Date:   Fri, 17 Nov 2017 14:32:57 -0600
From:   Tom Zanussi <tom.zanussi@...ux.intel.com>
To:     rostedt@...dmis.org
Cc:     tglx@...utronix.de, mhiramat@...nel.org, namhyung@...nel.org,
        vedang.patel@...el.com, bigeasy@...utronix.de,
        joel.opensrc@...il.com, joelaf@...gle.com,
        mathieu.desnoyers@...icios.com, baohong.liu@...el.com,
        rajvi.jingar@...el.com, julia@...com, fengguang.wu@...el.com,
        linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org, linux-rt-users@...r.kernel.org,
        Tom Zanussi <tom.zanussi@...ux.intel.com>
Subject: [PATCH v6 18/37] tracing: Add simple expression support to hist triggers

Add support for simple addition, subtraction, and unary expressions
(-(expr) and expr, where expr = b-a, a+b, a+b+c) to hist triggers, in
order to support a minimal set of useful inter-event calculations.

These operations are needed for calculating latencies between events
(timestamp1-timestamp0) and for combined latencies (latencies over 3
or more events).

In the process, factor out some common code from key and value
parsing.

Signed-off-by: Tom Zanussi <tom.zanussi@...ux.intel.com>
---
 kernel/trace/trace_events_hist.c | 513 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------
 1 file changed, 440 insertions(+), 73 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kernel/trace/trace_events_hist.c b/kernel/trace/trace_events_hist.c
index b33c2bc..f6c59a5 100644
--- a/kernel/trace/trace_events_hist.c
+++ b/kernel/trace/trace_events_hist.c
@@ -32,6 +32,13 @@ typedef u64 (*hist_field_fn_t) (struct hist_field *field, void *event,
 #define HIST_FIELD_OPERANDS_MAX	2
 #define HIST_FIELDS_MAX		(TRACING_MAP_FIELDS_MAX + TRACING_MAP_VARS_MAX)
 
+enum field_op_id {
+	FIELD_OP_NONE,
+	FIELD_OP_PLUS,
+	FIELD_OP_MINUS,
+	FIELD_OP_UNARY_MINUS,
+};
+
 struct hist_var {
 	char				*name;
 	struct hist_trigger_data	*hist_data;
@@ -48,6 +55,8 @@ struct hist_field {
 	struct hist_field		*operands[HIST_FIELD_OPERANDS_MAX];
 	struct hist_trigger_data	*hist_data;
 	struct hist_var			var;
+	enum field_op_id		operator;
+	char				*name;
 };
 
 static u64 hist_field_none(struct hist_field *field, void *event,
@@ -98,6 +107,41 @@ static u64 hist_field_log2(struct hist_field *hist_field, void *event,
 	return (u64) ilog2(roundup_pow_of_two(val));
 }
 
+static u64 hist_field_plus(struct hist_field *hist_field, void *event,
+			   struct ring_buffer_event *rbe)
+{
+	struct hist_field *operand1 = hist_field->operands[0];
+	struct hist_field *operand2 = hist_field->operands[1];
+
+	u64 val1 = operand1->fn(operand1, event, rbe);
+	u64 val2 = operand2->fn(operand2, event, rbe);
+
+	return val1 + val2;
+}
+
+static u64 hist_field_minus(struct hist_field *hist_field, void *event,
+			    struct ring_buffer_event *rbe)
+{
+	struct hist_field *operand1 = hist_field->operands[0];
+	struct hist_field *operand2 = hist_field->operands[1];
+
+	u64 val1 = operand1->fn(operand1, event, rbe);
+	u64 val2 = operand2->fn(operand2, event, rbe);
+
+	return val1 - val2;
+}
+
+static u64 hist_field_unary_minus(struct hist_field *hist_field, void *event,
+				  struct ring_buffer_event *rbe)
+{
+	struct hist_field *operand = hist_field->operands[0];
+
+	s64 sval = (s64)operand->fn(operand, event, rbe);
+	u64 val = (u64)-sval;
+
+	return val;
+}
+
 #define DEFINE_HIST_FIELD_FN(type)					\
 	static u64 hist_field_##type(struct hist_field *hist_field,	\
 				     void *event,			\
@@ -147,6 +191,7 @@ enum hist_field_flags {
 	HIST_FIELD_FL_TIMESTAMP		= 1 << 10,
 	HIST_FIELD_FL_TIMESTAMP_USECS	= 1 << 11,
 	HIST_FIELD_FL_VAR		= 1 << 12,
+	HIST_FIELD_FL_EXPR		= 1 << 13,
 };
 
 struct var_defs {
@@ -258,6 +303,8 @@ static const char *hist_field_name(struct hist_field *field,
 		field_name = hist_field_name(field->operands[0], ++level);
 	else if (field->flags & HIST_FIELD_FL_TIMESTAMP)
 		field_name = "$common_timestamp";
+	else if (field->flags & HIST_FIELD_FL_EXPR)
+		field_name = field->name;
 
 	if (field_name == NULL)
 		field_name = "";
@@ -519,6 +566,93 @@ static const char *get_hist_field_flags(struct hist_field *hist_field)
 	return flags_str;
 }
 
