linux-kernel - [PATCH v2 11/11] arm64: Implement branch predictor hardening for affected Cortex-A CPUs

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Message-Id: <1515157961-20963-12-git-send-email-will.deacon@arm.com>
Date:   Fri,  5 Jan 2018 13:12:41 +0000
From:   Will Deacon <will.deacon@....com>
To:     linux-arm-kernel@...ts.infradead.org
Cc:     catalin.marinas@....com, ard.biesheuvel@...aro.org,
        marc.zyngier@....com, lorenzo.pieralisi@....com,
        christoffer.dall@...aro.org, linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org,
        labbott@...hat.com, Will Deacon <will.deacon@....com>
Subject: [PATCH v2 11/11] arm64: Implement branch predictor hardening for affected Cortex-A CPUs

Cortex-A57, A72, A73 and A75 are susceptible to branch predictor aliasing
and can theoretically be attacked by malicious code.

This patch implements a PSCI-based mitigation for these CPUs when available.
The call into firmware will invalidate the branch predictor state, preventing
any malicious entries from affecting other victim contexts.

Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@....com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@....com>
---
 arch/arm64/kernel/bpi.S        | 24 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 arch/arm64/kernel/cpu_errata.c | 42 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 66 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/bpi.S b/arch/arm64/kernel/bpi.S
index 06a931eb2673..2e9146534174 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kernel/bpi.S
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/bpi.S
@@ -53,3 +53,27 @@ ENTRY(__bp_harden_hyp_vecs_start)
 	vectors __kvm_hyp_vector
 	.endr
 ENTRY(__bp_harden_hyp_vecs_end)
+ENTRY(__psci_hyp_bp_inval_start)
+	sub	sp, sp, #(8 * 18)
+	stp	x16, x17, [sp, #(16 * 0)]
+	stp	x14, x15, [sp, #(16 * 1)]
+	stp	x12, x13, [sp, #(16 * 2)]
+	stp	x10, x11, [sp, #(16 * 3)]
+	stp	x8, x9, [sp, #(16 * 4)]
+	stp	x6, x7, [sp, #(16 * 5)]
+	stp	x4, x5, [sp, #(16 * 6)]
+	stp	x2, x3, [sp, #(16 * 7)]
+	stp	x0, x1, [sp, #(18 * 8)]
+	mov	x0, #0x84000000
+	smc	#0
+	ldp	x16, x17, [sp, #(16 * 0)]
+	ldp	x14, x15, [sp, #(16 * 1)]
+	ldp	x12, x13, [sp, #(16 * 2)]
+	ldp	x10, x11, [sp, #(16 * 3)]
+	ldp	x8, x9, [sp, #(16 * 4)]
+	ldp	x6, x7, [sp, #(16 * 5)]
+	ldp	x4, x5, [sp, #(16 * 6)]
+	ldp	x2, x3, [sp, #(16 * 7)]
+	ldp	x0, x1, [sp, #(18 * 8)]
+	add	sp, sp, #(8 * 18)
+ENTRY(__psci_hyp_bp_inval_end)
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/cpu_errata.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/cpu_errata.c
index 16ea5c6f314e..cb0fb3796bb8 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kernel/cpu_errata.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/cpu_errata.c
@@ -53,6 +53,8 @@ static int cpu_enable_trap_ctr_access(void *__unused)
 DEFINE_PER_CPU_READ_MOSTLY(struct bp_hardening_data, bp_hardening_data);
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_KVM
+extern char __psci_hyp_bp_inval_start[], __psci_hyp_bp_inval_end[];
+
 static void __copy_hyp_vect_bpi(int slot, const char *hyp_vecs_start,
 				const char *hyp_vecs_end)
 {
@@ -94,6 +96,9 @@ static void __install_bp_hardening_cb(bp_hardening_cb_t fn,
 	spin_unlock(&bp_lock);
 }
 #else
+#define __psci_hyp_bp_inval_start	NULL
+#define __psci_hyp_bp_inval_end		NULL
+
 static void __install_bp_hardening_cb(bp_hardening_cb_t fn,
 				      const char *hyp_vecs_start,
 				      const char *hyp_vecs_end)
@@ -118,6 +123,21 @@ static void  install_bp_hardening_cb(const struct arm64_cpu_capabilities *entry,
 
 	__install_bp_hardening_cb(fn, hyp_vecs_start, hyp_vecs_end);
 }
+
+#include <linux/psci.h>
+
+static int enable_psci_bp_hardening(void *data)
+{
+	const struct arm64_cpu_capabilities *entry = data;
+
+	if (psci_ops.get_version)
+		install_bp_hardening_cb(entry,
+				       (bp_hardening_cb_t)psci_ops.get_version,
+				       __psci_hyp_bp_inval_start,
+				       __psci_hyp_bp_inval_end);
+
+	return 0;
+}
 #endif	/* CONFIG_HARDEN_BRANCH_PREDICTOR */
 
 #define MIDR_RANGE(model, min, max) \
@@ -261,6 +281,28 @@ const struct arm64_cpu_capabilities arm64_errata[] = {
 		MIDR_ALL_VERSIONS(MIDR_CORTEX_A73),
 	},
 #endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_HARDEN_BRANCH_PREDICTOR
+	{
+		.capability = ARM64_HARDEN_BRANCH_PREDICTOR,
+		MIDR_ALL_VERSIONS(MIDR_CORTEX_A57),
+		.enable = enable_psci_bp_hardening,
+	},
+	{
+		.capability = ARM64_HARDEN_BRANCH_PREDICTOR,
+		MIDR_ALL_VERSIONS(MIDR_CORTEX_A72),
+		.enable = enable_psci_bp_hardening,
+	},
+	{
+		.capability = ARM64_HARDEN_BRANCH_PREDICTOR,
+		MIDR_ALL_VERSIONS(MIDR_CORTEX_A73),
+		.enable = enable_psci_bp_hardening,
+	},
+	{
+		.capability = ARM64_HARDEN_BRANCH_PREDICTOR,
+		MIDR_ALL_VERSIONS(MIDR_CORTEX_A75),
+		.enable = enable_psci_bp_hardening,
+	},
+#endif
 	{
 	}
 };
-- 
2.1.4