSBRK(0xffffffffffffffff, 0x5427)
>> r1 = ioctl$KVM_CREATE_VM(r0, 0xae01, 0x0)
>> syz_kvm_setup_cpu$arm64(r1, 0xffffffffffffffff,
>> &(0x7f0000dc6000/0x18000)=nil, &(0x7f000000c000)=[{0x0,
>> &(0x7f000000c000)="5ba3c16f533efbed09f8221253c73763327fadce2371813b45dd7f7982f84a873e4ae89a6c2bd1af83a6024c36a1ff518318",
>> 0x32}], 0x1, 0x0, &(0x7f000000d000-0x10)=[@featur2={0x1, 0x3}], 0x1)
>
> Is that the only thing the program does? Or is there anything running in
> parallel?
>
>> ==================================================================
>> BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in arch_spin_is_locked
>> include/linux/compiler.h:254 [inline]
>> BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in unmap_stage2_range+0x990/0x9a8
>> arch/arm64/kvm/../../../arch/arm/kvm/mmu.c:295
>> Read of size 8 at addr ffff800004476730 by task syz-executor/13106
>>
>> CPU: 1 PID: 13106 Comm: syz-executor Not tainted
>> 4.11.0-rc6-next-20170411-xc2-11025-gc4e7b35a33d4-dirty #5
>> Hardware name: Hardkernel ODROID-C2 (DT)
>> Call trace:
>> [<ffff20000808fd08>] dump_backtrace+0x0/0x440 arch/arm64/kernel/traps.c:505
>> [<ffff2000080903c0>] show_stack+0x20/0x30 arch/arm64/kernel/traps.c:228
>> [<ffff2000088df030>] __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:16 [inline]
>> [<ffff2000088df030>] dump_stack+0x110/0x168 lib/dump_stack.c:52
>> [<ffff200008406db8>] print_address_description+0x60/0x248 mm/kasan/report.c:252
>> [<ffff2000084072c8>] kasan_report_error mm/kasan/report.c:351 [inline]
>> [<ffff2000084072c8>] kasan_report+0x218/0x300 mm/kasan/report.c:408
>> [<ffff200008407428>] __asan_report_load8_noabort+0x18/0x20 mm/kasan/report.c:429
>> [<ffff2000080db1b8>] arch_spin_is_locked include/linux/compiler.h:254 [inline]
>
> This is the assert on the spinlock, and the memory is gone.
>
>> [<ffff2000080db1b8>] unmap_stage2_range+0x990/0x9a8
>> arch/arm64/kvm/../../../arch/arm/kvm/mmu.c:295
>> [<ffff2000080db248>] kvm_free_stage2_pgd.part.16+0x30/0x98
>> arch/arm64/kvm/../../../arch/arm/kvm/mmu.c:842
>> [<ffff2000080ddfb8>] kvm_free_stage2_pgd
>> arch/arm64/kvm/../../../arch/arm/kvm/mmu.c:838 [inline]
>
> But we've taken than lock here. There's only a handful of instructions
> in between, and the memory can only go away if there is something
> messing with us in parallel.
>
>> [<ffff2000080ddfb8>] kvm_arch_flush_shadow_all+0x40/0x58
>> arch/arm64/kvm/../../../arch/arm/kvm/mmu.c:1895
>> [<ffff2000080c379c>] kvm_mmu_notifier_release+0x154/0x1d0
>> arch/arm64/kvm/../../../virt/kvm/kvm_main.c:472
>> [<ffff2000083f2b60>] __mmu_notifier_release+0x1c0/0x3e0 mm/mmu_notifier.c:75
>> [<ffff2000083a1fb4>] mmu_notifier_release
>> include/linux/mmu_notifier.h:235 [inline]
>> [<ffff2000083a1fb4>] exit_mmap+0x21c/0x288 mm/mmap.c:2941
>> [<ffff20000810ecd4>] __mmput kernel/fork.c:888 [inline]
>> [<ffff20000810ecd4>] mmput+0xdc/0x2e0 kernel/fork.c:910
>> [<ffff20000811fda8>] exit_mm kernel/exit.c:557 [inline]
>> [<ffff20000811fda8>] do_exit+0x648/0x2020 kernel/exit.c:865
>> [<ffff2000081218b4>] do_group_exit+0xdc/0x260 kernel/exit.c:982
>> [<ffff20000813adf0>] get_signal+0x358/0xf58 kernel/signal.c:2318
>> [<ffff20000808de98>] do_signal+0x170/0xc10 arch/arm64/kernel/signal.c:370
>> [<ffff20000808edb4>] do_notify_resume+0xe4/0x120 arch/arm64/kernel/signal.c:421
>> [<ffff200008083e68>] work_pending+0x8/0x14
>
> So we're being serviced with a signal. Do you know if this signal is
> generated by your syzkaller program? We could be racing between do_exit
> triggered by a fatal signal (this trace) and the closing of the two file
> descriptors (vcpu and vm).
>
> Paolo: does this look possible to you? I can't see what locking we have
> that could prevent this race.

On a quick look, I see two issues:

1) It looks like the mmu_notifier->ops.release could be called twice for a notifier,
from mmu_notifier_unregister() and exit_mmap()->mmu_notifier_release(), which is
causing the problem as above.

This could possibly be avoided by swapping the order of the following operations
in themmu_notifier_unregister():

  a) Invoke ops->release under src_read_lock()
  b) Delete the notifier from the list.

which can prevent mmu_notifier_release() calling the ops->release() again, before
we reach (b).


2) The core KVM code does an mmgrab()/mmdrop on the current->mm to pin the mm_struct. But
this doesn't prevent the "real_address user space" from being destroyed. Since KVM
actually depends on the user pages and page tables, it should really/also(?) use
mmget()/mmput() (See Documentation/vm/active_mm.txt). I understand that mmget() shouldn't
be used for pinning unbounded amount of time. But since we do it from within the same
process context (like say threads), we should be safe to do so.

Thanks
Suzuki

>
> Thanks,
> 	
> M.
>