+static char *expr_str(struct hist_field *field, unsigned int level)
+{
+	char *expr;
+
+	if (level > 1)
+		return NULL;
+
+	expr = kzalloc(MAX_FILTER_STR_VAL, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!expr)
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (field->operator == FIELD_OP_UNARY_MINUS) {
+		char *subexpr;
+
+		strcat(expr, "-(");
+		subexpr = expr_str(field->operands[0], ++level);
+		if (!subexpr) {
+			kfree(expr);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		strcat(expr, subexpr);
+		strcat(expr, ")");
+
+		return expr;
+	}
+
+	strcat(expr, hist_field_name(field->operands[0], 0));
+	if (field->operands[0]->flags) {
+		const char *flags_str = get_hist_field_flags(field->operands[0]);
+
+		if (flags_str) {
+			strcat(expr, ".");
+			strcat(expr, flags_str);
+		}
+	}
+
+	switch (field->operator) {
+	case FIELD_OP_MINUS:
+		strcat(expr, "-");
+		break;
+	case FIELD_OP_PLUS:
+		strcat(expr, "+");
+		break;
+	default:
+		kfree(expr);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	strcat(expr, hist_field_name(field->operands[1], 0));
+	if (field->operands[1]->flags) {
+		const char *flags_str = get_hist_field_flags(field->operands[1]);
+
+		if (flags_str) {
+			strcat(expr, ".");
+			strcat(expr, flags_str);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return expr;
+}
+
+static int contains_operator(char *str)
+{
+	enum field_op_id field_op = FIELD_OP_NONE;
+	char *op;
+
+	op = strpbrk(str, "+-");
+	if (!op)
+		return FIELD_OP_NONE;
+
+	switch (*op) {
+	case '-':
+		if (*str == '-')
+			field_op = FIELD_OP_UNARY_MINUS;
+		else
+			field_op = FIELD_OP_MINUS;
+		break;
+	case '+':
+		field_op = FIELD_OP_PLUS;
+		break;
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return field_op;
+}
+
 static void destroy_hist_field(struct hist_field *hist_field,
 			       unsigned int level)
 {
@@ -534,6 +668,7 @@ static void destroy_hist_field(struct hist_field *hist_field,
 		destroy_hist_field(hist_field->operands[i], level + 1);
 
 	kfree(hist_field->var.name);
+	kfree(hist_field->name);
 
 	kfree(hist_field);
 }
@@ -554,6 +689,9 @@ static struct hist_field *create_hist_field(struct hist_trigger_data *hist_data,
 
 	hist_field->hist_data = hist_data;
 
+	if (flags & HIST_FIELD_FL_EXPR)
+		goto out; /* caller will populate */
+
 	if (flags & HIST_FIELD_FL_HITCOUNT) {
 		hist_field->fn = hist_field_counter;
 		goto out;
@@ -626,59 +764,323 @@ static void destroy_hist_fields(struct hist_trigger_data *hist_data)
 	}
 }
 
-static int create_hitcount_val(struct hist_trigger_data *hist_data)
+static char *field_name_from_var(struct hist_trigger_data *hist_data,
+				 char *var_name)
 {
-	hist_data->fields[HITCOUNT_IDX] =
-		create_hist_field(hist_data, NULL, HIST_FIELD_FL_HITCOUNT, NULL);
-	if (!hist_data->fields[HITCOUNT_IDX])
-		return -ENOMEM;
+	char *name, *field;
+	unsigned int i;
 
-	hist_data->n_vals++;
-	hist_data->n_fields++;
+	for (i = 0; i < hist_data->attrs->var_defs.n_vars; i++) {
+		name = hist_data->attrs->var_defs.name[i];
 
-	if (WARN_ON(hist_data->n_vals > TRACING_MAP_VALS_MAX))
-		return -EINVAL;
+		if (strcmp(var_name, name) == 0) {
+			field = hist_data->attrs->var_defs.expr[i];
+			if (contains_operator(field))
+				continue;
+			return field;
+		}
+	}
 
