linux-kernel - Re: [RFC PATCH 1/2] arm64: mm: Use READ_ONCE/WRITE

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Message-ID: <20170929163348.GD2376@arm.com>
Date:   Fri, 29 Sep 2017 17:33:49 +0100
From:   Will Deacon <will.deacon@....com>
To:     "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@...ux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc:     Michael Cree <mcree@...on.net.nz>,
        Peter Zijlstra <peterz@...radead.org>,
        kirill.shutemov@...ux.intel.com, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
        ynorov@...iumnetworks.com, rruigrok@...eaurora.org,
        linux-arch@...r.kernel.org, akpm@...ux-foundation.org,
        catalin.marinas@....com, rth@...ddle.net, ink@...assic.park.msu.ru,
        mattst88@...il.com, linux-alpha@...r.kernel.org
Subject: Re: [RFC PATCH 1/2] arm64: mm: Use READ_ONCE/WRITE_ONCE when
 accessing page tables

On Fri, Sep 29, 2017 at 09:29:39AM -0700, Paul E. McKenney wrote:
> On Fri, Sep 29, 2017 at 10:08:43AM +0100, Will Deacon wrote:
> > On Thu, Sep 28, 2017 at 05:58:30PM -0700, Paul E. McKenney wrote:
> > > On Fri, Sep 29, 2017 at 07:59:09AM +1300, Michael Cree wrote:
> > > > On Thu, Sep 28, 2017 at 08:43:54AM -0700, Paul E. McKenney wrote:
> > > > > On Thu, Sep 28, 2017 at 09:45:35AM +0100, Will Deacon wrote:
> > > > > > On Thu, Sep 28, 2017 at 10:38:01AM +0200, Peter Zijlstra wrote:
> > > > > > > On Wed, Sep 27, 2017 at 04:49:28PM +0100, Will Deacon wrote:
> > > > > > > > In many cases, page tables can be accessed concurrently by either another
> > > > > > > > CPU (due to things like fast gup) or by the hardware page table walker
> > > > > > > > itself, which may set access/dirty bits. In such cases, it is important
> > > > > > > > to use READ_ONCE/WRITE_ONCE when accessing page table entries so that
> > > > > > > > entries cannot be torn, merged or subject to apparent loss of coherence.
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > In fact, we should use lockless_dereference() for many of them. Yes
> > > > > > > Alpha is the only one that cares about the difference between that and
> > > > > > > READ_ONCE() and they do have the extra barrier, but if we're going to do
> > > > > > > this, we might as well do it 'right' :-)
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > I know this sounds daft, but I think one of the big reasons why
> > > > > > lockless_dereference() doesn't get an awful lot of use is because it's
> > > > > > such a mouthful! Why don't we just move the smp_read_barrier_depends()
> > > > > > into READ_ONCE? Would anybody actually care about the potential impact on
> > > > > > Alpha (which, frankly, is treading on thin ice given the low adoption of
> > > > > > lockless_dereference())?
> > > > > 
> > > > > This is my cue to ask my usual question...  ;-)
> > > > > 
> > > > > Are people still running mainline kernels on Alpha?  (Added Alpha folks.)
> > > > 
> > > > Yes.  I run two Alpha build daemons that build the unofficial
> > > > debian-alpha port.  Debian popcon reports nine machines running
> > > > Alpha, which are likely to be running the 4.12.y kernel which
> > > > is currently in debian-alpha, (and presumably soon to be 4.13.y
> > > > which is now built on Alpha in experimental).
> > > 
> > > I salute your dedication to Alpha!  ;-)
> > 
> > Ok, but where does that leave us wrt my initial proposal of moving
> > smp_read_barrier_depends() into READ_ONCE and getting rid of
> > lockless_dereference?
> > 
> > Michael (or anybody else running mainline on SMP Alpha) -- would you be
> > able to give the diff below a spin and see whether there's a measurable
> > performance impact?
> 
> This will be a sensitive test.  The smp_read_barrier_depends() can be
> removed from lockless_dereference().  Without this removal Alpha will
> get two memory barriers from rcu_dereference() and friends.

Oh yes, good point. I was trying to keep the diff simple, but you're
right that this is packing too many barriers. Fixed diff below.

Thanks,

Will

--->8

diff --git a/include/linux/compiler.h b/include/linux/compiler.h
index e95a2631e545..c4ee9d6d8f2d 100644
--- a/include/linux/compiler.h
+++ b/include/linux/compiler.h
@@ -340,6 +340,7 @@ static __always_inline void __write_once_size(volatile void *p, void *res, int s
 		__read_once_size(&(x), __u.__c, sizeof(x));		\
 	else								\
 		__read_once_size_nocheck(&(x), __u.__c, sizeof(x));	\
+	smp_read_barrier_depends(); /* Enforce dependency ordering from x */ \
 	__u.__val;							\
 })
 #define READ_ONCE(x) __READ_ONCE(x, 1)
@@ -620,7 +621,6 @@ static __always_inline void __write_once_size(volatile void *p, void *res, int s
 ({ \
 	typeof(p) _________p1 = READ_ONCE(p); \
 	typeof(*(p)) *___typecheck_p __maybe_unused; \
-	smp_read_barrier_depends(); /* Dependency order vs. p above. */ \
 	(_________p1); \
 })