linux-kernel - Re: [RFC PATCH 0/3] kernel: add support for 256-bit IO access

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Message-ID: <20180403103655.oa235p3h65twf4ct@gmail.com>
Date:   Tue, 3 Apr 2018 12:36:55 +0200
From:   Ingo Molnar <mingo@...nel.org>
To:     Pavel Machek <pavel@....cz>
Cc:     Thomas Gleixner <tglx@...utronix.de>,
        David Laight <David.Laight@...LAB.COM>,
        'Rahul Lakkireddy' <rahul.lakkireddy@...lsio.com>,
        "x86@...nel.org" <x86@...nel.org>,
        "linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org" <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>,
        "netdev@...r.kernel.org" <netdev@...r.kernel.org>,
        "mingo@...hat.com" <mingo@...hat.com>,
        "hpa@...or.com" <hpa@...or.com>,
        "davem@...emloft.net" <davem@...emloft.net>,
        "akpm@...ux-foundation.org" <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
        "torvalds@...ux-foundation.org" <torvalds@...ux-foundation.org>,
        "ganeshgr@...lsio.com" <ganeshgr@...lsio.com>,
        "nirranjan@...lsio.com" <nirranjan@...lsio.com>,
        "indranil@...lsio.com" <indranil@...lsio.com>,
        Andy Lutomirski <luto@...nel.org>,
        Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@...llo.nl>,
        Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@...el.com>,
        Eric Biggers <ebiggers3@...il.com>
Subject: Re: [RFC PATCH 0/3] kernel: add support for 256-bit IO access


* Pavel Machek <pavel@....cz> wrote:

> > > > Yeah, so generic memcpy() replacement is only feasible I think if the most 
> > > > optimistic implementation is actually correct:
> > > > 
> > > >  - if no preempt disable()/enable() is required
> > > > 
> > > >  - if direct access to the AVX[2] registers does not disturb legacy FPU state in 
> > > >    any fashion
> > > > 
> > > >  - if direct access to the AVX[2] registers cannot raise weird exceptions or have
> > > >    weird behavior if the FPU control word is modified to non-standard values by 
> > > >    untrusted user-space
> > > > 
> > > > If we have to touch the FPU tag or control words then it's probably only good for 
> > > > a specialized API.
> > > 
> > > I did not mean to have a general memcpy replacement. Rather something like
> > > magic_memcpy() which falls back to memcpy when AVX is not usable or the
> > > length does not justify the AVX stuff at all.
> > 
> > OK, fair enough.
> > 
> > Note that a generic version might still be worth trying out, if and only if it's 
> > safe to access those vector registers directly: modern x86 CPUs will do their 
> > non-constant memcpy()s via the common memcpy_erms() function - which could in 
> > theory be an easy common point to be (cpufeatures-) patched to an AVX2 variant, if 
> > size (and alignment, perhaps) is a multiple of 32 bytes or so.
> 
> How is AVX2 supposed to help the memcpy speed?
> 
> If the copy is small, constant overhead will dominate, and I don't
> think AVX2 is going to be win there.

There are several advantages:

1)

"REP; MOVS" (also called ERMS) has a significant constant "setup cost".

In the scheme I suggested (and if it's possible) then single-register AVX2 access 
on the other hand has a setup cost on the "few cycles" order of magnitude.

2)

AVX2 have various non-temporary load and store behavioral variants - while "REP; 
MOVS" doesn't (or rather, any such caching optimizations, to the extent they 
exist, are hidden in the microcode).

> If the copy is big, well, the copy loop will likely run out of L1 and maybe even 
> out of L2, and at that point speed of the loop does not matter because memory is 
> slow...?

In many cases "memory" will be something very fast, such as another level of 
cache. Also, on NUMA "memory" can also be something locally wired to the CPU - 
again accessible at ridiculous bandwidths.

Nevertheless ERMS is probably wins for the regular bulk memcpy by a few percentage 
points, so I don't think AVX2 is a win in the generic large-memcpy case, as long 
as continued caching of both the loads and the stores is beneficial.

Thanks,

	Ingo