-	return 0;
+	return NULL;
 }
 
-static int __create_val_field(struct hist_trigger_data *hist_data,
-			      unsigned int val_idx,
-			      struct trace_event_file *file,
-			      char *var_name, char *field_str,
-			      unsigned long flags)
+static char *local_field_var_ref(struct hist_trigger_data *hist_data,
+				 char *var_name)
+{
+	var_name++;
+
+	return field_name_from_var(hist_data, var_name);
+}
+
+static struct ftrace_event_field *
+parse_field(struct hist_trigger_data *hist_data, struct trace_event_file *file,
+	    char *field_str, unsigned long *flags)
 {
 	struct ftrace_event_field *field = NULL;
-	char *field_name;
-	int ret = 0;
+	char *field_name, *modifier, *str;
+
+	modifier = str = kstrdup(field_str, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!modifier)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 
-	field_name = strsep(&field_str, ".");
-	if (field_str) {
-		if (strcmp(field_str, "hex") == 0)
-			flags |= HIST_FIELD_FL_HEX;
+	field_name = strsep(&modifier, ".");
+	if (modifier) {
+		if (strcmp(modifier, "hex") == 0)
+			*flags |= HIST_FIELD_FL_HEX;
+		else if (strcmp(modifier, "sym") == 0)
+			*flags |= HIST_FIELD_FL_SYM;
+		else if (strcmp(modifier, "sym-offset") == 0)
+			*flags |= HIST_FIELD_FL_SYM_OFFSET;
+		else if ((strcmp(modifier, "execname") == 0) &&
+			 (strcmp(field_name, "common_pid") == 0))
+			*flags |= HIST_FIELD_FL_EXECNAME;
+		else if (strcmp(modifier, "syscall") == 0)
+			*flags |= HIST_FIELD_FL_SYSCALL;
+		else if (strcmp(modifier, "log2") == 0)
+			*flags |= HIST_FIELD_FL_LOG2;
+		else if (strcmp(modifier, "usecs") == 0)
+			*flags |= HIST_FIELD_FL_TIMESTAMP_USECS;
 		else {
-			ret = -EINVAL;
+			field = ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
 			goto out;
 		}
 	}
 
 	if (strcmp(field_name, "$common_timestamp") == 0) {
-		flags |= HIST_FIELD_FL_TIMESTAMP;
+		*flags |= HIST_FIELD_FL_TIMESTAMP;
 		hist_data->enable_timestamps = true;
+		if (*flags & HIST_FIELD_FL_TIMESTAMP_USECS)
+			hist_data->attrs->ts_in_usecs = true;
 	} else {
 		field = trace_find_event_field(file->event_call, field_name);
 		if (!field || !field->size) {
-			ret = -EINVAL;
+			field = ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
 			goto out;
 		}
 	}
+ out:
+	kfree(str);
+
+	return field;
+}
 
-	hist_data->fields[val_idx] = create_hist_field(hist_data, field, flags, var_name);
-	if (!hist_data->fields[val_idx]) {
+struct hist_field *parse_atom(struct hist_trigger_data *hist_data,
+			      struct trace_event_file *file, char *str,
+			      unsigned long *flags, char *var_name)
+{
+	char *s;
+	struct ftrace_event_field *field = NULL;
+	struct hist_field *hist_field = NULL;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	s = local_field_var_ref(hist_data, str);
+	if (s)
+		str = s;
+
+	field = parse_field(hist_data, file, str, flags);
+	if (IS_ERR(field)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(field);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	hist_field = create_hist_field(hist_data, field, *flags, var_name);
+	if (!hist_field) {
 		ret = -ENOMEM;
 		goto out;
 	}
 
