linux-kernel - Re: [External] Re: [PATCH 2/3] include/linux/gfp.h: use unsigned int in gfp

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Date:   Mon, 7 May 2018 11:44:10 -0700
From:   Matthew Wilcox <willy@...radead.org>
To:     Huaisheng HS1 Ye <yehs1@...ovo.com>
Cc:     Michal Hocko <mhocko@...nel.org>,
        "akpm@...ux-foundation.org" <akpm@...ux-foundation.org>,
        "linux-mm@...ck.org" <linux-mm@...ck.org>,
        "vbabka@...e.cz" <vbabka@...e.cz>,
        "mgorman@...hsingularity.net" <mgorman@...hsingularity.net>,
        "pasha.tatashin@...cle.com" <pasha.tatashin@...cle.com>,
        "alexander.levin@...izon.com" <alexander.levin@...izon.com>,
        "hannes@...xchg.org" <hannes@...xchg.org>,
        "penguin-kernel@...ove.SAKURA.ne.jp" 
        <penguin-kernel@...ove.SAKURA.ne.jp>,
        "colyli@...e.de" <colyli@...e.de>,
        NingTing Cheng <chengnt@...ovo.com>,
        "linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org" <linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org>
Subject: Re: [External]  Re: [PATCH 2/3] include/linux/gfp.h: use unsigned
 int in gfp_zone

On Mon, May 07, 2018 at 05:16:50PM +0000, Huaisheng HS1 Ye wrote:
> I hope it couldn't cause problem, but based on my analyzation it has the potential to go wrong if users still use the flags as usual, which are __GFP_DMA, __GFP_DMA32 and __GFP_HIGHMEM.
> Let me take an example with my testing platform, these logics are much abstract, an example will be helpful.
> 
> There is a two sockets X86_64 server, No HIGHMEM and it has 16 + 16GB memories.
> Its zone types shall be like this below,
> 
> ZONE_DMA		0		0b0000
> ZONE_DMA32		1		0b0001
> ZONE_NORMAL		2		0b0010
> (OPT_ZONE_HIGHMEM)	2		0b0010
> ZONE_MOVABLE		3		0b0011
> ZONE_DEVICE		4		0b0100 (virtual zone)
> __MAX_NR_ZONES	5
> 
> __GFP_DMA	= ZONE_DMA ^ ZONE_NORMAL= 0b0010
> __GFP_DMA32	= ZONE_DMA32 ^ ZONE_NORMAL= 0b0011
> __GFP_HIGHMEM = OPT_ZONE_HIGHMEM ^ ZONE_NORMAL = 0b0000
> __GFP_MOVABLE	= ZONE_MOVABLE ^ ZONE_NORMAL | ___GFP_MOVABLE = 0b1001
> 
> Eg.
> If a driver uses flags like this below,
> Step 1:
> gfp_mask  |  __GFP_DMA32;	
> (0b 0000		|	0b 0011	= 0b 0011)
> gfp_mask's low four bits shall equal to 0011, assuming no __GFP_MOVABLE
> 
> Step 2:
> gfp_mask  & ~__GFP_DMA;	
> (0b 0011	 & ~0b0010   = 0b0001)
> gfp_mask's low four bits shall equal to 0001 now, then when it enter gfp_zone(),
> 
> return ((__force int)flags & ___GFP_ZONE_MASK) ^ ZONE_NORMAL;
> (0b0001 ^ 0b0010 = 0b0011)
> You know 0011 means that ZONE_MOVABLE will be returned.
> In this case, error can be found, because gfp_mask needs to get ZONE_DMA32 originally.
> But with existing GFP_ZONE_TABLE/BAD, it is correct. Because the bits are way of 0x1, 0x2, 0x4, 0x8

Yes, I understand your point here.  My point was that this was already a bug;
the caller shouldn't simply be clearing __GFP_DMA; they really mean to clear
all of the GFP_ZONE bits so that they allocate from ZONE_NORMAL.  And for
that, they should be using ~GFP_ZONEMASK

Unless they already know, of course.  For example, this one in
arch/x86/mm/pgtable.c is fine:

        if (strcmp(arg, "nohigh") == 0)
                __userpte_alloc_gfp &= ~__GFP_HIGHMEM;

because it knows that __userpte_alloc_gfp can only have __GFP_HIGHMEM set.

But something like btrfs should almost certainly be using ~GFP_ZONEMASK.

> > +#define __GFP_HIGHMEM  ((__force gfp_t)OPT_ZONE_HIGHMEM ^
> > ZONE_NORMAL)
> > -#define __GFP_MOVABLE  ((__force gfp_t)___GFP_MOVABLE)  /*
> > ZONE_MOVABLE allowed */
> > +#define __GFP_MOVABLE  ((__force gfp_t)ZONE_MOVABLE ^
> > ZONE_NORMAL | \
> > +					___GFP_MOVABLE)
> > 
> > Then I think you can just make it:
> > 
> > static inline enum zone_type gfp_zone(gfp_t flags)
> > {
> > 	return ((__force int)flags & ___GFP_ZONE_MASK) ^ ZONE_NORMAL;
> > }
> Sorry, I think it has risk in this way, let me introduce a failure case for example.
> 
> Now suppose that, there is a flag should represent DMA flag with movable.
> It should be like this below,
> __GFP_DMA | __GFP_MOVABLE
> (0b 0010       |   0b 1001   = 0b 1011)
> Normally, gfp_zone shall return ZONE_DMA but with MOVABLE policy, right?

No, if you somehow end up with __GFP_MOVABLE | __GFP_DMA, it should give you
ZONE_DMA.

> But with your code, gfp_zone will return ZONE_DMA32 with MOVABLE policy.
> (0b 1011  ^  0b 0010 = 1001)

___GFP_ZONE_MASK is 0x7, so it excludes __GFP_MOVABLE.