+	return hist_field;
+ out:
+	return ERR_PTR(ret);
+}
+
+static struct hist_field *parse_expr(struct hist_trigger_data *hist_data,
+				     struct trace_event_file *file,
+				     char *str, unsigned long flags,
+				     char *var_name, unsigned int level);
+
+static struct hist_field *parse_unary(struct hist_trigger_data *hist_data,
+				      struct trace_event_file *file,
+				      char *str, unsigned long flags,
+				      char *var_name, unsigned int level)
+{
+	struct hist_field *operand1, *expr = NULL;
+	unsigned long operand_flags;
+	int ret = 0;
+	char *s;
+
+	// we support only -(xxx) i.e. explicit parens required
+
+	if (level > 2) {
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto free;
+	}
+
+	str++; // skip leading '-'
+
+	s = strchr(str, '(');
+	if (s)
+		str++;
+	else {
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto free;
+	}
+
+	s = strchr(str, ')');
+	if (s)
+		*s = '\0';
+	else {
+		ret = -EINVAL; // no closing ')'
+		goto free;
+	}
+
+	strsep(&str, "(");
+	if (!str) {
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto free;
+	}
+
+	flags |= HIST_FIELD_FL_EXPR;
+	expr = create_hist_field(hist_data, NULL, flags, var_name);
+	if (!expr) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto free;
+	}
+
+	operand_flags = 0;
+	operand1 = parse_expr(hist_data, file, str, operand_flags, NULL, ++level);
+	if (IS_ERR(operand1)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(operand1);
+		goto free;
+	}
+
+	expr->fn = hist_field_unary_minus;
+	expr->operands[0] = operand1;
+	expr->operator = FIELD_OP_UNARY_MINUS;
+	expr->name = expr_str(expr, 0);
+
+	return expr;
+ free:
+	destroy_hist_field(expr, 0);
+	return ERR_PTR(ret);
+}
+
+static int check_expr_operands(struct hist_field *operand1,
+			       struct hist_field *operand2)
+{
+	unsigned long operand1_flags = operand1->flags;
+	unsigned long operand2_flags = operand2->flags;
+
+	if ((operand1_flags & HIST_FIELD_FL_TIMESTAMP_USECS) !=
+	    (operand2_flags & HIST_FIELD_FL_TIMESTAMP_USECS))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct hist_field *parse_expr(struct hist_trigger_data *hist_data,
+				     struct trace_event_file *file,
+				     char *str, unsigned long flags,
+				     char *var_name, unsigned int level)
+{
+	struct hist_field *operand1 = NULL, *operand2 = NULL, *expr = NULL;
+	unsigned long operand_flags;
+	int field_op, ret = -EINVAL;
+	char *sep, *operand1_str;
+
+	if (level > 2)
+		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+
+	field_op = contains_operator(str);
+
+	if (field_op == FIELD_OP_NONE)
+		return parse_atom(hist_data, file, str, &flags, var_name);
+
+	if (field_op == FIELD_OP_UNARY_MINUS)
+		return parse_unary(hist_data, file, str, flags, var_name, ++level);
+
+	switch (field_op) {
+	case FIELD_OP_MINUS:
+		sep = "-";
+		break;
+	case FIELD_OP_PLUS:
+		sep = "+";
+		break;
+	default:
+		goto free;
+	}
+
+	operand1_str = strsep(&str, sep);
+	if (!operand1_str || !str)
+		goto free;
+
+	operand_flags = 0;
+	operand1 = parse_atom(hist_data, file, operand1_str,
+			      &operand_flags, NULL);
+	if (IS_ERR(operand1)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(operand1);
+		operand1 = NULL;
+		goto free;
+	}
+
+	// rest of string could be another expression e.g. b+c in a+b+c
+	operand_flags = 0;
+	operand2 = parse_expr(hist_data, file, str, operand_flags, NULL, ++level);
+	if (IS_ERR(operand2)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(operand2);
+		operand2 = NULL;
+		goto free;
+	}
+
+	ret = check_expr_operands(operand1, operand2);
+	if (ret)
+		goto free;
+
+	flags |= HIST_FIELD_FL_EXPR;
+	expr = create_hist_field(hist_data, NULL, flags, var_name);
+	if (!expr) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto free;
+	}
+
+	expr->operands[0] = operand1;
+	expr->operands[1] = operand2;
+	expr->operator = field_op;
+	expr->name = expr_str(expr, 0);
+
+	switch (field_op) {
+	case FIELD_OP_MINUS:
+		expr->fn = hist_field_minus;
+		break;
+	case FIELD_OP_PLUS:
+		expr->fn = hist_field_plus;
+		break;
+	default:
+		goto free;
+	}
+
+	return expr;
+ free:
+	destroy_hist_field(operand1, 0);
+	destroy_hist_field(operand2, 0);
+	destroy_hist_field(expr, 0);
+
+	return ERR_PTR(ret);
+}
+
+static int create_hitcount_val(struct hist_trigger_data *hist_data)
+{
+	hist_data->fields[HITCOUNT_IDX] =
+		create_hist_field(hist_data, NULL, HIST_FIELD_FL_HITCOUNT, NULL);
+	if (!hist_data->fields[HITCOUNT_IDX])
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	hist_data->n_vals++;
+	hist_data->n_fields++;
+
+	if (WARN_ON(hist_data->n_vals > TRACING_MAP_VALS_MAX))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int __create_val_field(struct hist_trigger_data *hist_data,
+			      unsigned int val_idx,
+			      struct trace_event_file *file,
+			      char *var_name, char *field_str,
+			      unsigned long flags)
+{
+	struct hist_field *hist_field;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	hist_field = parse_expr(hist_data, file, field_str, flags, var_name, 0);
+	if (IS_ERR(hist_field)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(hist_field);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	hist_data->fields[val_idx] = hist_field;
+
 	++hist_data->n_vals;
 	++hist_data->n_fields;
 
@@ -765,8 +1167,8 @@ static int create_key_field(struct hist_trigger_data *hist_data,
 			    struct trace_event_file *file,
 			    char *field_str)
 {
-	struct ftrace_event_field *field = NULL;
 	struct hist_field *hist_field = NULL;
+
 	unsigned long flags = 0;
 	unsigned int key_size;
 	int ret = 0;
@@ -781,60 +1183,24 @@ static int create_key_field(struct hist_trigger_data *hist_data,
 		key_size = sizeof(unsigned long) * HIST_STACKTRACE_DEPTH;
 		hist_field = create_hist_field(hist_data, NULL, flags, NULL);
 	} else {
-		char *field_name = strsep(&field_str, ".");
-
-		if (field_str) {
-			if (strcmp(field_str, "hex") == 0)
-				flags |= HIST_FIELD_FL_HEX;
-			else if (strcmp(field_str, "sym") == 0)
-				flags |= HIST_FIELD_FL_SYM;
-			else if (strcmp(field_str, "sym-offset") == 0)
-				flags |= HIST_FIELD_FL_SYM_OFFSET;
-			else if ((strcmp(field_str, "execname") == 0) &&
-				 (strcmp(field_name, "common_pid") == 0))
-				flags |= HIST_FIELD_FL_EXECNAME;
-			else if (strcmp(field_str, "syscall") == 0)
-				flags |= HIST_FIELD_FL_SYSCALL;
-			else if (strcmp(field_str, "log2") == 0)
-				flags |= HIST_FIELD_FL_LOG2;
-			else if (strcmp(field_str, "usecs") == 0)
-				flags |= HIST_FIELD_FL_TIMESTAMP_USECS;
-			else {
-				ret = -EINVAL;
-				goto out;
-			}
+		hist_field = parse_expr(hist_data, file, field_str, flags,
+					NULL, 0);
+		if (IS_ERR(hist_field)) {
+			ret = PTR_ERR(hist_field);
+			goto out;
 		}
 
-		if (strcmp(field_name, "$common_timestamp") == 0) {
-			flags |= HIST_FIELD_FL_TIMESTAMP;
-			hist_data->enable_timestamps = true;
-			if (flags & HIST_FIELD_FL_TIMESTAMP_USECS)
-				hist_data->attrs->ts_in_usecs = true;
-			key_size = sizeof(u64);
-		} else {
-			field = trace_find_event_field(file->event_call, field_name);
-			if (!field || !field->size) {
-				ret = -EINVAL;
-				goto out;
-			}
-
-			if (is_string_field(field))
-				key_size = MAX_FILTER_STR_VAL;
-			else
-				key_size = field->size;
-		}
+		key_size = hist_field->size;
 	}
 
-	hist_data->fields[key_idx] = create_hist_field(hist_data, field, flags, NULL);
-	if (!hist_data->fields[key_idx]) {
-		ret = -ENOMEM;
-		goto out;
-	}
+	hist_data->fields[key_idx] = hist_field;
 
 	key_size = ALIGN(key_size, sizeof(u64));
 	hist_data->fields[key_idx]->size = key_size;
 	hist_data->fields[key_idx]->offset = key_offset;
+
 	hist_data->key_size += key_size;
+
 	if (hist_data->key_size > HIST_KEY_SIZE_MAX) {
 		ret = -EINVAL;
 		goto out;
@@ -1419,7 +1785,8 @@ static void hist_trigger_stacktrace_print(struct seq_file *m,
 	for (i = 1; i < hist_data->n_vals; i++) {
 		field_name = hist_field_name(hist_data->fields[i], 0);
 
-		if (hist_data->fields[i]->flags & HIST_FIELD_FL_VAR)
+		if (hist_data->fields[i]->flags & HIST_FIELD_FL_VAR ||
+		    hist_data->fields[i]->flags & HIST_FIELD_FL_EXPR)
 			continue;
 
 		if (hist_data->fields[i]->flags & HIST_FIELD_FL_HEX) {
-- 
1.9.3

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